Effect of Pb2＋ on the Kinetic and Spectral Characterization of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase

本文利用各种光谱手段在体外研究了各种浓度的Pb2+对菠菜Rubisco活性影响的机制。 结果表明,Rubisco活性随着Pb2+处理浓度的增加而逐渐下降,低浓度Pb2+下Rubisco的动力学常数和最大反应速率分别为1.74 µM 和 0.42 µmol CO2/mg protein∙min,高浓度Pb2+下Rubisco的动力学常数和最大反应速率分别为11.82 µM and 0.28 µmol CO2/mg protein∙min。光谱学分析证实Pb2+可直接结合到Rubisco上, 其结合位点数为1.1个,结合常数分别为8.63×104 和 2.18×105 L/mol。ICP-MS和圆二色谱分析证实Pb2+取代了酶活性中心的Mg2+ 并改变了酶的构象。     

热敏显色微胶囊的制备与表征

热敏显色微胶囊是用于传真、条形码系统、医用图像、各种打印等领域的重要材料,它是一种内部含有染料隐色体的球形胶囊。染料隐色体是一种内酯结构的无色染料,在一定条件下,与显色剂发生显色反应。由于染料隐色体的化学惰性不够理想,易受外界因素的干扰,因而在应用中受到一定限制,所以为了克服其存在的不足,常将其微胶囊化。微胶囊的芯壁结构可以将芯材与外界隔离,提高芯材的稳定性,同时保留芯材原有的化学性质。当环境温度在微胶囊的玻璃化温度以上时,由于形成微胶囊壁的物质透过性显著增加,因此显色成分接触而发生显色反应。本文利用界面聚合法,以聚乙烯醇为保护胶体,曲拉通X-100为表面活性剂,聚氨酯为壁材,染料隐色体为芯材,合成了聚氨酯热敏显色微胶囊。研究了三个主要因素对微胶囊的粒径及其分布、表面形貌和热敏显色性能的影响。结果表明,增大保护胶体浓度,提高乳化速度,增加乳化剂用量,微胶囊的平均粒径变小,粒径分布变窄,表面变得光滑而且致密,具有较高的热敏显色密度。利用红外光谱仪确认了微胶囊的结构,在最优条件下,所制备的微胶囊玻璃化温度为131 ℃,并具有良好的热稳定性。     

两个修正的分子连接性指数用于有机物反磁磁化率的改进QSPR研究

为了预测有机物的摩尔反磁磁化率,基于分子图的连接矩阵和可变的原子价连接性指数δi’提出了一种可变的分子连接性指数mχ’ 及其逆指数mχ”。包含在δi’、 mχ’ 和mχ”定义式中的三个可变参数x、 a和y的最佳值可通过优化方法得到。当x=2.9、a=1.10、y=0.36时, 通过最佳子变量集合法可以构建一个良好的5参数模型。对721个有机物（训练集）,该模型的相关系数r、标准偏差s和平均绝对偏差分别是0.9930、4.96 cgs和3.74cgs。交叉验证说明,从统计学角度该模型具有良好的稳定性。另外该模型对另外360个有机物（测试集）摩尔反磁磁化率预测结果的平均绝对偏差为4.37cgs。结果表明本文的方法在预测有机物摩尔反磁磁化率方面比文献方法更有效。多元线性方法能得到比较理想的预测有机物摩尔反磁磁化率的模型。     

Mixed fluorinated-hydrogenated surfactant-based system: preparation of ordered mesoporous materials

We have investigated a mixed fluorinated-hydrogenated surfactant-based system [C8F17C2H4(OC2H4)9-C12H25(OC2H4)8] in water. The phase diagram exhibits that the micellar domain can be divided into three parts: above 80 wt% of water both hydrogenated and fluorinated surfactants are completely miscible and they formed mixed micelles in all proportion. When the water concentration is decreased from 80 to 60 wt% a gap of miscibility appears and two micellar zones, one fluorocarbon-rich micelles and one hydrocarbon-rich micelles are observed. The liquid crystal domain is composed of one fluorocarbon-rich (H(F)(1)) and one hydrocarbon-rich (H(H)(1)) hexagonal phase. The hydrophobic radius and the cross-sectional area remain constant in the H(H)(1) and in the H(F)(1) domains. Moreover, SAXS measurements proved that the hydrophobic chains in the liquid crystal phases adopt rather an extended conformation. Then the mixture of surfactants was used as template for the preparation of mesoporous materials. Mesostructured silicas with a well hexagonal array of their channels were prepared via a cooperative templating mechanism (CTM), if the loading of fluorinated surfactant is larger than 50%. Decreasing the proportion of the fluorinated amphiphile in the mixture leads to the formation of mesoporous silica with a disordered structure. In this case the channel arrangement is no longer governed by the fluorinated surfactant but by the hydrogenated one.     

不同粒径纳米晶硫化锌的高压结构相变研究

 应用原位能量色散X射线散射和金刚石对顶砧技术，对纳米晶ZnS进行了高压结构相变研究。初始相为纤锌矿结构的10 nm和3 nm硫化锌分别在16.0 GPa和16.7 GPa时转变为岩盐矿结构，相变压力均高于纤锌矿结构的体材料硫化锌。该相变为一可逆的结构相变。应用大型科学计算软件Materials Studio（MS）计算了纳米晶ZnS的状态方程，根据Birch-Murnaghan方程拟合了纳米晶ZnS的零压体模量，得到的零压体模量高于相应体材料的零压体模量，表明纳米晶ZnS较难压缩。     

氧化镓的同步辐射研究

 利用金刚石对顶砧（DAC）高压装置产生高压，使用体积比为16∶3∶1的甲醇、乙醇和水混合液作为传压介质，通过原位高压同步辐射技术对氧化镓的高压行为进行了研究（0～42.5 GPa）。实验发现在室温下13.3 GPa压力附近，单斜结构的氧化镓发生了结构相变，变成三角结构。相变后镓离子由原来同时位于由氧离子围成的四面体和八面体的中心位置变成只位于八面体的中心位置。卸压后的X射线衍射谱表明，氧化镓又恢复为单斜结构，该相变为可逆相变。     

Solvothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Nonmetal Borates:C_4H_(10)N_2·B_6O_8(OH)_2 and (NH_3CH_2CH_2NH_3)B_5O_8(OH)

Two new borate compounds,C4H10N2·B6O8(OH)2 1 and (NH3CH2CH2NH3)B5O8-(OH) 2,have been solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,IR,elemental analysis and thermal analysis. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system,space group P21/c,with a=8.3318(17),b=6.2118(12),c=12.479(3) ,β=108.96(3)o,V=610.8(2) 3,Mr=313.02,Z=2,Dc=1.702 g/cm3,μ=0.150 mm-1,F(000)=320,R =0.0387 and wR =0.0924. Its layered structure is linked by infinite covalently coordinated neutral sheets with 3,20-membered window system,which are built up from alternative B6O8(OH)2 subunits donated by two piperzazine nitrogen donors. 2 crystallizes in monoclinic,space group Cc,with a=6.7207(13),b=11.481(2),c=12.564(3) ,β=95.25(3)o,V=965.4(3) 3,Mr=261.18,Z=4,Dc=1.797 g/cm3,μ= 0.164 mm-1,F(000)=536,R=0.0396 and wR=0.0752. Its oxoborate structure is generated from the sheets of 3,9-membered boron rings bonded diamine molecules through electrostatic and H-bonding interactions to form a two-dimensional layered network.     

Synthesis,biological evaluation and SAR studies of benzimidazole derivatives as H1-antihistamine agents

A series of benzimidazole derivatives have been designed,synthesized and evaluated for H₁ antihistamine activity.Six compounds have showed potent antihistamine H₁ activity.The primary SAR analysis indicated that benzyl or benzylidinyl substituted on the exo-nitrogen atom and C2 of the benzimidazole were significant.Further experiments indicated that compound 17d displayed excellent activity to reduce mast cell degranulation,moderate anti-PAF activity and decreased potency on hERG compared to astermizole.Hence compound 17d could serve as anti-allergic agent for further development.     

Mn3Zn0.8Ni0.2N的高压同步辐射研究

 利用金刚石对顶压砧,对钙钛矿型金属锰化物Mn₃Zn_0.8Ni_0.2N进行了原位高压同步辐射角散X射线衍射研究。研究表明,在0~29.9 GPa的压力区间内,样品没有发生结构相变,因而在该压力下样品的物性变化并非由结构相变所导致。卸压以后,样品的特征峰都回到了初始位置。通过Birch-Murnaghan方程,拟合得到了样品的体弹模量为86.5 GPa。     

金属Al薄膜基微池强制沉积胶体光子晶体的制备

强制沉积法是一种利用自组装原理快速沉积胶体晶体有序阵列的模板方法. 我们利用微机械刻划法加工金属Al薄膜, Al膜厚控制微粒粒径和聚醚砜膜厚控制层数, 成功地制备了用于强制沉积光子晶体的微池装置. 为了检验该微池装置的有效性, 我们分别测试了不同粒径(224, 245和283 nm)单分散聚苯乙烯微球的沉积效果, 并且对其中一种微球(283 nm)进行了不同温度的烘干处理, 检验了烘干温度对该样品表面形貌和光子带隙中心波长的影响. 实验结果表明, 该光子晶体呈面心立方结构, 内部晶格完整, 缺陷较少, 带隙中心波长的实验值与计算值符合得较好. 此外, 烘干处理可以使构成光子晶体的微球发生微观变化, 并导致光子带隙中心波长的蓝移.