气相色谱-质谱法检测鳗鱼中三氯杀螨醇残留量

建立了固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱(SPE-GC-MS)检测鳗鱼中三氯杀螨醇残留量的分析方法。样品先用正己烷配合乙腈、水均质提取,再加入氯化钠继续均质,离心分层;取部分乙腈层溶液浓缩后过Florisil柱净化,用正己烷淋洗去除油脂,再用乙酸乙酯-正己烷(1:19, v/v)洗脱分析物;将洗脱液吹干后用正己烷溶解定容,并进行GC-MS分析。采用选择离子监测(SIM)模式检测,外标法定量。在优化的样品前处理条件和GC-MS条件下,方法的定量限(S/N=10)小于0.01 mg/kg;在加标水平为0.01～0.1 mg/kg时,回收率为91%～105%,相对标准偏差为4.3%～6.1%。该方法准确、灵敏、快速,可满足鳗鱼中三氯杀螨醇残留的检测要求。     

Variational Calculations of Neutral Bound Excitons in GaAs Quantum-Well Wires

The binding energy of an exciton bound to a neutral donor (D^0, X) in GaAs quantum-well wires is calculated variationally as a function of the wire width for different positions of the impurity inside the wire by using a two-parameter wavefunction. There is no artificial parameter added in our calculation. The results we have obtained show that the binding energies are closely correlated to the sizes of the wire, the impurity position, and also that their magnitudes are greater than those in the two-dimensional quantum wells compared. In addition, we also calculate the average interparticle distance as a function of the wire width. The results are discussed in detail.     

胍盐离子液体对Si3N4/钢摩擦副的摩擦性能

两种具有较高热稳定性的胍盐离子液体用于Si₃N₄/钢摩擦副摩擦学性能的研究,在扫描电子显微镜下观察了磨斑表面形貌,并与烷基咪唑离子液体进行对比。 用X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)分析了润滑机理。 结果表明,胍盐离子液体对Si₃N₄/钢摩擦副具有非常好的润滑作用,其承载能力强,摩擦系数小,磨痕浅。 摩擦过程中,Si₃N₄/钢摩擦副界面发生了复杂的摩擦化学反应并形成了边界润滑膜,起到减摩抗磨的作用。     

分级结构CdS QDs/BiOCl复合光催化剂的制备及其对有机污染物的降解

采用简单液相沉积法制备了分级结构Cd S QDs/Bi OCl复合光催化剂,以XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM,XPS,EDS,UV-Vis DRS,PL等测试方法分别表征了样品的物相、形貌、组成、元素含量、光吸收性能以及光电特性,并以罗丹明B(Rh B)和苯酚为模型污染物,分别在可见光和紫外光下评价Cd S QDs/Bi OCl复合光催化剂的催化性能。测试结果表明,粒径为5.5μm的Bi OCl微球由大量纳米片有序堆积而成,所负载的粒径为10~20 nm的Cd S QDs均匀分布在Bi OCl纳米片表面。与纯Bi OCl和Cd S QDs/Bi OCl相比,Cd S QDs/Bi OCl-3%表现出最佳的光催化性能,其对Rh B和苯酚的降解速率常数分别是纯Bi OCl的2.6倍和5.3倍。Cd S QDs/Bi OCl复合光催化剂性能的提高可归结于,分级结构Bi OCl有效防止了片层堆积,有助于Cd S QDs的负载,另外,Cd S QDs的负载拓展了复合光催化剂的光吸收性能,均匀分布的Cd S QDs与Bi OCl形成的异质结促进了光生电子-空穴对的有效分离。     

封闭溶样-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量金

建立了聚乙烯塑料瓶封闭水浴加热,王水溶解,以铼作内标,电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定地质样品中痕量金。结果表明,样品中的金可分解完全,节约了成本、减少了环境污染。方法经国家一级标准物质验证,结果与标准值相符。对实际样品测定的方法相对标准偏差(RSD,n=9)为4.1%～6.7%。方法检出限为0.12ng/g,方法简便快速,适用于地质样品的批量分析。     

高压联合进汽阀门三维粘性流场数值分析

本文采用多分区 ＳＩＭＰＬＥＣ算法对 ６００ ＭＷ汽轮机高压联合进汽阀门内部复杂流动进行了三维粘性数值分析。流场计算结果表明总压损失主要集中在调节阀喉口附近。调节阀阀碟前后的两股高速气流在阀碟的正上方位置相碰引起较大的掺混损失;气流经过调节阀喉口后,附面层急剧增厚,形成一层较厚的沿管壁的低总压区。计算得到的流场特性为即将开展的阀门结构优化设计提供了重要依据。     

硅硫二元团簇(SiS2)-n(n=1-5)的结构和振动光谱的量子化学研究

用密度泛函(DFT)方法研究了硅硫团簇(SiS2)-n(n=1-5)的可能几何构型,并计算了相应的振动频率,得到稳定构型的振动光谱.比较其稳定构型可得到团簇的生长规律,由此可初步预测团簇的形成机理.     

The microscopic theory for BPI and BPII of the blue phase

A statistical theory of the blue phase of chiral liquid crystal is proposed. The form of the interaction potential between molecules is assumed to be the same as that used in the theory for cholesteric phase. Using the cell model of the liquid statistical theory, we deduced the distribution function of single molecule. The free energy of the system obtained has the same form as that of the Ginzberg－Landau phenomenology theory. The order-parameter tensors of BPI and BPII phases we calculated can be compared with the experimental results.     

Hollow-core photonic quasicrystal fiber with high birefringence and ultra-low nonlinearity

A hollow-core fiber based on photonic quasicrystal arrays is theoretically proposed for high-quality light wave propagation with high polarization maintaining performance and low nonlinearity.This fiber,called hollow-core photonic quasicrystal fiber(HC-PQF),can simultaneously realize a high birefringence that reaches 1.345×10^-2 and a small nonlinear coefficient of 1.63×10^-3 W^-1·km^-1 at a communication wavelength of 1.55μm due to the air-filled core and unique quasiperiodic fiber structure.To further demonstrate the controllability of the nonlinear coefficient and the application of sensor and polarization-maintaining fiber,the nonlinearity is investigated by filling different inert gases in the fiber core while the birefringence keeps a high order of 10-2.In the wavelength rangeλ∈[1.53μm,1.57μm],the dispersion is near zero and flattened.The HC-PQF is expected to be used for applications in optical communication,high power pulse transmission,polarization beam splitters,etc.     

深海大接收深度海底混响研究

海洋混响对主动声纳工作性能的影响不可忽略,一直是水声学研究中的一个重要课题.在南海实验中获取了深海混响实验数据,包含近海底大接收深度的混响信号,其强度随时间变化存在锯齿形结构.为对混响数据进行深入分析,基于射线理论提出了一种深海海底混响模型,能够计算本地混响和异地混响强度,并可解释深海混响信号的产生过程.该模型首先对海底散射体进行网格式划分,然后根据每个网格内散射体产生混响信号的准确时间进行混响计算,对于传播路径丰富的深海环境比传统按圆环或椭圆环处理散射体的方式更加精确.在多种收发距离和接收深度条件下,将数值模拟结果与实验数据进行比较.结果表明:对于大接收深度,混响整体吻合较好;而靠近海面处的混响,二者的一致性下降.分析结果表明,使用的海底散射系数参数适用于该实验海区,同时验证了该散射系数模型对于小掠射角海底散射更加准确,对应深海大接收深度混响.