金属氧化物阳极失效过程的电化学监测

采用循环伏安和电化学阻抗谱等电化学方法对金属氧化物阳极在硫酸中的寿命加速过程进行了监测.检测了阳极伏安电量,双电层电容,氧化物膜电阻和析氧反应的电荷传递电阻等电化学参数随电解时间的变化,并提出金属氧化物阳极电解失效的机理.     

化学镀

通常,一说到镀就是指电镀。就是通上电,在导电材料上析出金属膜来。但是,在溶液中,加入金属离子和还原这种金属离子的还原剂,在不导电的材料上,也可以析出金属膜。这种镀法叫做“非电解镀”或“化学镀”。利用这种方法,可以在各种各样的材料上,镀上金属膜。     

EFFECT OF ATOMIC HYDROGEN ON THE ACETYLENE-ADSORBED Si(100)(2×1) SURFACE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE

High resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy, low energy electron diffraction and quadrupole maas spectrometer (QMS) have been employed to study the effect of atomic hydrogen on the acetylene-saturated pre-adsorbed Si(100)(2×1) surface and the surface phase transition at room temperature. It is evident that the atomic hydrogen has a strong effect on the adsorbed C₂H₂ and the underlying surface structure of Si. The experimental results show that CH and CH₂ radicals co-exist on the Si surface after the dosing of atomic hydrogen; meanwhile, the surface structure changes from Si(100)(2×1) to a dominant of (1×1). These results indicate that the atomic hydrogen can open C=C double bonds and change them into C-C single bonds, transfer the adsorbed C₂H₂ to C₂H_x(x = 3,4) and break the underlying Si-Si dimer, but it cannot break the C-C bond intensively. The QMS results show that some C₄ species axe formed during the dosing of atomic hydrogen. It may be the result of atomic hydrogen abstraction from C₂H_x which leads to carbon catenation between two adjacent C-C directs. The C₄ species formed are stable on Si(100) surfaces up to 1100 K, and can be regarded as the potential host of diamond nucleation.     

酰氨基硫脲及有关的杂环衍生物的研究 I:1-氰乙酰基-4-芳基氨基硫脲及有关的杂环衍生物的合成

合成了九个1-氰乙酰基-4-芳基氨基硫脲类化合物和四个3-氰甲基-4-芳基-1,2,4-三唑啉与硫酮类化合物和四个2-苯基氨基-5-取代-1,3-噻二唑类化合物.并初步研究了这些化合物的抗结核菌活性和植物生长促进作用.     

GROWTH MODEL OF TEXTURED DIAMOND (111) FILM IN CH4/O2/H2 ATMOSPHERE

Partially oriented and highly textured diamond films on Si( 111 ) substrates were achieved by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition(HFCVD). High nucleation density greater than 5×10⁸cm^-2 was realiged in 3 min by near-surface glow discharge. The os-grown films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that by adding a small amount of oxygen to the mixture of CH₄/H₂, the appearance of facet(111) was well controlled, and the secondary nucleation on the facet(111) was suppressed greatly. Growth feature of homoepitaxy on diamond (111) surface was demonstrated to be in Stranski-Krastanov model by SEM.     

GROWTH MODEL OF TEXTURED DIAMOND (111) FILM IN CH4/O2/H2 ATMOSPHERE

Partially oriented and highly textured diamond films on Si( 111 ) substrates were achieved by hot-filament chemical vapor deposition(HFCVD). High nucleation density greater than 5×10⁸cm^-2 was realiged in 3 min by near-surface glow discharge. The os-grown films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that by adding a small amount of oxygen to the mixture of CH₄/H₂, the appearance of facet(111) was well controlled, and the secondary nucleation on the facet(111) was suppressed greatly. Growth feature of homoepitaxy on diamond (111) surface was demonstrated to be in Stranski-Krastanov model by SEM.     

基于傅里叶成像网络的全息粒子成像技术研究

数字全息图重建可以获得物体的三维信息,在医疗、环保、化工等需要测量颗粒大小和三维信息的相关研究有着重要的科学意义和使用价值。粒子全息定位通常有计算复杂和重建精度不足等问题,为了解决相关问题,我们采用一种基于傅里叶成像网络的方法,利用傅里叶变换的特性,能够有效提取全息图的频率特征,结合深度学习技术,通过可学习的滤波器和全局感受野处理输入数据的空间频率,实现对全息图快速和准确的处理,不仅提高了数据处理效率,还具备了更强大的特征提取能力,从而实现对粒子的精确定位。本文通过实验和仿真两方面验证,并与Dense＿U＿net网络对比。结果显示,基于傅里叶成像网络的方法在定位精度和速度上都有显著的提升。并通过实验验证了该方法可行性。     

2D/3D ZnIn2S4/TiO2复合物的原位构筑及其提高的光催化性能

通过高温煅烧和油浴的方法构筑二维/三维(2D/3D) ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂异质结, 应用于光催化降解罗丹明B (RhB)和四环素(TC), 来研究异质结的构筑对TiO₂可见光响应范围和光生载流子对分离效率的影响. 结果表明, TiO₂维持了MOFs的形貌, 显示窄的可见光响应范围和高的光生电荷复合率, 与ZnIn₂S₄纳米片复合后, TiO₂的比表面积增大, 光催化活性位点增多. 带隙宽度也由TiO₂的3.23 eV减小到ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂-II的2.52 eV, 从而获得了更宽的可见光响应范围. 能带结构表明ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂是type II型异质结, 提高了光生载流子对的分离与转移效率. 在可见光照射下, ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂-II显示了最高的RhB光催化降解效率(93%), 分别是TiO₂和ZnIn₂S₄的18和2倍. 同时, ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂-II也显示出比TiO₂和ZnIn₂S₄更高的TC降解效率(90%). 循环实验表明ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂-II能保持良好的稳定性, 经5次循环实验后仍能降解83%的RhB. 研究表明基于MOFs衍生的TiO₂构筑2D/3D ZnIn₂S₄/TiO₂异质结是提高TiO₂光催化性能的一条有效途径.     

红外光谱研究Pt-Re/Al2O3重整催化剂的表面结构

CO和NO吸附或两者竞争吸附在Pt／Al2O3，Re／Al2O3和Pt－Re／Al2O3催化剂上的红外光谱可以给出Pt和Re的表面结构信息．本文研究的催化剂为低金属载量的Pt／Al2O3，Re／Al2O3和工业型Pt－Re／Al2O3，其中Pt含量0．22％，Re含量0．43％（质量分数）．实验结果表明，用NO与CO双分子竞争吸附的红外光谱实验方法可分别表征还原态Pt－Re／Al2O3重整催化剂上Pt表面和Re表面，并视需要可对Pt表面和Re表面进行半定量分析．在还原态工业型Pt－Re／Al2O3重整催化剂表面上，没有明显迹象表明有Pt－Re合金形成．     

茶叶中微量Mo（VI）的测定及其意义

用催化光度法测定了23个茶叶样品中数量Mo(Ⅵ)的含量．结果表明，茶叶中Mo的高低与茶叶品质有一定的关联．