Catalytic effects of six inorganic compounds on pyrolysis of three kinds of biomass

Six inorganic compounds, i.e., Na₂CO₃, NaOH, NaCl, Na₂SiO₃, TiO₂ and HZSM-5, have been investigated with regard to their catalytic effects on pyrolysis of three biomass species, i.e., pine wood, cotton stalk and fir wood by thermal analysis experiments. The results show that Na₂CO₃, NaOH, Na₂SiO₃ and NaCl made devolatilization occur at lower temperature regions in the pyrolysis of the three kinds of biomass, whereas TiO₂ and HZSM-5 made that occur at higher temperature regions in the pyrolysis of cotton stalk and had no obvious effects on pyrolysis temperatures of pine wood and fir wood. The basic catalysts NaOH, Na₂CO₃ and Na₂SiO₃ decreased the maximum weight loss rates while NaCl and HZSM-5 increased them and TiO₂ had no obvious effects on them. The four sodium compounds made pyrolysis of the three kinds of biomass more exothermic, which might be due to more char formation, whereas TiO₂ and HZSM-5 had minor effects on reaction heat. The catalytic effects in all aspects were roughly correlated with one another and their relationship with the basicity and acidity of the catalysts were preliminarily described and analyzed.     

高效液相色谱-光电二极管阵列检测法测定柴油中芳烃的类型

在采用美国试验与材料学会(ASTM) D6591标准方法测定柴油芳烃含量的过程中,通过光电二极管阵列检测器(PDAD)检测得到的色谱保留时间值及光谱特征吸收曲线,观察柴油中各类芳烃在极性氨基柱上的分离情况;用PDAD检测器考察了根据ASTM D6591确定的反冲洗时间点B对分析结果的影响,结果发现其允许的变化范围为B±0.2 min。在单环芳烃和双环芳烃分界不明显时,用PDAD检测器可以确定其切割点。     

某些氨基取代环戊二烯配合物催化1,5-己二烯的高选择性环化

We have interested for some years in studying organic reactions catalyzed by (RCp)2TiCl2/i-C3H7MgX, specially isomerization of non-conjugated dienes[1,2]. Titanocene complexes are also effective for some cyclization reactions[3]. In the case of isomerization of 1,5-hexadiene (HD), such catalysts usually result in a mixture of 1,4-hexadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 2,4-hexadiene, methylenecyclopentane and methylcyclopentene. Our previous results showed that the product distribution largely depends on the characteristics of the substituents on cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ring[2].     

Basic Parameters of Asymmetrical Coplanar Striplines with Multilayer Substrates and Overlays

In this paper, asymmetrical coplanar striplines (ACPS) with multilayer substrates and overlays are analyzed using conformal mapping method. Analytic closed-form expressions for the basic parameters are obtained. The analyses are useful for monolithic microwave integrated circuits and integrated optical application.     

聚氨酯橡胶超弹性本构模型拟合效果评估

对聚氨酯橡胶进行了单轴拉伸、单轴压缩和平面拉伸试验,采用常用的超弹性本构模型拟合试验数据,并基于拟合优度、拟合曲线与试验曲线相似性、相对偏差三方面,对拟合效果进行评估．结果表明：采用拟合优度评估,能从总体上反映超弹性本构模型对试验数据的拟合效果,采用拟合曲线与试验数据相似性的对比进行评估,能直观反映超弹性本构模型对试验数据的拟合效果,若同时考虑相对偏差,则可以反映超弹性本构模型与试验数据之间的相对偏差量,更为准确地对超弹性本构模型的拟合效果进行评估．     

Advances in Artificial Layers for Stable Lithium Metal Anodes

Lithium (Li) metal is considered as the most promising anode material for rechargeable high-energy batteries. Nevertheless, the practical implement of Li anodes is significantly hindered by the growth of Li dendrites, which can cause severe safety issues. To inhibit the formation of Li dendrites, coating an artificial layer on the Li metal anode has been shown to be a facile and effective approach. This review mainly focuses on recent advances in artificial layers for stable Li metal anodes. It summarizes the progress in this area and discusses the different types of artificial layers according to their mechanisms for Li dendrite inhibition, including regulation of uniform deposition of Li metal and suppression of Li dendrite growth. By doing this, it is hoped that this contribution will provide instructional guidance for the future design of new artificial layers.     

High Performance Composite Photocatalysts based on Metal Organic Framework as the Modifier

Photocatalysis attracts increasing attention because of the deteriorating environment pollution. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) is deemed as one kind of promising modifiers to improve the photocatalytic performance of traditional semiconductors by their large BET areas. In this study, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) and Cu-BTC are utilized to decorate TiO₂ to enhance the corresponding photoactivity. Morphology of the as-prepared composite is detected by SEM and XRD curve, while the UV- and visible-light activities are estimated by the decomposition of various dyes. The specific functions of Cu-BTC and RGO are revealed by analysing the adsorption capacity, lifetime of the photoinduced electrons and the EPR profiles. The resulting Cu-BTC-RGO/TiO₂ samples display outstanding photocatalytic properties, which are much better than that of the pure TiO₂ and RGO/TiO₂ samples because of the synergy between these components. Lastly, the recycle using stability and the influence from the preparation process of the composite photocatalysts are discussed.     

Recent Advances in Continuous-Flow Enantioselective Catalysis

The increased demand for more efficient, safe, and green production in fine chemical and pharmaceutical industry calls for the development of continuous-flow manufacturing, and for chiral chemicals in particular, enantioselective catalytic processes. In recent years, this emerging direction has received considerable attention and has seen rapid progress. In most cases, catalytic enantioselective flow processes using homogeneous, heterogeneous, or enzymatic catalysts have shown significant advantages over the conventional batch mode, such as shortened reaction times, lower catalysts loadings, and higher selectivities in addition to the normal merits of non-enantioselective flow operations. In this Minireview, the advancements, key strategies, methods, and technologies developed the last six years as well as remaining challenges are summarized.     

Pomelo peel-derived porous carbon as excellent LiPS anchor in lithium-sulfur batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Lithium-sulfur batteries are of significant roles in the next-generation energy storage devices due to the high theoretical capacity and energy density....     

CMOS反相器的电磁干扰频率效应

利用自主开发的2维半导体器件-电路联合仿真器,研究了CMOS反相器在1 MHz～20 GHz电磁干扰作用下的响应。仿真结果表明:低频电磁干扰通过控制CMOS反相器中MOS管的导通、截止影响CMOS反相器的正常工作;高频电磁干扰通过MOS管中的本征电容耦合到输出端,干扰CMOS反相器的工作状态;CMOS反相器对于电磁干扰的敏感度随着干扰频率上升而不断降低。