工件带到达时间的两阶段柔性流水作业的近似算法

研究了工件带到时间的两阶段柔性流水作业的排序问题,基于求解流水作业和平行机问题的算法思想,提出两个相应的近似算法H(R)和H(MR(?)),证明了这两个算法的最坏情况性能比分别为3-1/m和2/5-1/m,讨论了界的紧性,并利用数值模拟以分析算法与最优值的近似性能比.     

Poly(phenylene vinylene)‐based copolymers containing 3,7‐phenothiazylene and 2,6‐pyridylene chromophores: Fluorescence sensors for acids,metal ions,and oxidation

A novel copolymer, poly(N‐hexyl‐3,7‐phenothiazylene‐1,2‐ethenylene‐2,6‐pyridylene‐1,2‐ethenylene) ( P3 ), containing N‐hexyl‐3,7‐phenothiazylene and 2,6‐pyridylene chromophores was synthesized to investigate the effect of protonation, metal complexation, and chemical oxidation on its absorption and photoluminescence (PL). Poly(N‐hexyl‐3,8‐iminodibenzyl‐1,2‐ethenylene‐1,3‐phenylene‐1,2‐ethenylene) and poly(N‐hexyl‐3,7‐phenothiazylene‐1,2‐ethenylene‐1,3‐phenylene‐1,2‐ethenylene) ( P2 ), consisting of 1,3‐divinylbenzene alternated with N‐hexyl‐3,8‐iminodibenzyl and N‐hexyl‐3,7‐phenothiazylene, respectively, were also prepared for comparison. Electrochemical investigations revealed that P3 exhibited lower band gaps (2.34 eV) due to alternating donor and acceptor conjugated units (push–pull structure). The absorption and PL spectral variations of P3 were easily manipulated by protonation, metal chelation, and chemical oxidation. P3 displayed significant bathochromic shifts when protonated with trifluoroacetic acid in chloroform. The complexation of P3 with Fe³⁺ led to a significant absorption change and fluorescence quenching, and this implied the coordination of ferric ions with the 2,6‐pyridylene groups in the backbone. Moreover, both phenothiazylene‐containing P2 and P3 showed conspicuous PL quenching with a slight redshift when oxidized with NOBF₄. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 1272–1284, 2004     

复制缺陷型人泡沫病毒载体辅助质粒pΔGP的构建及转染小肠癌细胞的研究

在人泡沫病毒原病毒全长克隆pHRSV13的基础上,缺失突变gag和pol基因,并且用SV40polyA加尾信号替代人泡沫病毒的3′LTR,构建辅助质粒pΔGP.将复制缺陷型人泡沫病毒载体质粒pGPSNI EGFP和辅助质粒pΔGP分别转染和共转染小肠癌HIC细胞系,荧光显微镜检测发现共转染pGPSNI EGFP和pΔGP的HIC细胞能够强烈表达绿色荧光蛋白,转染有复制缺陷型人泡沫病毒载体质粒pGPSNI EGFP的HIC细胞能够表达少量的绿色荧光蛋白,而转染有辅助载体pΔGP的HIC细胞不表达绿色荧光.结果证明复制缺陷型人泡沫病毒载体的构建成功,表明人泡沫病毒env基因3′端的内部启动子IP具有弱启动子的活性,并且bel基因产生的调控蛋白能够反式激活人泡沫病毒内部启动子IP和5′LTR的启动子.     

应变Si1-xGex层中p型杂质电离常温和低温特性

本文采用解析的方法计算了应变Si1-xGex层中p型杂质电离度与Ge组分x、温度T以及掺杂浓度N的关系.发现常温时,在同一Ge组分下,随着掺杂浓度的升高,杂质的电离度的先变小,而后又迅速上升到1.在同一掺杂浓度下,轻掺杂时,杂质的电离度随Ge组分的增加先变大,而后几乎不变;重掺杂时,杂质电离能变为0后,杂质电离度为1.低温下,轻掺杂时,载流子低温冻析效应较为明显,杂质的电离度普遍较小,当掺杂浓度大于Mott转换点时,载流子冻析效应不再明显,电离率迅速上升到1.在同一Ge组分下,随着掺杂浓度的升高,杂质的电离度先变小,后变大,而后又迅速上升到1.在同一掺杂浓度下,轻掺杂时,杂质的电离度随Ge组分的增加变大;重掺杂时,杂质电离能变为0后,杂质电离度为1.     

17N+197Au反应中碎片与中子的符合测量

在3?3?.4MeV/u ¹⁷N束轰击¹⁹⁷Au靶产生的反应中,利用放置于不同角度组合的17个中子探测器(4°—83°)和14个半导体望远镜(2.3°—9.0°)对反应产物碎片与中子进行了符合测量.经对所得实验角分布积分得到Z=3—6元素的同位素产额分布.在参加者-旁观者模型框架下,采用¹⁷N原子核内部的不同密度分布计算了同位素产额分布并与实验数据做比较.     

2‐Cyanoprop‐2‐yl dithiobenzoate mediated reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer polymerization of acrylonitrile targeting a polymer with a higher molecular weight

The reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) mediated by 2‐cyanoprop‐2‐yl dithiobenzoate was first applied to synthesize polyacrylonitrile (PAN) with a high molecular weight up to 32,800 and a polydispersity index as low as 1.29. The key to success was ascribed to the optimization of the experimental conditions to increase the fragmentation reaction efficiency of the intermediate radical. In accordance with the atom transfer radical polymerization of AN, ethylene carbonate was also a better solvent candidate for providing higher controlled/living RAFT polymerization behaviors than dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide. The various experimental parameters, including the temperature, the molar ratio of dithiobenzoate to the initiator, the molar ratio of the monomer to dithiobenzoate, the monomer concentration, and the addition of the comonomer, were varied to improve the control of the molecular weight and polydispersity index. The molecular weights of PANs were validated by gel permeation chromatography along with a universal calibration procedure and intrinsic viscosity measurements. ¹H NMR analysis confirmed the high chain‐end functionality of the resultant polymers. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 1272–1281, 2007     

热等离子体裂解天然气制备C2烃

采用氮气热等离子体来裂解天然气制备乙炔乙烯,着重研究了天然气转化率和乙炔、乙烯收率随氮气流量和天然气流量的变化.结果表明,天然气流量与氮气流量之比为11时,可得到较好的结果.当等离子体功率为15kW、天然气流量为3Nm3*h-1、氮气流量为3Nm3*h-1时得到最好的结果.这时天然气转化率为57%,乙炔、乙烯的收率分别为34%和9%;乙炔在反应气中的体积浓度为7.5%,与部分氧化法相似;扣除不参加反应的氮气,乙炔在气相产品中的体积浓度为13.2%,与热力学平衡计算结果基本符合.     

纳米WO3的制备及其光解水析氧性能研究

用溶胶凝胶法,灼烧法合成了纳米级WO3,采用X-射线衍射、紫外可见漫反射光谱对WO3进行表征.在Fe3 为电子受体、溶液酸度pH为2.0情况下,研究了纳米级WO3在365nm紫外辐射下光解水析氧的光催化活性,并讨论了不同方法制备的催化剂活性差异的原因.结果表明,结晶程度越高、尺寸越小、比表面积越大的纳米级WO3具有更高的光分解水析氧活性,电子受体的浓度、溶液的酸度对析氧活性有明显的影响.