Flow linear dichroism to probe binding of aromatic molecules and DNA to single-walled carbon nanotubes

Structures of carbon nanotube/ligand complexes were studied by flow linear dichroism (the differential absorption of light polarized parallel and perpendicular to the flow orientation direction) with the aim of establishing linear dichroism as a technique to study such systems. Anthracene, naphthalene, and DNA were chosen as ligands, and the potential for flow linear dichroism to probe ligands noncovalently (as well as covalently) bound to single-walled nanotubes is reported. Linear dichroism enables the determination of approximate orientations of the ligands on the carbon nanotubes.     

Determination of mimosine by a sensitive indirect spectrophotometric method

A simple and sensitive indirect spectrophotometric method is described for the determination of mimosine based on its reaction with diazotized sulfanilamide (DZSAM). DZSAM couples with N-(1-naphthyl)ethylenediamine (NEDA) forming a pink colored azodye, absorbing maximally at 540 nm (ε_max=27 mM⁻¹ cm⁻¹). In the present method, mimosine was first reacted with known excess of DZSAM and the unreacted DZSAM was determined by coupling with NEDA. The reaction of mimosine with DZSAM proceeded optimally at neutral pH. The decrease in absorbance of the DZSAM-NEDA-coupled product obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 0.005-0.15 μg ml⁻¹ of mimosine. The present method was applied to estimate mimosine in plant extracts containing lesser than 0.05 μg ml⁻¹ with recovery at 99±0.41%. The method described is superior to other reported methods in terms of ease of adaptability and sensitivity.     

Efficient asymmetric synthesis of the vasopeptidase inhibitor BMS-189921

[reaction: see text] An efficient asymmetric synthesis of the vasopeptidase inhibitor BMS-189921 was accomplished. Two short enantioselective syntheses of the common key intermediate (S)-alpha-aminoazepinone 6b were developed. Olefin 3 was converted to 6b via asymmetric hydrogenation. Alternatively, enyne 12 was converted to racemic alpha-aminoazepinone 15b, which was transformed to 6b by a practical dynamic resolution.     

Microwave Activated Solid Support Synthesis of New Antibacterial Quinolones

 A novel synthesis of 6-fluoro-7-(5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol/oxadiazol-2-yl-sulfanyl)-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acids from 7-chloro-6-fluoro-4-quinolone-3-carboxylic acid and 5-substituted 1,3,4-thiadiazoles/oxadiazoles on basic alumina under microwave activation is described. All compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against B. lichenformis, 2689, K. aerogens 2281, S. typhimurium 2501, E. herbicola 2491, and P. vulgaris 2027 and found to possess activities comparable to that of the standard drug norfloxacin.     

Electrooxidation of Chlorpromazine in Aqueous and Micellar Media and Spectroscopic Studies of the Derived Cationic Free Radical and Dication Species

Summary.  The electrochemical behaviour of chlorpromazine has been examined in phosphate buffers in aqueous as well as micellar media at a pyrolytic graphite electrode surface. Two oxidation peaks were obtained in linear sweep voltammetry of chlorpromazine. The first peak corresponds to the formation of the cationic free radical, which on further 1e⁻-oxidation gives a dication. The spectroscopic changes and kinetics of the cationic free radical and dication species generated during electrooxidation of chlorpromazine were investigated in both media. The decay of the dication was studied chronoamperometrically and was found to follow first-order kinetics with a half-life of ∼25 ms. Surfactants affect both E _p and i _p values. The anionic surfactant SDS has been found to catalyze the reaction of the free radical cation and the dication.     

Electric field gradient in nanostructured SnO2 studied by means of PAC spectroscopy using 111Cd or 181Ta as probe nuclei

Electric quadrupole interactions were studied in pure and Mn-doped powder samples and thin films of SnO₂ using perturbed γγ angular correlation spectroscopy (PAC). The powder samples were prepared by Sol gel method and the thin film were prepared on the Si (100) substrate by sputtering technique using Sn in the oxygen atmosphere. The samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The thickness of the film was 100 nm. The average particle size of the SnO₂ powder samples was determined to be smaller than 60 nm. The radioactive ¹¹¹In and ¹⁸¹Hf tracers were introduced in the powder samples during the sol gel chemical process. Radioactive ¹¹¹In was implanted on the SnO₂ thin films using the University of Bonn ion implanter (BONIS). PAC measurements were carried out in a four BaF₂ detector spectrometer in the temperature range of 77–973 K for samples annealed at different temperatures. The PAC results for both nuclear probes show the presence of two electric quadrupole interactions. The major fractions in both cases correspond to the substitutional sites in the rutile phase of SnO₂. The results are compared with previous PAC measurements.     

Enhanced rate of intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition and rapid synthesis of isoxazoles and isoxazolines

Abstract  

An enhanced rate of intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition and hence a rapid synthesis of isoxazoles and isoxazolines is described. Formation of nitrile oxides from oximes using only 1 or 2 Eq (equivalents) of aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution is also described.