全文获取类型
收费全文 | 32650篇 |
免费 | 6312篇 |
国内免费 | 10518篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 25279篇 |
晶体学 | 1214篇 |
力学 | 2056篇 |
综合类 | 1026篇 |
数学 | 4676篇 |
物理学 | 15229篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 66篇 |
2023年 | 407篇 |
2022年 | 1116篇 |
2021年 | 1236篇 |
2020年 | 1226篇 |
2019年 | 1188篇 |
2018年 | 1124篇 |
2017年 | 1489篇 |
2016年 | 1340篇 |
2015年 | 1729篇 |
2014年 | 2088篇 |
2013年 | 2734篇 |
2012年 | 2825篇 |
2011年 | 3015篇 |
2010年 | 2795篇 |
2009年 | 2875篇 |
2008年 | 3052篇 |
2007年 | 2857篇 |
2006年 | 2721篇 |
2005年 | 2352篇 |
2004年 | 1803篇 |
2003年 | 1280篇 |
2002年 | 1309篇 |
2001年 | 1289篇 |
2000年 | 1278篇 |
1999年 | 769篇 |
1998年 | 480篇 |
1997年 | 392篇 |
1996年 | 356篇 |
1995年 | 314篇 |
1994年 | 328篇 |
1993年 | 275篇 |
1992年 | 243篇 |
1991年 | 157篇 |
1990年 | 152篇 |
1989年 | 165篇 |
1988年 | 97篇 |
1987年 | 89篇 |
1986年 | 83篇 |
1985年 | 56篇 |
1984年 | 59篇 |
1983年 | 42篇 |
1982年 | 40篇 |
1981年 | 40篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 11篇 |
1965年 | 11篇 |
1959年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 758 毫秒
91.
令H是有限维Hopf代数,A是左H-模代数。本文证明了A是Gorenstein代数的充分必要条件。A^H也是Gorenstein代数的条件。它是Enochs EE,GarciaJJ和del RioA关于群作用相应的理论的推广,同时给出A/A^H是Frobenius扩张的条件。 相似文献
92.
93.
用于强磁场的快响应真空规的研制进展 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
研制了能在强磁场、强干扰环境下工作的快响应真空电离规(快规),用于对HL 2A装置偏滤器室和等离子体附近的中性粒子密度和通量进行原位测量。介绍了快规的结构、工作原理、设计要点以及实验结果。在无磁场的情况下,快规对气体压强的测量范围为6.4×10-6~0.15Pa,在1×10-5~0.15Pa范围内,快规收集极离子流与发射电子流之比与气压保持良好线性关系;在0 15T的磁场下,快规的规管常数未发生显著变化,在规管对称轴与磁力线的夹角小于15o时,规管常数的变化小于10%。 相似文献
94.
Based on the algebraic entanglement measure proposed [G. Vidal et al., Phys. Rev. A 65 (2002) 032314],we study the entanglement evolution of both pure quantum states and mixed ones of 2-qutrit system in a symmetrybroken environment consisting of a fermionic bath. Entanglement of states will decrease or remain constant under the influence of environment, and the class of states which remain unchanged has been found out. 相似文献
95.
Xiao Qi ZHENG Yong Hui WANG Qing Xiang GUO* Li YANG You Cheng LIU Department of Chemistry University of Science Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Lanzhou 《中国化学快报》2003,(8)
As artificial enzymes, the binding constants of cyclodextrins (CDs) and their substrates are expected to be high1. For this purpose, many kinds of bridged cyclodextrin dimers2 whose two cyclodextrins are linked by various spacers have been constructed. It was of interest to make the dimers, whose binding constants would exceed 108dm3/mol3. Up to date, the bridged cyclodextrin dimers have been extensively studied as enzyme models and as molecular receptors4-6. Recently, we synthesized a brid… 相似文献
96.
三苯甲基自由基及其二聚体稳定性的理论研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用量子化学AM1 MO方法优化了三苯甲基自由基及其两种二聚体的构型,并计算了反应物和二聚物的生成焓、活化能以及它们的电荷布居,计算结果表明,三苯甲基自由基是一种较稳定的自由基,在这个自由基中存在明显的共轭效应,分子中电子云呈平均化分布.它的二聚体1,4—环己二烯衍生物分子中的5个苯基排布在环己二烯环平面的两端,明显降低了苯基之间的空间排斥力,使二聚物—环己二烯衍生物分子的稳定性大大高于六苯乙烷.因此,三苯甲基自由基的二聚体是1,4—环己二烯衍生物而不是六苯基乙烷,得到了与实验事实一致的结果。 相似文献
97.
98.
Jie Da Thieo E. Hogen‐Esch 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(2):360-373
The synthesis is reported of copolymers of N,N‐dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and methacrylates containing 2,2′‐dihydroperfluorodecanoyl (RF) groups separated from the methacrylate by long polyethylene glycol (PEG) tether groups (between 1000 and 14,000 Da). At concentrations of between 1 and 8 wt % the copolymers with macromonomer contents of 1 mol % or less give gels in organic solvents such as dioxane, THF, or methanol, as well as in water. Given the low molecular weights, this indicates very efficient association of very low numbers of RF groups. Association and gel formation is enormously enhanced in the presence of longer PEG tethers. This is consistent with smaller poly(N,N,‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) intermolecular excluded volume effects that are mediated by the longer PEG tethers and possibly by the incompatibility of PEG and PDMA that may lead to the formation of PEG microdomains. This increases the local concentrations of the RF groups in the PEO domains that are not diluted by the PDMA chains, as would be the case in the absence of PEG tethers. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 360–373, 2004 相似文献
99.
Study on the Superhydrophilicity of the SiO2-TiO2 Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Method at Room Temperature 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dasen Ren Xiaoli Cui Jie Shen Qun Zhang Xiliang Yang Zhuangjian Zhang Lu Ming 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2004,29(3):131-136
Nanoscale SiO2-TiO2 composite thin films with the thickness of about 100 nm were prepared by sol-gel method at room temperature in air. The chemical states of the elements on the surface and near the surface were measured by XPS. The results showed that the Ti on/near the surface of the thin films existed not only as TiO2 but also as Ti2O3. Part of the TiO2 was changed to Ti2O3 after UV irradiation. The crystalline structure of the TiO2 in the SiO2-TiO2 thin films was anatase with the crystallite size of 14–20 nm. It was found that the thin film prepared at room temperature in air has good superhydrophilic property and has strong adherence to the substrate. 相似文献
100.
Behavior of cellulose in NaOH/Urea aqueous solution characterized by light scattering and viscometry
Cellulose was dissolved in 6 wt % NaOH/4 wt % urea aqueous solution, which was proven by a 13C NMR spectrum to be a direct solvent of cellulose rather than a derivative aqueous solution system. Dilute solution behavior of cellulose in a NaOH/urea aqueous solution system was examined by laser light scattering and viscometry. The Mark–Houwink equation for cellulose in 6 wt % NaOH/4 wt % urea aqueous solution at 25 °C was [η] = 2.45 × 10?2 weight‐average molecular weight (Mw)0.815 (mL g?1) in the Mw region from 3.2 × 104 to 12.9 × 104. The persistence length (q), molar mass per unit contour length (ML), and characteristic ratio (C∞) of cellulose in the dilute solution were 6.0 nm, 350 nm?1, and 20.9, respectively, which agreed with the Yamakawa–Fujii theory of the wormlike chain. The results indicated that the cellulose molecules exist as semiflexible chains in the aqueous solution and were more extended than in cadoxen. This work provided a novel, simple, and nonpollution solvent system that can be used to investigate the dilute solution properties and molecular weight of cellulose. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 347–353, 2004 相似文献