Partially coherent Airy beam and its propagation in turbulent media

The properties of partially coherent Airy beam propagating in turbulent media are investigated. Firstly the variations in the intensity profile and the location of the Airy beam peak with respect to dislocation and width parameters are examined. On the source plane, it is shown that there is a threshold value of the dislocation parameter which determines whether the beam peak will lie on the negative or positive side of the axis. The changes in source beam power and source beam size with respect to dislocation and width parameters are also examined. Then analysis is made for partially coherent Airy beam propagating in turbulence against variations in propagation distance, dislocation and width parameters, structure constant and partial coherence. It is found that the peak of the Airy beam will always shift to the right for increasing propagation distance. But this shift will become less as the dislocation and width parameters are increased. Finally it is shown that higher levels of turbulence and partial coherence will lead to more spreading and shift the beam peak more toward the on-axis position.     

On linear combinations of special values of L-functions

Using a specific evaluation method for L-functions, it is shown that character values and weighted averages of Gauss sums can be well approximated by linear combinations of the algebraic parts of special values of L-functions under correct parity conditions. This is a surprising universal property of these special values since the coefficients of the resulting combinations turn out to be independent of the character but its parity.     

Water Soluble Benzimidazole Containing Ionic Palladium(II) Complex for Rapid Microwave‐Assisted Suzuki Reaction of Aryl Chlorides

In this paper a water soluble benzimidazole – Pd complex used for Suzuki reaction under conventional heating and microwave heating. To increase the activity of complex, ionic group change with bulky TBA⁺ and Bmim⁺ groups. To determine whether the reaction is homogeneous or heterogeneous, Hg(0) poisoning tests, hot filtration tests and CS₂ poisoning tests were performed.     

Electrical properties of triple-doped bismuth oxide electrolyte for solid oxide fuel cells

In this study, the quaternary solid solutions of (Bi₂O₃)_(0.8?x)(Tb₄O₇)_0.1(Ho₂O₃)_0.1(Dy₂O₃)_x (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20) as an electrolyte were synthesized for solid oxide fuel cells by the technique of solid-state synthesis.

The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, differential thermal analysis/thermal gravimetry and the four-point probe technique (4PPT). The total electrical conductivity is measured on the temperature and the doped concentration by 4PPT.

All samples have been obtained as the δ-phase. According to the measurements of the 4PPT, the electrical conductivities of the samples increase with the temperature but decrease with the amount of doping rate. The value of the highest conductivity (σ) is found as 1.02?×?10^?1 S cm^?1 for the system of (Bi₂O₃)_0.75(Tb₄O₇)_0.1(Ho₂O₃)_0.1(Dy₂O₃)_0.05 at 850 °C. The thermal gravimetry (TG) curve shows that there is no mass loss of sample during the measurement. The analyses of differential thermal reveal that there are neither endothermic peaks nor exothermic peaks during the heating and cooling cycles (ranging from 30 to 1000 °C).     

Highly Active Cobalt Sulfide/Carbon Nanotube Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution at Soft Interfaces

Hydrogen evolution at polarized liquid–liquid interfaces [water/1,2‐dichloroethane (DCE)] by the electron donor decamethylferrocene (DMFc) is catalyzed efficiently by the fabricated cobalt sulfide (CoS) nanoparticles and nanocomposites of CoS nanoparticles formed on multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (CoS/CNT). The suspended CoS/CNT nanocomposite catalysts at the interface show a higher catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) than the CoS nanoparticles due to the high dispersity and conductivity of the CNT materials, which can serve as the main charge transport pathways for the injection of electrons to attain the catalytic sites of the nanoparticles. The reaction rate increased more than 1000‐fold and 300‐fold by using CoS/CNT and CoS catalysts, respectively, when compared to a non‐catalyzed reaction.     

Modeling the Dynamics and Kinematics of a Telescopic Rotary Crane by the Bond Graph Method: Part I

Cranes employed for load transfer are large volume machines and canbe designed to accomplish linear, planar or spatial motions dependingon the intended use. Understanding the dynamic behavior of thesesystems, which have a load-carrying capacity of hundreds of tonnes, ishighly noteworthy for system design, control, and work safety. Inthis study, a theoretical model of a spatially actuated telescopic rotarycrane is obtained with provided assumptions using Bond Graph techniques.Following the modeling of an actuation system and of a main structure,unification of these two is accomplished. Since the overall system consistsof high nonlinearity originating from geometric nonlinearity, gyroscopicforces, hydraulic compressibility, and elastic boom structure, the resultingderivative causality problem caused by rigidly coupled inertia elementsis addressed for this highly nonlinear system and consequential systemstate-space equations are presented.     

Reformulation of electromagnetic and gravito-electromagnetic equations for Lorentz system with octonion algebra

In this paper, the real, complex octonion algebra and their properties are defined. The electromagnetic and gravito-electromagnetic equations with monopoles in terms of S and $\hbox {S}^{\prime }$ reference systems are presented in vector notations. Additionally, the duality transformations of gravito-electromagnetic situation for two reference systems are also represented. Besides, it is explained that Maxwell-like equations for gravito-electromagnetism are also invariant under Lorentz transformations. By introducing complex octonionic differential operator, a new generalized complex octonionic field term consisting of electromagnetic and gravito-electromagnetic components has been firstly suggested for Lorentz system. Afterwards, a complex octonionic source equation is obtained as in basic way, more compact and elegant notation. By defining a new complex octonionic general potential term, the field equation is attained once again. The components of complex octonionic field and wave equations are written in detailed for S and $\hbox {S}^{\prime }$ reference systems.     

The ground-state magnetic moments of odd-mass Hf isotopes

In this paper the Quasiparticle-Phonon Nuclear Model (QPNM), based on QRPA (Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation) phonons, has been utilized to investigate spin polarization effects on the groundstate magnetic properties such as intrinsic magnetic moment (g _K ) and effective spin gyromagnetic factor (g _s ^eff. ) of odd-mass deformed ^165–179Hf isotopes with K > 1/2. Investigations of the spin polarization effects of the even core on the magnetic moments show that the spin gyromagnetic factors (g _s ) of the nucleons in the nucleus differ noticeably from the corresponding values for free nucleons and that the spin-spin interactions play an important role in the re-normalization of g _s factors of the odd-mass ^165–179Hf isotopes. In addition, some theoretical predictions are presented for the magnetic moments of ¹⁶⁵Hf, ¹⁶⁷Hf, and ¹⁶⁹Hf, whose ground state magnetic moments haven’t been experimentally determined yet.     

Series representations in the spirit of Ramanujan

Using an integral transform with a mild singularity, we obtain series representations valid for specific regions in the complex plane involving trigonometric functions and the central binomial coefficient which are analogues of the types of series representations first studied by Ramanujan over certain intervals on the real line. We then study an exponential type series rapidly converging to the special values of L-functions and the Riemann zeta function. In this way, a new series converging to Catalan?s constant with geometric rate of convergence less than a quarter is deduced. Further evaluations of some series involving hyperbolic functions are also given.