同位素稀释气相色谱-谱法快速测定酱油中3-氯-，2-二醇量

采用同位素稀释气相色谱－质谱联用（GC－MS）法，快速测定酱油中3－氯－1，2-丙二醇（3-MCPD）的含量。试样中加入3－氯－1，2-丙二醇的氘代同位素作为内标，经超声混匀后加入到自行填装的弗罗里硅土柱中，以乙醚洗脱，洗脱液经氮气吹干后在正己烷溶剂中进行衍生化，衍生化试剂采用七氟丁酰咪唑。GC-MS采用选择离子监测（SIM）模式进行定性定量分析。结果表明，本方法的添加回收率为95．0％－101．0％；相对标准偏差为3．2％～4．8％；检出限达到0．010mg／kg。本方法步骤简单，溶剂用量少，定性定量准确可靠。可快速测定酱油等调味品中3－氯－1，2-丙二醇的含量。     

Simultaneous Determination of Epinephrine, Noradrenaline and Dopamine in Human Serum Samples by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Chemiluminescence Detection

A simple, rapid and accurate high performance liquid chromatographic （HPLC） technique coupled with chemiluminescence （CL） detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of epinephrine （E）, noradrenaline （NA） and dopamine （DA）. It was based on the analyte enhancement effect on the CL reaction between luminol and potassium ferricyanide. The effects of various parameters, such as potassium ferricyanide concentration, luminol concentration, pH value and component of the mobile phase on chromatographic behaviors of the analytes （E, NA and DA） were investigated. The separation was carded out on C18 column using the mobile phase of 0.01 mol/L potassium hydrogen phthalate solution and methanol （92 ： 8, V/V）. Under the optimum condi- tions, E, NA and DA showed good linear relationships in the range of 1 × 10^-8 -5 × 10^-6, 5.0× 10^-9 -1.0× 10^-6 and 5.0×10^-9-1.0× 10^-6 g]mL respectively. The detection limits for E, NA and DA were 4.0×10^-9, 1.0× 10^-9 and 8.0 × 10^-10 g/mL. The proposed method has been applied successfully to the analysis of E, NA and DA in human serum samples.     

Immobilization and Characterization of Glucose Oxidase on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes and Its Application to Sensing Glucose

The negatively charged （at pH 8.2） glucose oxidase （GOx, pI ca. 4.2） was assembled onto the surface of single-walled carbon nanotubes （SWNT）, which was covered （or wrapped） by a layer of positively charged polyelectrolyte poly（dimethyldiallylammonium chloride） （PDDA）, via the electrostatic interaction forming GOx-PDDASWNT nanocomposites. Fourier transform infrared （FTIR）, UV-Vis and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） were used to characterize the growth processes of the nanocomposites. The results indicated that GOx retained its native secondary conformational structure after it was immobilized on the surface of PDDA-SWNT. A biosensor （Nafion-GOx-PDDA-SWNT/GC） was developed by immobilization of GOx-PDDA-SWNT nanocomposites on the surface of glassy carbon （GC） electrode using Nafion （5%） as a binder. The biosensor showed the electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of glucose under the presence of ferrocene monocarboxylic acid （FcM） as an electroactive mediator with a good stability, reproducibility and higher biological affinity. Under an optimal condition, the biosensor could be used to detection of glucose, presenting a typical characteristic of Michaelis-Menten kinetics with the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of KM^app ca. 4.5 mmol/L, with a linear range of the concentration of glucose from 0.5 to 5.5 mmol/L （with correlation coefficient of 0.999） and the detection limit of ca. 83 μmol/L （at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3）. Thus the biosensor was useful in sensing the glucose concentration in serum since the normal glucose concentration in blood serum was around 4.6 mmol/L. The facile procedure of immobilizing GOx used in present work would promote the developments of electrochemical research for enzymes （proteins）, biosensors, biofuel cells and other bioelectrochemical devices.     

德正研究将二氧化碳转化成塑料原料

德国亚琛工大研究人员最近在美国化学协会年会上介绍说，德国正在研究将发电厂排放的大量二氧化碳转化成有用的塑料原料。     

我国农业生物药物分子设计平台建设取得可喜进展

国家“863计划”现代农业技术领域通过攻关发现并鉴定了一系列基因和蛋白新靶标，在农业生物药物分子设计平台建设方面取得可喜进展。     

不同品种冷鲜猪肉pH值高光谱检测模型的传递方法研究

针对目前模型传递方法研究大多在不同仪器之间且均采用近红外光谱建立模型,采用高光谱技术建立猪肉pH值定量检测模型,并针对不同品种间的模型传递提出了一种光谱和预测值同步校正(sync correction of spectrum and prediction value, CSPV)的传递算法,并与模型更新方法进行比较。当模型满足预测相关系数(correlation coefficient of prediction, r_p)r_p≥0.837,且剩余预测偏差(residual prediction deviation, RPD)RPD≥1.9时,表明预测结果可靠。以杜长大、茂佳山黑猪和零号土猪3个品种猪肉样品为研究对象,以杜长大作为主品种,茂佳山黑猪和零号土猪作为从品种,采用偏最小二乘(partial least squares regression, PLS)法建立主品种猪肉pH值定量检测模型,模型校正相关系数(correlation coefficient of cross-validation r_c)和预测相关系数r_p分别达到0.922和0.904,交互验证均方根误差(root mean squared error of cross validation, RMSECV) 和预测均方根误差(root mean squared error of prediction, RMSEP)分别为0.045和0.046,RPD为2.380。用主模型分别对茂佳山黑猪和零号土猪pH值进行预测,r_p仅达到0.770和0.731,RMSEP分别为0.111和0.209,RPD分别为1.533和1.234,预测精度较差。分别采用CSPV传递算法和模型更新方法对主模型进行传递和修正,比较并验证了两种方法的模型传递和修正结果。采用CSPV算法对模型传递后,当标样个数分别为9个和10个时,r_p可提高到0.889和0.900,RPD提高到2.071和2.213,均满足r_p≥0.837,且RPD≥1.9;而采用模型更新方法对模型修正后,当添加的代表性样品分别为11个和9个时,r_p分别达到0.869和0.845,但RPD仅达到1.934和1.804,不满足RPD≥1.9的条件。结果表明,CSPV传递算法能实现主模型对茂佳山黑猪和零号土猪样品的预测,而模型更新方法只能实现对茂佳山黑猪品种的预测,不能实现对零号土猪样品的预测,且CSPV传递算法预测结果优于模型更新方法。     

富磷熔体生长InP单晶的均匀性研究

采用原位磷注入合成法在高压单晶炉内合成富磷的磷化铟(InP)熔体,并利用液封直拉法(LEC)生长出了掺硫及掺铁单晶材料.分别用快速扫描光荧光谱技术(PL-Mapping)、扫描电镜和傅里叶红外光谱对富磷单晶样品进行了研究.结果表明,在富磷条件下拉制的InP单晶会出现孔洞,致使在孔洞周围及远离区域晶体结晶质量和晶格常数存在差异,并且孔洞的存在会造成杂质分布的不均匀性.由于孔洞附近区域具有较高浓度的缺陷,而缺陷对杂质的吸引作用致使孔洞附近区域杂质浓度较远离孔洞区域有所增加.     

龙须菜的无菌处理及其典型附生菌的分离鉴定

采用不同浓度的氨苄青霉素、卡那霉素、氯霉素以及放线菌酮单独及组合处理龙须菜, 利用16S rRNA基因序列和ITS序列对分离到的细菌和真菌进行分子鉴定, 比较获得无菌龙须菜的最佳抗生素处理方法. 结果表明: 100μg?mL-1氯霉素、100μg?mL-1氨苄青霉素及50μg?mL-1放线菌酮组合使用抑菌效果最好. 并从龙须菜的培养液中分离鉴定出4株细菌, 分别为鲁杰氏菌属(Ruegeria)、单胞菌属(Alteromonas)、Maribacter属和Fluviimonas属, 1株真菌为Urocystales或Fereydounia属, 其中鲁杰氏菌为龙须菜附生细菌的优势菌群.     

含弱界面层合梁的压电阻抗分析及参数研究

采用有限元软件ANSYS进行模拟分析, 构建了含弱界面损伤的层合结构压电阻抗(EMI)模型. 分析中选用线弹簧模型对主体结构层间弱界面损伤进行构造, 并与其他学者的解析解以及实验结果进行了对比, 验证了考虑层间滑移或脱粘效应对层合结构进行模拟分析的有效性和准确性. 然后, 基于该模型对含弱界面的微型组合钢梁进行损伤研究. 研究结果表明, 所建立的三维有限元压电阻抗模型能够清晰地检测到损伤的出现和发展. 最后, 讨论了粘结剂等其他参数对该有限元模型的影响.