柱前衍生化RP-HPLC拆分盐酸洛美沙星对映异构体

以2,3,4,6-乙酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基异硫氰酸酯(GITC)为柱前衍生化试剂,建立了盐酸洛美沙星对映体柱前衍生化RP-HPLC拆分方法。采用了C18(4.6×250mm,5μm,Bnentnach)为色谱柱,在流动相为甲醇∶(3mmol.L-1四丁基溴化铵水溶液∶5mmol.L-1Na2HPO4的水溶液=1∶2)=25∶75,流速为1mL·min-1,检测波长284nm的色谱条件下,盐酸洛美沙星的非对映体在1.0—27.5μg.mL-1的浓度范围内有良好的线性关系,日内、日间精密度都3%,且获得了基线分离。该种方法能用于盐酸洛美沙星的手性拆分,也为盐酸洛美沙星的光学异构体的测定提供了参考。     

Analysis of Nanometer Structure for Chromium Atoms in Gauss Standing Laser Wave

The equation of motion of two-level chromium atoms in Gauss standing laser wave is discussed and the distribution of chromium atoms is given under different transverse velocity conditions. The results show that the focusing position of atoms will be affected by the transverse velocity of atoms. Based on the four-order Runge- Kutta method, the locus of chromium atoms in Gauss standing laser wave is simulated. The three-dimensional characteristics of nanometer structures are stimulated under perfect and emanative conditions.     

浅谈物理实验的教与学

探讨了物理实验教与学过程中思考的一些问题,介绍了华中科技大学物理实验教学中心的实践情况.     

一种提高光纤水听器解调系统噪声传递系数稳定性的多相相位生成载波解调算法

相位生成载波（PGC）调制解调是干涉型光纤水听器常用的解调方法。首先,分析并建立了PGC解调系统的噪声传递模型,研究了光源强度噪声对PGC解调输出噪声的影响机理,分析了调制深度和工作点两个参数对PGC解调噪声稳定性的影响。然后,提出了一种基于3×3耦合器的多相PGC解调方案,即在传统PGC解调架构中引入3×3耦合器进行多相检测,利用3×3耦合器的相移特性对三路干涉信号进行融合处理。在不同的调制深度条件下,该方案可以降低水听器工作点变化所引起的光源强度噪声传递系数波动范围。实验结果显示,在常用的调制深度范围（1.7～3.4）内,工作点变化导致的噪声传递系数波动峰谷值小于0.5 dB,噪声稳定性相比传统PGC解调系统显著提升。     

基于Tracker的方位径向摆影响因素实验研究

为探究方位径向摆运动的影响因素,使用影像追踪软件Tracker分析径向摆运动轨迹,控制多个变量,得到不同条件下摆球运动图像,计算得到转化时间.通过分析图像,发现方位径向摆的运动受到方位角的大小、弹性杆直径、弹性杆长度、径向摆摆长等多因素影响.     

Spin Pumping from a Quantum Dot in the Presence of Decoherence

We study the pumped spin current of an interacting quantum dot tunnel coupled to a single lead in the presence of electron spin resonance （ESR） field. The spin decoherence in the dot is included by the Bffttiker approach. Using the nonequilibrium Green＇s function technique, we show that ESR-induced spin flip can generate finite spin current with no charge transport. Both the Coulomb interaction and spin decoherence decrease the amplitude of spin current. The dependence of pumped spin current on the intensity and frequency of ESR field, and the spin decoherence is discussed.     

Characterization Method of Polycrystalline Materials Using Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy

An apparatus for characterization of polycrystalline materials based on conductive atomic torce microscopy （cAFM） is developed and a quantitative measurement of electrical characteristics of individual grains in polycrystalline ZnO ceramic is demonstrated. Improvement of the experimental method is presented. Experimental results illuminate unambiguously the different electrical characteristics between individual grains, suggesting the suitability and maneuverability of this method in the study of local structure or properties and their relationship in polycrystalline materials such as semi-conducting ceramics.     

Temperature Dependence of Photoluminescence from Single and Ensemble InAs/GaAs Quantum Dots

We investigate the temperature dependence of photoluminescence from single and ensemble InAs/GaAs quantum dots systematically. As temperature increases, the exciton emission peak for single quantum dot shows broadening and redshift. For ensemble quantum dots, however, the exciton emission peak shows narrowing and fast redshift. We use a simple steady-state rate equation model to simulate the experimental data of photoluminescence spectra. It is confirmed that carrier-phonon scattering gives the broadening of the exciton emission peak in single quantum dots while the effects of carrier thermal escape and retrapping play an important role in the narrowing and fast redshift of the exciton emission peak in ensemble quantum dots.     

考虑地表反射类型的气溶胶散射偏振特性

采用逐次阶散射法求解矢量辐射传输方程来研究气溶胶在不同地表反射模型下的散射偏振特性.首先,选取单一地表反射模型和耦合地表反射模型两种地表反射模型.然后,根据地表反射模型计算得到相应的地表反射率,进而采用逐次阶散射法对矢量辐射传输方程进行求解,得到散射光的Stokes矢量.最后,由Stokes矢量计算得出散射光的偏振度.仿真结果表明,两种地表反射模型下气溶胶单次散射的散射辐射强度和线偏振度均相等;耦合地表反射模型的总散射辐射强度和线偏振度总是大于单一地表反射模型;单一地表反射模型的气溶胶单次散射相对总散射的贡献总是大于耦合地表反射模型.研究结果对气溶胶光学特性的反演具有一定意义.     

新型微乳化柴油抛撒和云雾爆炸实验及其抑爆性能评估

为掌握新型微乳化柴油的抑爆性能和机理，开展了?10#柴油、普通微乳化柴油和新型微乳化柴油抛撒和云雾爆炸实验。采用灰色关联分析法，对柴油样品云雾爆炸火球的表面最高温度时的平均温度、高温（高于1 273.15 K）持续时间、火球最大截面积、火球辐射度等特征参数进行定量计算并评估其爆炸威力，又运用液体燃料抛撒和成像系统，研究柴油样品在激波及其高速气流作用下的抛撒雾化现象及其抑爆机理。结果表明:新型微乳化柴油的抛撒云雾径向扩展半径和云雾爆炸火球特征参数均明显小于?10#柴油、普通微乳化柴油，如在含水质量分数为5%的乳化柴油中分别添加质量分数为0.2%和0.4%的高分子聚合物防雾剂，形成的新型微乳化柴油的火球表面最高平均温度比?10#柴油分别低 296.90 和 336.90 K，高温持续时间比?10#柴油分别少 94 和 234 ms；火球最大截面积也分别只有?10#柴油的60.10%、53.53%；新型微乳化柴油的爆炸威力最小，抑爆性能最好，其次是普通微乳化柴油和?10#柴油；微乳化柴油的水分质量分数在15%以下时，多增加10%的水与添加0.2%防雾剂的抑爆效果相当；新型微乳化柴油抑爆性能较好的主要原因是柴油中添加防雾剂使其液滴黏弹性增大，在高速气流剪切作用不易破碎、雾化，液滴分散效果差。