微波遥感水面油污状况的研究

本文研究了水面油污的微波反射及辐射特性,在实验室内进行微波介电系数的测量及水面油污反射率实验测量,实验结果和理论预期是一致的。在此基础上讨论了水面油层微波辐射与油层厚度的关系,微波检测水面油污的原理。分析结果,用S极化油面与水面亮度温度差或辐射亮度温度极化比可检测油层厚度。由于海上油污大部分小于2毫米厚度,用1.2—1.6厘米波段微波辐射计遥感油层厚度有较好的分辨率。毫米波段对检测薄油膜有较高的灵敏度。     

MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTY AND WEATHER PROCESS

In this paper, the principle and test of remote sensing of atmospheric property and weatherprocess with 5mm (52.9Ghz, 54.5GHz), 1.35cm (22.235GHz) and 8mm (35,3 GHz) radio-meters are described. The assessment of the ability of remote sensing of atmospheric tem-perature, humidity, liquid water content of clond in all weather (except rain) has been discussed.The efficiency of remote sensing of the atmospheric sounding has been proved by the fieldexperiment. The field experiment results show that it could meet the need of atmosphericsounding in clear and cloudy weather. To monitor the weather, such as the change of airmass, the process of precipitation and the disturbance of microscale and mesoscale weather, thesignal reveals itself significantly in the atmospheric microwave radiation. The effect couldbe used in the nowcasting and artificial precipitation area.