二氧化钛分子电致发光激发特性研究

采用密度泛函B3P86方法优化得到了沿分子平面不同外电场作用下TiO₂分子的基态稳定构型, 在优化构型下利用杂化CIS (CI-Singles)-B3P86方法在6-311＋G*基组水平上, 研究了不同外电场下TiO₂分子前六个激发态的激发能和跃迁波长等激发特性. 研究结果表明, TiO₂分子多个激发态满足偶极跃迁定则, 跃迁光谱对应多个峰值, 在分子水平上, 可以增大利用太阳光的比例. 在外电场作用下, 能隙随电场的增大而减小, 电子易从最高占据轨道跃迁到最低空轨道形成空穴, 各个激发态跃迁波长均有随电场增大发生红移的趋势, 最长589 nm, 因而利用外电场可以控制材料的发光光谱范围在可见光区域扩展.     

Spin transport in a chain of polygonal quantum rings with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling

Using a transfer matrix method, we investigate spin transport through a chain of polygonal rings with Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling(DSOC). The spin conductance is dependent on the number of sides in the polygons. When DSOC is considered in a chain which also has Rashba spin-orbit coupling(RSOC) of the same magnitude, the total conductance is the same as that for the same chain with no SOC. However, when the two types of SOC have different values, there results a unique anisotropic conductance.     

ZL114A铝合金本构关系与失效准则参数的确定

针对航空发动机机匣材料ZL114A铝合金,构建描述该材料在较大温度范围下大变形及失效行为的材料模型。通过万能试验机及分离式霍普金森压杆试验装置测试ZL114A铝合金在常温准静态、高温和高应变率下的力学性能,分析温度和应变率对材料流动应力的影响。采用有限元程序和优化算法反求25～375℃内材料的硬化参数,结合高应变率(1 310～5 964 s^-1)下材料的动态行为关系,构建包含塑性应变、温度及应变率的经验型本构模型。开展缺口拉伸、缺口压缩等试验并建立相对应的有限元模型,获取材料在不同应力三轴度下的失效应变,标定分段形式的Johnson-Cook (J-C)失效准则参数。通过不同温度下的平板侵彻试验和数值模拟验证失效准则及其参数的有效性。结果表明,ZL114A铝合金具有明显的应变硬化、温度软化及高应变率强化特性;具有应力饱和特征的Hockett-Sherby (HS)硬化模型较为准确地描述材料大变形下的力学行为;构建的材料本构关系可以描述ZL114A铝合金在大应变、宽温度、高应变率下的力学行为;分段形式的失效准则具有预测不同温度下材料失效行为的能力。     

Stark位移对热环境下双Jaynes-Cummings模型中原子纠缠的影响

研究双光子跃迁的双Jaynes-Cummings模型中, 两原子初始处于最大纠缠态、光场初始处于单模热态时的原子纠缠动力学, 考虑双光子过程中的Stark位移、热光场的平均光子数对原子纠缠的影响. 结果表明: 不考虑Stark位移时, 两原子在系统演化过程中周期性地出现退纠缠现象, 而考虑Stark位移时, 两原子长时间地纠缠. 特别是当Stark位移参数取值较大且热光场的平均光子数值比较小时, 两原子能保持 稳定地纠缠. 这些结果表明, 可以利用Stark位移对热环境下双Jaynes-Cummings模型中的原子纠缠进行调控.     

含有一阶导数的四阶边值问题正解的存在性

研究了含有一阶导数的四阶边值问题,利用度理论构造出的一个新的不动点定理,由Green函数的性质,给出了一类含有导数的四阶边值问题正解存在的充分条件,得到了边值问题正解存在的一些新结果.     

Quantum correlations between two non-interacting atoms under the influence of a thermal environment

By considering a double Jaynes-Cummings model,we investigate the dynamics of quantum correlations,such as the quantum discord and the entanglement,for two atoms in their respective noisy environments,and study the effect of the purity and the cavity temperature on the quantum correlations.The results show that the entanglement suffers sudden death and revival,however the quantum discord can still reveal the quantum correlations between the two atoms in the region where the entanglement is zero.Moreover,when the temperature of each cavity is high the entanglement dies out in a short time,but the quantum discord still survives for quite a long time.It means that the quantum discord is more resistant to environmental disturbance than the entanglement at higher temperatures.     

The entanglement between two isolated atoms in double mode--mode competition model

Extending the double Jaynes--Cummings model to a more complicated case where the mode--mode competition is considered, we investigate the entanglement character of two isolated atoms by means of concurrence, and discuss the dependence of atom--atom entanglement on the different initial state and the relative coupling strength between the atom and the corresponding cavity field. The results show that the amplitude and the period of the atom--atom entanglement evolution can be controlled by the choice of initial state and relative coupling strength, respectively. We find that the phenomenon of entanglement sudden death (ESD) is sensitive to the initial conditions. The length of the time interval for zero entanglement depends not only on the initial degree of entanglement between two atoms but also on the relative coupling strength of atom--field interaction. The ESD effect can be weakened by enhancing the mode--mode competition between the three- and single-photon processes.     

Nonadiabatic spin-torque and damping effects on vortex core switching triggered by a single current pulse

Switching the orientation of a vortex core by spin-polarised pulse current introduces a promising concept for the reliable addressing of a single nanodisc element inside dense arrays. In this paper, micromagnetic simulations are employed to study the vortex core switching behaviour excited by a short in-plane Gaussian current pulse. We find that both the switching mechanism and the switching time are not sensitive to changes in the phenomenological parameters of spin-torque nonadiabaticity and Gilbert damping. The switching time, however, strongly depends on the current strength. In addition, we have theoretically predicted the parameter range of current pulses to achieve a single switching event.     

在硅衬底上制备Si纳米线及其表征

采用以硅衬底为硅源的简单方法,在蘸有一层催化剂(0.05 M FeCl2·6H2O)薄膜的硅基片上直接制备了大量的单晶Si纳米线.用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)分别观察了硅纳米线的形貌及单根Si纳米线的显微结构.试验结果表明:随着温度的升高,纳米线的直径增大;催化剂是Si纳米线生成的重要因素,没有沉积催化剂的硅基片上不会有硅纳米线的生成,且该硅纳米线的生长机理为典型的气-液-固模式.     

热等离子体处理废物技术的进展

随着我国经济的快速发展,固体废物的年产量显著增加,焚烧减容后仍产生大量的焚烧残余物,其中含有重金属、二噁英等有害成份,对其填埋不仅占用大量土地资源,而且对土壤和地下水存在二次污染风险等诸多问题,因而亟需发展具有良好环保效益和社会效益的废物处理新技术.热等离子体技术在航天技术发展初期,用于航天再入过程航天器头部防热研究和等离子体对无线电通讯的干扰研究.之后从军用转向民用,主要的场景之一是用于环保领域处理废物,从早期销毁报废武器、化学武器战剂和中低放射性废物开始,发展到现在,等离子体技术已经在有机和无机废物处理技术中,成为有特色的先进技术.文章介绍了等离子体处理废物技术的原理与特点,回顾了低温热等离子体技术在处理固体废物中的发展过程,综述了低温热等离子体处理固体废物技术在基础研究领域和工程应用领域的进展,对目前等离子体固体废物处理技术应用中存在的问题进行了着重分析,并提出发展建议,以此悼念我国应用热等离子体技术的先驱吴承康院士以及他对于热等离子体技术处理废物技术基础研究的关怀和指导.