全文获取类型
收费全文 | 86113篇 |
免费 | 18473篇 |
国内免费 | 9113篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 76972篇 |
晶体学 | 1096篇 |
力学 | 3729篇 |
综合类 | 536篇 |
数学 | 7756篇 |
物理学 | 23610篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 104篇 |
2023年 | 1002篇 |
2022年 | 1335篇 |
2021年 | 2012篇 |
2020年 | 3267篇 |
2019年 | 4436篇 |
2018年 | 2811篇 |
2017年 | 2501篇 |
2016年 | 5651篇 |
2015年 | 5882篇 |
2014年 | 6393篇 |
2013年 | 8033篇 |
2012年 | 7864篇 |
2011年 | 7208篇 |
2010年 | 6312篇 |
2009年 | 6402篇 |
2008年 | 6293篇 |
2007年 | 5204篇 |
2006年 | 4609篇 |
2005年 | 4229篇 |
2004年 | 3382篇 |
2003年 | 2897篇 |
2002年 | 3654篇 |
2001年 | 2664篇 |
2000年 | 2353篇 |
1999年 | 1362篇 |
1998年 | 837篇 |
1997年 | 740篇 |
1996年 | 627篇 |
1995年 | 573篇 |
1994年 | 527篇 |
1993年 | 405篇 |
1992年 | 352篇 |
1991年 | 307篇 |
1990年 | 263篇 |
1989年 | 173篇 |
1988年 | 157篇 |
1987年 | 126篇 |
1986年 | 138篇 |
1985年 | 109篇 |
1984年 | 67篇 |
1983年 | 53篇 |
1982年 | 47篇 |
1981年 | 44篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 28篇 |
1978年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 19篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 17篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
961.
Jin Yan Dong Ye Gao Chen Hong Chuan Song Yan Ping He Lei Li Yong Ping Zhong Yan Hui Zhu Jie Cao Luo Wang Ke Qin Zhang Laboratory for Conservation Utilization of Bioresources Yunnan University Kunming China Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China Provincial Key Lab of Rural Energy Engineering Yunnan Normal University Kunming China 《中国化学快报》2007,18(2):165-167
Microbial transformation of nigranoic acid by Caryospora carllicarpa YMF1.01026 afforded the new derivative 6β-hydro-xynigranoic acid. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. 相似文献
962.
生物柴油作为可再生的清洁能源,已在美国、欧盟等多个国家和地区推行使用。在生物柴油的生产过程中,最高可得到约10%的副产物甘油,副产物甘油的去向将成为生物柴油大规模产业化发展所面临的严峻问题。1,3-丙二醇是一种重要的化工原料,作为合成新型聚酯PTT的原料,1,3-丙二醇已引起人们的广泛关注。以生物柴油副产物甘油为原料耦合生产1,3-丙二醇,不仅解决了生物柴油副产物甘油的出路问题,同时降低了1,3-丙二醇的生产成本。本文详细介绍了生物柴油及1,3-丙二醇生产技术及联产工艺的研究进展,并对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
963.
964.
A concise method to synthesize benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid, nornitidine, was developed utilizing nickel- or palladium-catalyzed iminoannulation of an internal alkyne. The advantages of this strategy included readily available starting materials, inexpensive reagents, short reaction steps, and good yields. 相似文献
965.
The synthesis of four new oxo‐centered Fe clusters ( 1 a – c , 2 ) of the form [FeIII3(μ3‐O)(CH2=CHCOO)6] with acrylate as the bridging ligand gives rise to potentially intrinsically chiral oxo‐centered {M3} trimers that show a tendency to spontaneously resolve upon crystallization. For instance, 1 a , [FeIII3(μ3‐O)(CH2=CHCOO)6‐(H2O)3]+, crystallizes in the chiral space group P31 as a chloride salt. Crystallization of 1 b , [Fe3(μ3‐O)(C2H3CO2)6(H2O)3]NO3?4.5H2O, from aqueous solution followed by recrystallization from acetonitrile also gives rise to spontaneous resolution to yield the homochiral salt [Fe3(μ3‐O)(C2H3CO2)6‐(H2O)3]NO3?CH3CN of 1 c (space group P212121). Furthermore, the reaction of 1 a with hexamolybdate in acetonitrile gives the helical coordination polymer {[(Fe3(μ3‐O)L6(H2O))(MoO4)‐(Fe3(μ3‐O)L6(H2O)2)]?2CH3CN?H2O}∞ 2 (L: H2C?CHCOO), which crystallizes in the space group P21. The nature of the ligand geometry allows the formation of atropisomers in both the discrete ( 1 a – c ) and linked {Fe3} clusters ( 2 ), which is described along with a magnetic analysis of 1 a and 2 . 相似文献
966.
The hydrosilylation reaction of octa(hydrido)silsesquioxane with ω‐halo‐1‐alkenes and other unsaturated substrates allows attachment of 8 long‐chain functionalized alkyls on the cubic Si8O12 skeleton. Pt/C and H2PtCl6 have been adopted as the catalysts, the yields being 74–98% for compounds 2–9 . For terminal alkenes, the hydrosilylation follows the anti‐Markonikov's rule. The morphological state of 2–9 ranges from viscous liquid to crystalline materials. The pyrolysis results indicate that 7 , a material of hard spherical core and soft flexible shell, may likely act as nanometer‐size ball bearings up to more than 400 °C. The X‐ray structure of 9 reveals that the molecule is required to possess a center of symmetry crystallographically. The linear arms on 9 , except for two of them, are virtually all‐trans in conformation, not counting the ω‐C‐Cl bond. 相似文献
967.
Ronghu W Xijuan Y Huiyu S Qingde S 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2003,59(13):2915-2920
The structural variations of silica gels heated at different temperatures have been firstly studied using Nd(3+) as a probe by photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), together with IR spectroscopy and thermal analysis. With increasing temperature, the f-f transitions of Nd(3+) show a red shift and the PA intensities increase. The PA branching vector of the transitions from ground state to 4G(5/2)+(2)G(7/2), which are hypersensitive transitions, increase and the others decrease or change little. These indicate that the covalency of the bond that Nd(3+) forms increases and the symmetry around Nd(3+) decreases, which reflects the structural variations of silica gels. 相似文献
968.
稀土发光材料在固体白光LED照明中的应用 总被引:25,自引:0,他引:25
固体白光发光二极管将成为21世纪新一代的节能光源. 要实现白光发射的重要途径之一是利用稀土发光材料的荧光转换技术, 把InGaN半导体管芯发射的460 nm蓝光或400 nm近紫外光转换成白光. 分别就这两种管芯报道了我们研制的发射蓝、绿、黄、红等不同颜色的稀土发光材料: YAG:Ce, Ca1-xSrxS:Eu^2+, Ga2S3:Eu^2+, MGa2S4:Eu^2+(M=Ca, Sr, Ba), SrGa^2+xS4+y:Eu^2+, (Ca1-xSrx)Se:Eu^2+, SrLaGa3S6O:Eu^2+, (M1, M2)10(PO4)6X2, (M1=Ca, Sr, Ba; M2=Eu, Mn; X=F, Cl, Br), NaEu0.92Sm0.08(MoO4)2, 并报道了由它们制成的白光发光二极管的色坐标、相关色温和显色指数等参数. 相似文献
969.
Reaction of transition metal formate M(HCOO)(2).2H2O (M = Mn, Co, Ni) with 4,4'-bpy (4,4-bipyridine) has led to four new compounds with the formula M(HCOO)2(4,4'-bpy).nH2O (M = Mn, Co (1.Mn, 2.Co), n = 0; M = Co, Ni (3.Co, 4.Ni), n = 5). Compounds 1.Mn and 2.Co are isomorphous and crystallized in the tetragonal crystal system with the chiral space group P4(1)2(1)2. They are of three-dimensional diamondoid structure connected by anti-anti formate with 4,4'-bpy in the cavities of the framework reinforcing the intermetallic connections; the diamond-like net was observed also in their azide analogue (Mn(N3)2(4,4'-bpy)). Compounds 3.Co and 4.Ni are isomorphous also but crystallized in the monoclinic crystal system with the space group Cc. Both structures are uninterpenetrated 3D "CdSO4" type with big channels, constructed by anti-anti formate and 4,4'-bpy. This type of net was not observed in their azide analogue. Residing in the channels, water molecules form a new type of 1D tape constructed by vertex-sharing cyclic pentamers. Magnetic measurements were performed on all of these four compounds. 1.Mn and 2.Co are weak ferromagnets with the critical temperature Tc = 5.3 and 7.4 K, respectively. 3.Co is an antiferromagnet with Neel temperature TN = 3.0 K, and 4.Ni is a weak ferromagnet below 20 K. Hysteresis loop can be observed for 2.Co and 4.Ni at 1.8 K. As an analogue of azide, formate can be used to construct molecular architectures, which structurally and magnetically have great similarities to and also differences from those of azide. This offers a promising method for the design of new molecular architectures with formate. 相似文献
970.