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81.
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering in the ultraviolet spectral region: UV-SERS on rhodium and ruthenium electrodes 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Ren B Lin XF Yang ZL Liu GK Aroca RF Mao BW Tian ZQ 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2003,125(32):9598-9599
We report the first observation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) excited with ultraviolet (UV) light from transition metal electrodes. Adsorbed pyridine and SCN- on rough rhodium (Rh) and ruthenium (Ru) electrodes, respectively, have been studied using 325 nm laser excitation. In contrast, the best enhancers in the visible and near infrared, silver and gold, do not produce UV-SERS. The experimental data of UV-SERS are in agreement with our preliminary theoretical calculation based on the electromagnetic enhancement mechanism. The enhancement factor is about 2 orders of magnitude for the Rh and Ru electrodes when they are excited at 325 nm. 相似文献
82.
Ana María Atria María Angeles Mora María Teresa Garland Ricardo Baggio 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2007,63(11):m490-m493
The polymeric title compounds, namely catena‐poly[[[di‐μ‐but‐2‐enoato‐κ3O:O,O′;κ3O,O′:O′‐bis[diaquadibut‐2‐enoato‐κO;κ2O,O′‐neodymium(III)]]‐μ‐4,4′‐bipyridyl N,N′‐dioxide‐κ2O:O′] 4,4′‐bipyridyl N,N′‐dioxide solvate] and the erbium(III) and yttrium(III) analogues, {[Ln2(C4H5O2)6(C10H8N2O2)(H2O)4]·C10H8N2O2}n (Ln = Nd, Er and Y), form from [Ln2(bt)6(H2O)4] dimers (bt is but‐2‐enoate) bridged by 4,4′‐bipyridyl dioxide (bno) spacers into sets of parallel chains; these linear arrays are interconnected by aqua‐mediated hydrogen bonds into broad two‐dimensional structures, which in turn interact with each other though the hydrogen‐bonded bridged bno solvent units. Both independent bno units in the structures are bisected by symmetry centres. 相似文献
83.
84.
Ricardo Bossio Stefano Marcaccini Valerio Parrini Roberto Pepino 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》1986,23(3):889-891
2-(2,6-Dimethylpyrimidin-4-ylaminobenzimidazole) (VIIa) and 2-(1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-ylamino)benzimidazole (VIIb) underwent a ring-closure reaction with phosgene giving 1,3-dimethyl-12H-benzirnidazo[1,2-a]pyrirnido[6,1][-d][1,3,5]triazin-12-one (IIa) and 5H-benzimidazo[1,2-a][1,3,4]thiadiazolo[2,3-d][1,3,5]triazin-5-one (IIb) two hitherto unknown heterocyclic systems. A convenient synthesis of 2,6-dimethyl-4-aminopyrimidine is described. 相似文献
85.
Summary Let (xini, y
i
be a sequence of independent identically distributed random variables, where x
i
R
p
and y
i
R, and let R
p
be an unknown vector such that y
i
=x
i
+u
i
(*), where u
i
is independent of x
i
and has distribution function F(u/), where >0 is an unknown parameter. This paper deals with a general class of M-estimates of regression and scale, (
*,*), defined as solutions of the system:
, where r= (y
i
–x
i
1*/)*, with R
p
×RR and RR. This class contains estimators of (, ) proposed by Huber, Mallows and Krasker and Welsch. The consistency and asymptotic normality of the general M-estimators are proved assuming general regularity conditions on and and assuming the joint distribution of (x
i
, y
i
) to fulfill the model (*) only approximately. 相似文献
86.
Renato Fernandes Galdiano Jr. Eliana Gertrudes de Macedo Lemos Ricardo Tadeu de Faria Wagner Aparecido Vendrame 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2014,172(5):2521-2529
Vitrification, a simple, fast, and recommended cryopreservation method for orchid germplasm conservation, was evaluated for Dendrobium hybrid “Dong Yai” mature seeds. The genetic stability of regenerated seedlings was also evaluated using flow cytometry. Mature seeds from this hybrid were submitted to plant vitrification solution (PVS2) for 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 h at 0 °C. Subsequently, they were plunged into liquid nitrogen (LN) at ?196 °C for 1 h and recovered in half-strength Murashige and Skoog culture medium (1/2 MS), and seed germination was evaluated after 30 days. Seeds directly submitted to LN did not germinate after cryopreservation. Seeds treated with PVS2 between 1 and 3 h presented the best germination (between 51 and 58 %), although longer exposure to PVS2 returned moderated germination (39 %). Germinated seeds were further subcultured in P-723 culture medium and developed whole seedlings in vitro after 180 days, with no abnormal characteristics, diseases, or nutritional deficiencies. Seedlings were successfully acclimatized under greenhouse conditions with over 80 % survival. Flow cytometry analysis revealed no chromosomal changes on vitrified seedlings, as well as seedlings germinated from the control treatment (direct exposure to LN). These findings indicate that vitrification is a feasible and safe germplasm cryopreservation method for commercial Dendrobium orchid hybrid conservation. 相似文献
87.
Ricardo Almeida 《International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science & Technology》2013,44(8):1110-1111
We present a new converse mean value theorem, with a rather elementary proof. 相似文献
88.
Ariana Borges Souza Monique Rodrigues Moreira Carly Henrique Gambeta Borges Marília Rodrigues Simão Jairo Kenupp Bastos João Paulo Barreto de Sousa Sérgio Ricardo Ambrosio Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2013,27(3):280-283
The Copaifera species (Leguminoseae) are popularly known as ‘copaíba’ or ‘copaíva’ and are grown in the states of Amazonas, Pará and Ceará in northern Brazil. The oleoresins obtained from these species have been extensively used owing to their pharmacological potential and their application in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations. In the present study, the development and validation of a novel, rapid and efficient RP‐HPLC methodology for the analysis of the diterpene (?)‐copalic acid (CA), pointed out as the only chemical marker of the Copaifera genus, are described. The regression equation (Y = 26,707x ? 29,498) was obtained with good linearity (r2 = 0.9993) and the limits of quantification and detection were 9.182 and 3.032 µg/mL, respectively. The precision and the accuracy of the method were adequate (lower than 4%). Finally, the validation parameters evaluated were satisfactorily met, so the developed method represents a suitable tool for application in the quality control of such natural products. Further studies aiming to develop analytical methodologies for each Copaifera species using a more representative number of chemical markers should be performed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
89.
This effort explores the impact of dilute polymer solutions on the turbulence characteristics in a submerged liquid impinging-jet
configuration. Turbulent impinging jets are commonly used in technological applications such as drying, scouring, cooling,
or heating due to an enhancement in transport characteristics in the impingement region under certain nozzle-to-wall configurations.
Previous efforts have identified significant turbulence modifications in the presence of dilute concentrations of polymer
in both bounded and unbounded flows, though the former has received considerably more attention. To this end, particle-image
velocimetry measurements were taken for an axisymmetric turbulent impinging jet with a nozzle-to-wall distance H/D = 6.8 and nominal Reynolds number of 26,000. Measurements were performed for both plain water and dilute polymer solutions
of polyethylene oxide at concentrations of 50 and 100 ppm. The mean and turbulence characteristics of these three flows are
contrasted and it is observed that the two polymer solutions modify both the mean and turbulent characteristics of the jet
in all three regions of interest (the free-jet, impingement, and wall-jet regions). Of interest, the 50 ppm case yielded a
slight suppression of the turbulence in the free-jet region accompanied by a longer axial length of the potential core compared
to the case of plain water. In contrast, the 100 ppm case exhibits clear enhancement of the turbulence in the free-jet region
and a shortening of the potential core length. The effect of polymer was opposite in the impingement and wall-jet regions
wherein the turbulence was slightly suppressed in the 100 ppm case in a manner consistent with the onset of the Toms effect
in this wall-bounded region of the flow. 相似文献
90.
Fluorinated Musk Fragrances: The CF2 Group as a Conformational Bias Influencing the Odour of Civetone and (R)‐Muscone 下载免费PDF全文
Dr. Ricardo Callejo Dr. Michael J. Corr Mingyan Yang Prof. Mingan Wang Dr. David B. Cordes Prof. Alexandra M. Z. Slawin Prof. David O'Hagan 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(24):8137-8151
The difluoromethylene (CF2) group has a strong tendency to adopt corner over edge locations in aliphatic macrocycles. In this study, the CF2 group has been introduced into musk relevant macrocyclic ketones. Nine civetone and five muscone analogues have been prepared by synthesis for structure and odour comparisons. X‐ray studies indeed show that the CF2 groups influence ring structure and they give some insight into the preferred ring conformations, triggering a musk odour as determined in a professional perfumery environment. The historical conformational model of Bersuker and co‐workers for musk fragrance generally holds, and structures that become distorted from this consensus, by the particular placement of the CF2 groups, lose their musk fragrance and become less pleasant. 相似文献