纳米多级孔分子筛：简短的综述

分子筛是一种三维微孔结构的硅铝酸盐晶体,具有灵活多变的骨架和组成、较高的物理和水热稳定性、无毒、高比表面积、离子可交换性以及很低的成本等特点,因而在油品精制、石油化学、农业、水和污水处理等众多领域中用作离子交换剂、催化剂和吸附剂。尽管分子筛的应用是基于其本身的微孔结构,但微孔也导致体积较大的反应物和产物分子的传质阻力高。通过制备纳米尺度和多级孔结构的分子筛等多种手段可克服常规分子筛所具有的传质限制。人们已经开发了多种方法制备了新型的分子筛材料,并考察了它们在各种催化反应和吸附反应中的性能。在反应体系中采用这种多级孔的纳米分子筛,有可能提高催化剂的使用寿命和催化性能,抑制积碳和失活。本综述概述了多级孔分子筛和纳米分子筛的高性能及其合成方法的最新进展,讨论了每个合成方法的优缺点,简述了纳米分子筛和二级孔结构分子筛的催化应用,并与常规分子筛进行了比较。     

Influence of Metal Oxides on Platinum Activity towards Methanol Oxidation in H2SO4 solution

Pt–CeO₂/C, Pt–TiO₂/C, and Pt–ZrO₂/C electrocatalysts were prepared by using a modified microwave‐assisted polyol process. Physical characterization was performed by using XRD, TEM, and EDX analyses. The incorporation of different metal oxides increased the dispersion degree of Pt nanoparticles and reduced their diameter to 2.50 and 2.33 nm when TiO₂ and ZrO₂ were introduced to Pt/C, respectively. The electrocatalytic activity of various electrocatalysts was examined towards methanol oxidation in H₂SO₄ solution by using cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Among the studied composites, Pt–ZrO₂/C was selected to be a candidate electrocatalyst for better electrochemical performance in direct methanol fuel cells.     

A Series of Collaborations between Various Pharmaceutical Companies and Regulatory Authorities Concerning the Analysis of Biomolecules Using Capillary Electrophoresis: Additional Instruments/Buffer

An international project team (including members from US, Canada and UK) was formed from a number of interested biopharmaceutical companies and regulatory authorities to conduct a cross-organisation collaboration exercise. The results of the first comparison with eight different organisations that used instruments of the same equipment model, the same reagents, and the same methodology has been reported previously [1]. This report represents the addition of other instruments using a different run buffer. The relative migration times were different, as expected, prohibiting a direct comparison between companies. The within-organisation variability was low for both relative migration time (<0.34% RSD% for all companies save one) and the peak area (<5% RSD% for all companies save one) when measuring the purity of a representative IgG sample. The apparent molecular weight of bovine serum albumin was measured with good precision (less than 10% RSD% across all companies) to the theoretical value when all data is utilized (67.5 kDa compared to 66.4 kDa). For a representative IgG sample, the three main components, IgG Light Chain, IgG Non-glycosylated Heavy Chain, and IgG Heavy Chain, could not be separated, specifically the IgG Non-glycosylated Heavy Chain and IgG Heavy Chain. When the IgG Non-glycosylated Heavy Chain and IgG Heavy Chain were combined for all organisations, the fractional peak area for the IgG Light Chain and IgG Non-glycosylated Heavy Chain + IgG Heavy Chain peak also showed excellent agreement, with less than 7.5 and 3.5% RSD%, respectively. The value of this exercise is in demonstrating the reliability of CE for the determination of apparent size of biopharmaceutical proteins. This underpins the appropriate use of such CE data in support of regulatory submissions.     

Synthesis of Sheet Like Nanostructures of NiO Using Potassium Dichromate as Surface Modifying Agent for the Sensitive and Selective Determination of Amlodipine Besylate (ADB) Drug

The monitoring of hypertension drugs is very critical and important to sustain a healthy life. In this study, we have synthesized nickel oxide (NiO) nanostructures using potassium dichromate as surface modifying agent by hydrothermal method. These NiO nanostructures were found highly active for the oxidation of ADB besylate (ADB). The unit cell structure and morphology were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The SEM study has confirmed the nano sheet like morphology and XRD analysis has described the cubic unit arrays of NiO. After the physical characterization, NiO nanostructures were used to modify the surface of glassy carbon electrode (GCE) by drop casting method. Then cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to characterize the electrochemical activity of NiO nanostructures in the0.1 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 10.0 and a well resolved oxidation peak was identified at 0.70 V. The linear range for the NiO nanostructures was observed from 20–90 nM with a regression coefficient of 0.99 using CV. The calculated limit of detection (LOD) was 2.125 nM and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 4.08 nM. Further to validate the CV calibration plot, an amperometry experiment was performed on the NiO nanostructures and sensors exhibited a linear range of 10 nM to 115 nM with LOD of 1.15 nM. The proposed approach was successfully used for the determination of ADB from commercial tablets and it reveals that the sensor could be capitalized to monitor ADB concentrations from pharmaceutical products. The use of potassium dichromate as a surface modifying agent for the metal oxide nanostructures may be of great interest to manipulate their crystal and surface properties for the extended range of biomedical and energy related applications.     

Synthesis,characterization of V2O5 nanoparticles and determination of catalase mimetic activity by new colorimetric method

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - This paper deals with an advanced colorimetric method used to determine the catalase mimetic activity of V2O5 nanoparticles by measuring the decrease...     

Eco-friendly micellar HPTLC technique for the simultaneous analysis of co-formulated antibiotic cefoperazone and sulbactam in pure form and vial pharmaceutical formulation

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A rapid, sensitive, and eco-friendly micellar high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) technique for the simultaneous...     

Families of univariate and bivariate subdivision schemes originated from quartic B-spline

Families of parameter dependent univariate and bivariate subdivision schemes are presented in this paper. These families are new variants of the Lane-Riesenfeld algorithm. So the subdivision algorithms consist of both refining and smoothing steps. In refining step, we use the quartic B-spline based subdivision schemes. In smoothing step, we average the adjacent points. The bivariate schemes are the non-tensor product version of our univariate schemes. Moreover, for odd and even number of smoothing steps, we get the primal and dual schemes respectively. Higher regularity of the schemes can be achieved by increasing the number of smoothing steps. These schemes can be nicely generalized to contain local shape parameters that allow the user to adjust locally the shape of the limit curve/surface.     

Input shaping control of a nuclear power plant’s fuel transport system

In this paper, the residual vibration control problem of a nuclear power plant’s fuel-transport system is discussed. The purpose of the system is to transport fuel rods to the target position within the minimum time. But according to observations, the rods oscillate at the end of the maneuver, causing an undesirable delay in the operation and affecting the system’s performance in terms both of productivity and of safety. In the present study, a mathematical model of the system was developed to simulate the under-water sway response of the rod while keeping in view the effects of the hydrodynamic forces imposed by the surrounding water. Experiments were performed to validate the model’s correctness. Further, simulation results were used to design the input shaping control that generates shaped velocity commands for transport of the fuel rods to the target position with the minimum residual vibration. It was observed that due to the under-water maneuvering, the fuel-handling system behaves as a highly damped process and that the generated shaped velocity commands fail to effect the desired suppression of the residual vibration. Therefore, keeping in view the highly damped nature of the system, a modified shaped command was generated that transported the fuel rods to the target position with the minimum residual vibration.     

Copper vanadate nanowires-based MIS capacitors: synthesis,characterization, and their electrical charge storage applications

Dielectric properties of porous glass nanocomposites with TGS crystals embedded into six porous matrices with average pore size from 5 to 312 nm were investigated in the temperature range from 280 to 380 K at selected frequencies. The results are discussed based on the effect of the particle size on the phase transition temperature of TGS nanocomposites. Temperature–size phase diagram of TGS composites was derived. Non-monotonic character of the temperature-driven phase transition (T _p) with the decreasing particle size was determined. The nature of the T _p variation can be ascribed to the size-effect theoretically predicted by Zhong et al. (Phys Rev B 50:698–703, 1994).     

The effect of post-exposure annealing on the track registeration characteristics of CR-39 nuclear track detectors

The effect of post exposure annealing on the track registeration characteristics of CR-39 (Pershore) Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors has been studied. The changes introduced in the bulk etch rates, track diameter, and the track density have been observed. The results indicate that the bulk etch rate of the detectors and the size of the tracks are considerably changed due to annealing. Variations in the track density are, however, not serious in the presently studied temperature range.