Ultraviolet light absorber with low surface energy: synthesis and characterization

Novel fluorine-containing ultraviolet absorbers (FBPs) with low surface energy were successfully synthesized based on 2,4-dihydroxy benzophenone (BP-1), and their structures were characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, FTIR, and HRMS. UV absorption of FBPs was studied in 10⁻⁴ M dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂), which demonstrated the superior UV absorption capability of FBPs (ca. ?=1.7×10⁴ to 2.2×10⁴ at λ_max) over the matrix (?=1.7×10⁴ at λ_max). Quantum chemistry calculation was performed to investigate the stable structure and UV electronic absorption bands of FBPs. The surface chemistry information of high-chlorinated polyethylene (HCPE) coating films embedded with ultraviolet absorbers (UVAs) was given by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurement. The results show that the surface enrichment capability of FBPs is remarkably better than traditional UVAs (including BP-1, BP-3, BP-12) because of the low surface energy properties of FBPs.     

Naryl-substituted anthranilamides with intramolecular hydrogen bonds

Hydrogen bonding interaction as one type of non-covalent force has proven itself to be highly efficient for constructing structurally unique artificial secondary structures. Here, the structure of N_aryl-substituted anthranilamide in solution is demonstrated by various NMR technique, the intramolecular hydrogen bonds between amide attached to arylamine of the same ring is proposed, which is supported by its crystal structure in the solid phase. The substituent on the nitrogen atom of arylamine plays an important role in forming the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The chemical shift of the N_aryl-H downfield changes obviously, due to the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds and the deshielding effect of oxygen, and the neighboring C–H is activated and shows downfield protonic signal too. The presence of intramolecular hydrogen bonds probably provides the explanation for the transformation from N_aryl-substituted anthranilamide to imine, which could be converted into 2-aryl quinazolinone finally.     

Self-calibration method for cerium-doped lanthanum bromide scintillator detector in the 0.1–2.0 MeV energy range

In recent years, the cerium-doped lanthanum bromide, LaBr₃ (Ce = 5 %) detector is increasingly playing an important role in radiation measurements because of its higher energy resolution (~3 % at 662 keV), faster luminescence decay time (~35 ns) and higher detection efficiency compared to 7.65 cm × 7.65 cm NaI(Tl) detector. Intrinsic spectra between 1,800 and 3,000 keV derived from internal radioactivity within LaBr₃(Ce) scintillators have been investigated in some literatures, and these results are confirmed by the experiments in this work. In this paper, a new method for LaBr₃(Ce) detector energy calibration from 100 to 2,000 keV is proposed using the intrinsic spectra (self-calibration) instead of the standard gamma sources. Proof-of-concept experiment results show that self-calibration can guarantee energy accuracy of better than 0.815 % and can be applied outside the laboratory. The stability and applicability of this method are also investigated systematically.     

还原氧化石墨烯基三聚氰胺海绵的制备与吸附性能

以天然石墨为原料,用Hummers法和超声剥离法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO).将氧化石墨烯浸渍,涂覆于三聚氰胺海绵表面,在线还原制得还原氧化石墨烯基三聚氰胺海绵(RGOME).通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)仪及光学接触角测定仪等分析了RGOME的结构,考察了RGOME对多种油品的吸附性能,并对其油水选择吸附性能和循环使用性能进行了研究.结果表明,RGOME具有疏水超亲油性,对油品的吸附量达到56~127 g/g,可用Bangham方程描述RGOME对甲苯和煤油的吸附动力学过程;在选择吸附过程中,油品浓度急剧降低,吸附量不断升高,分离效率达到74.49%,可较好地实现油水分离;吸附油品的RGOME经脱附可多次循环使用.     

马蹄金素杂环衍生物的合成及抗乙肝病毒活性

以马蹄金素[N-(N-苯甲酰基-L-苯丙氨酰基)-O-乙酰基-L-苯丙氨醇,MTS]为先导化合物,设计并合成了16个杂环取代的马蹄金素衍生物,其结构经NMR,ESI-MS和元素分析确证.以HepG2 2.2.15细胞为乙肝病毒(HBV)载体,对合成的马蹄金素衍生物进行了抗HBV活性测试.实验结果表明,在测试浓度范围内,化合物5b(IC50=8.20μg/L,SI=10.26),5g(IC50=5.58μg/L,SI=22.78)和5i(IC50=5.07μg/L,SI=16.67)的抗HBV活性较强;在8μg/mL的浓度下,其抑制率分别为56.57%,67.06%和66.83%.     

硝基修饰MOF-5材料的制备及催化氨基甲酸酯热分解!

采用直接混合法在室温下制备了含硝基的金属-有机骨架材料MOF-5-NO2,并采用X射线衍射分析,红外光谱,N2等温吸附和扫描电子显微镜对其进行了表征.结果表明,MOF-5-NO2具有与MOF-5相似的晶体结构和表面形貌,二者都具有高比表面积及微孔特性,但由于硝基的吸电子效应,MOF-5-NO2比MOF-5具有更强的Lewis酸性,因而对氨基甲酸酯热分解制备异氰酸酯的反应具有良好的催化活性.在无溶剂条件下,MOF-5-NO2使苯氨基甲酸甲酯热分解的反应速度显著提高,催化剂转化频率达到ZnO的7倍以上;二苯甲烷二氨基甲酸苯酯热分解的中间产物减少,二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯的收率达到81.6%.     

煤热解过程中含氮产物的析出及金属离子的催化特性研究

选择3种典型煤种为研究对象,通过脱灰和添加含Fe、Ca、Na等金属盐,研究煤热解过程中金属离子对含氮气相产物析出特性的影响以及与煤种和温度的交互关联。结果表明,脱灰煤HCN和NH3的产率均比原煤样下降,而随温度的升高HCN的产率逐渐增大,NH3的产率则先增加后减小,在800℃有最大值。金属离子对不同变质程度煤的含氮气相产物析出的催化作用不同;Fe和Na抑制中等变质程度煤HCN的析出,而对低变质程度煤起促进作用,Ca则对HCN的析出均有一定的促进作用。而对于NH3的形成,3种离子均对中等变质程度煤有抑制作用,而对低变质程度的煤则有促进作用。不同金属离子对HCN和NH3析出的催化作用均有一定的范围。煤热解时含氮气相产物的析出是煤中固有多种金属离子共同作用的结果。     

增压O_2/CO_2气氛下煤燃烧特性实验研究

增压O2/CO2燃烧是一种可高效分离回收CO2的新兴燃烧技术,其燃烧机理与常压空气、常压O2/CO2燃烧存在较大差异。在加压热重分析仪上研究了增压条件下总压、氧浓度、气氛及粒径等反应参数对美国烟煤和淮北无烟煤燃烧特性的影响,确定了煤的着火温度,并对其进行燃烧动力学分析。结果表明,增压O2/CO2气氛下,随着压力或氧浓度的增加,DTG曲线向低温区移动,煤样整体燃烧速率加快。压力提升、氧浓度增加及煤粉细化均可改善O2/CO2气氛下煤样的着火特性。常压O2/CO2气氛下煤粉燃烧基本属于一级反应;增压O2/CO2气氛下,低温区属于0.5级反应,而高温区属于1.5级反应。     

TG-MS与Py-GC相结合法研究惰性气氛下含硫模型化合物热解过程中硫的脱除及释放行为研究

采用热重-质谱法(TG-MS)和热解-气相色谱法(Py-MS)相结合的方法对模型化合物(十四硫醇、二丁基硫醚、苯硫醚、二甲基噻吩、苯并噻吩和二苯并噻吩等)在惰性气氛下硫的脱除及释放行为进行研究。惰性气氛下硫的脱除顺序为:十四硫醇>二丁基硫醚>二甲基噻吩>苯并噻吩>苯硫醚>二苯并噻吩,苯硫醚除外,该顺序与含硫官能团的热分解顺序一致。在热解过程中,所有模型化合物在质谱和气相色谱仪上均被检测到SO₂;除苯硫醚和二苯并噻吩外,其他模型化合物中均检测到了COS;而只在十四硫醇、二丁基硫醚和二甲基噻吩中检测到了H₂S。且热解气中SO₂含量要显著高于H₂S和COS。这是由于活性炭作载体时,惰性气氛下内部氢的含量显著小于内部氧的含量,所以大多数的含硫自由基易与内部氧结合以SO₂的形式逸出。对于苯硫醚、苯并噻吩和二苯并噻吩中没有检测到H₂S,是由于内部氢的不足,使得含硫自由基不能与内部氢结合,所以没有检测到H₂S逸出。