某些条件极值问题的两种初等解法——对《某些条件极值问题的初等解法》一文的补充

在卫瑞霞、汤正谊两同志的《某些条件极值问题的初等解法》(载《中学数学研究与讨论》1979年第3期)一文中列举了某些条件极值问题的五种初等解法,读后获益非浅。本文想补充某些条件极值问题的另外两种初等解法。下面也依据吉米多维奇《数学分析习题集》的问题为例说明这两种方法及其运用。     

有机稀土铕的螯合物的发光和能量传递的研究

本文应用荧光光谱和瞬时时间分辨光谱研究了稀土铕有机螯合物,以及在二苯酮做为三线态敏化剂存在时,对能量的吸收、传递和发光的过程,探讨了有机配位体与稀土离子的能级、三线态敏化剂和配位体分子的性质对发光的影响。     

左连续环中若干链条件的等价性

(1)设R是左连续环,则R是左Artin环当且仅当R满足左限制有限条件当且仅当R关于本质左理想满足极小条件当且仅当R关于本质左理想满足极大条件.同时给出一个左自内射环是QF环的充要条件;(2)证明了左Z₁-环上的有限生成模都有Artin-Rees性质.     

一个特征值问题的迹公式

本文利用逼近理论的方法,分别提出了一个特征值问题在周期条件下以及在无穷衰减条件下的迹公式。     

二维气相色谱柱切换技术测定合成塔工艺气全组分含量

在合成氨厂,合成塔进出口工艺气全组分(ＮＨ3,Ｈｅ,Ａｒ,Ｎ2等)的分析都采用气相色谱法[1,2]。这种方法需在两台仪器上两次进样(双机、双阀、双柱),操作繁琐费时。我们[3]曾对该方法进行了改进,将两根色谱柱通过两个六通阀相连,在一台色谱仪上完成分析(单机、双阀、双柱),减少了仪器费用,无需Ｈ2ＳＯ4吸收,提高了分析精度。若用一个十通阀代替两个六通阀(单机、单阀、双柱),可进一步简化操作[4,5]。我们在实际控制分析中进行了试验,达到了一次进样完成合成塔进出口工艺气全组分分析的目的,结果令人满意。1　实验部分1.1　仪器、样品与装…     

肿瘤组织傅里叶变换红外光谱诊断方法的比较研究

在前期的肿瘤组织红外光谱诊断方法研究中,采用水平衰减全反射(ATR)红外光谱诊断法在多种肿瘤组织样品中取得了与病理诊断很好符合的实验结果;针对文献报道中多采用的显微红外光谱法,文章对同一肿瘤组织样品应用两种方法采集红外光谱,比较测量条件及光谱诊断结果,研究结果表明ATR法主要测量了整块组织的光谱信息,避免了组织结构不均一,微区采样扫描取点少对光谱诊断结果的影响,获得的光谱可以为临床应用提供判断依据。     

多乙酰氧基烷基(艹卓)酮和多羟基烷基(艹卓)酮的合成

各种溴代的烷基酚酮的乙酸酯用乙酸酐/三氟乙酸酐/乙酸(以下简称ATA)醋解可得高收率的相应的多乙酰氧基烷基酮,后者经稀酸水解几乎定量地得多羟基烷基酮。部分多乙酰氧基酮对肺癌A_(549)和上皮细胞癌显出抑制活性。     

A new heuristics model of simulating pedestrian dynamics based on Voronoi diagram

A new heuristics model based on the Voronoi diagram is presented to simulate pedestrian dynamics with the noncrowded state, in which these mechanisms of preference demand evading and surpassing, microscopic anti-deadlock, and site-fine-tuning are considered. The preference demand describes the willingness determination of detouring or following other pedestrians. In the evading and surpassing mechanisms, in order to achieve a balance between avoiding conflicts and minimizing detour distances, a new pair of concepts: "allow-areas and denial-areas" are introduced to divide the feasible region for pedestrians detour behaviors, in which the direction and magnitude of detour velocity are determined.A microscopic anti-deadlock mechanism is inserted to avoid deadlock problem of the counter-directional pedestrian. A site-fine-tuning mechanism is introduced to describe the behavior of avoiding getting too close to the neighbors in pedestrian movement. The presented model is verified through multiple scenarios, including the uni-or bi-direction pedestrian flow in the corridor without obstacles, the uni-direction pedestrian flow in the corridor with obstacles, and the pedestrian evacuation from a room with single-exit. The simulation results show that the velocity–density relationship is consistent with empirical data. Some self-organizing phenomena, such as lanes formation and arching are observed in the simulation.When pedestrians detour an obstacle, the avoiding area before the obstacle and the unoccupied area after the obstacle can be observed. When pedestrians evacuate through a bottleneck without panic, the fan-shaped crowd can be found, which is consistent with the actual observation. It is also found that the behavior of following others in an orderly manner is more conducive to the improvement of the overall movement efficiency when the crowd moves in a limited space.