乙烯在纳米催化剂InVO4-TiO2上的可见光降解

The InVO₄-TiO₂ nano-crystalline photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by DRS, FTIR, Raman and XRD. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared sample were investigated by photocatalytic degradation of ethylene in the gaseous phase under visible light irradiation (λ>450 nm). The results indicate that both of pure TiO₂ and InVO₄ or their simple mixture show no photocatalytic activities for degradation of ethylene under visible light irradiation. However, as-synthesized InVO₄-TiO₂ catalyzes the degradation of ethylene into CO₂ under visible light irradiation. In addition, the interaction between InVO₄ and TiO₂ results in some structural distortion to all the crystal forms of TiO₂ in as-synthesized catalyst InVO₄-TiO₂.     

Nonuniform sampled angular spectrum method by using trigonometric interpolation

The angular spectrum method(ASM) is a popular numerical approach for scalar diffraction calculations. However,traditional ASM has an inherent problem in that nonuniform sampling is precluded. In an attempt to address this limitation,an improved trigonometric interpolation ASM(TIASM) is proposed, in which the fast Fourier transform(FFT) is replaced by a trigonometric interpolation. The results show that TIASM is more suitable to situations in which the source field has a simple and strong frequency contrast, irrespective of whether the original phase distribution is a plane wave or a Fresnel zone plate phase distribution.     

Yb3+/Tm3+共掺杂的钨酸镉纳米晶发光性能的研究

本文采用水热法制备了稀土离子Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺共掺杂的钨酸镉纳米晶。运用X-射线粉末衍射、场发射环境扫描电子显微镜和光谱分析对制备的样品的结构和发光性能进行了表征。根据XRD图谱可知, 钨酸镉为单斜晶系, 晶粒平均尺寸在28 nm左右。从ESEM图片可明显看出, 钨酸镉呈纳米棒结构, 直径在30 nm左右, 长径比在5~8之间。利用980 nm半导体激光器激发钨酸镉纳米晶得到样品的发射光谱, 存在一个较强的蓝光发射, 发光峰位于481 nm,对应于Tm³⁺的¹G₄→³H₆能级的跃迁, 分析了Tm³⁺/Yb³⁺离子共掺体系的发光机制。讨论了发光强度随稀土离子浓度的变化, 当Tm³⁺离子的掺杂浓度在2%, Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺物质的量浓度比为10:1时钨酸镉纳米晶的发光强度最强。根据泵浦功率与发光强度之间的关系, 可知处于481 nm的蓝光发射属于三光子过程, 由发光强度与掺杂浓度之间的双对数衰减曲线可知, 引起蓝光发射源于Tm³⁺的电偶极跃迁。     

二次喉道扩压器对COIL的影响实验

 氧碘化学激光器分别采用二次喉道扩压器和8°扩压器时，对在不同阀门开度下的气流方向的壁面静压曲线和背压曲线，光轴壁面静压曲线，出口总压与上游压比值曲线，输出功率曲线进行了测量。对两种扩压器的数据进行了对比，结果表明：与8°扩压器相比，二次喉道扩压器能够有效隔离扩压器下游气流对光腔的干扰，显著减小捩区长度，并将转捩区控制在扩压器内。在激光器背压升高时，二次喉道扩压器的稳定性更强。     

YBa2Cu3O7—δ体系CuO2平面外的元素替代效应

制备了123单相的 Y_(1-x)Pr_xBa_2Cu_3O_(7-ε),YBa_(2-x)M_xCu_3O_(7-ε)(M=Sr,Ca)和 YBa_2Cu_(3-x)Co_xO_(7-δ)的系列样品,并测量了 T_c 及载流子浓度 nH.综和其他实验结果如 XAFS、中子衍射、XPS 和 Raman 谱等,总结得到:CuO_2平面外的元素替代使得晶格中 O(4)原子偏离其在 YBa_2Cu_3O_7中的最佳位置,导致部分空穴局域于 Ba 位或 CuO 链,因而降低体系中可动空穴的浓度.在这种情况下体系 T_c 的压制主要源自可动空穴浓度 PH 的减少.对加压情况下的退局域化作用作了讨论.     

高温超导体YBa2Cu3O7-δ中的元素替代效应

本文综合约20个 YBa₂Cu₃O_7-4的元素替代体系的实验结果,发现:正交晶体结构、氧含量、铜的氧化价态,以及金属-半导体(绝缘体)相变都只是决定Tc的表观因素;存在着CuO₂平面外和CuO₂平面内两类元素替代效应.提出:高温超导体的迁移载流子浓度和CuO₂平面内铜原子之间的动态、短程反铁磁关联程度是决定Tc的两个内禀因素.基于Bi系超导体中有关元素替代效应的实验事实,进一步提出上述结论对各种类型的高温氧化物超导体具有普遍性.     

配方法在中学数学中的应用

配方法是中数里恒等变形的重要方法之一,也是中学生应该掌握的基本技能之一。在教学一元二次方程求根公式时学生便开始接触到这一方法。此后在代数、三角、解析几何的学习中又要求学生能应用自如。在各阶段的教学及总复习时,如果能从总结一种数学方法所能解决的不同问题着眼,加以归纳小结,这对于学生在自觉运用中形成熟练技巧是有好处的。下面来谈配方法的一些应用,供参考。     

双离子(40Ar+, C2H+6)辐照合成金刚石纳米晶颗粒

用双离子(⁴⁰Ar⁺，C₂H⁺₆)辐照实验完成了从多壁碳纳米管向金刚石纳米晶颗粒的转变.对转变机理进行了初步探讨.这一探索有望能成为一种金刚石纳米晶合成的新途径.由此可知，多重荷能离子辐照用于其他材料纳米结构的制备也不是凭空设想. 关键词： 金刚石纳米晶 离子辐照 透射电子显微镜     

激光对远距离运动目标的辐照性能研究

研究激光对远距离运动目标的辐照功率在激光通信、激光破坏等领域具有重要意义。一般估算辐照功率时常忽略目标的随机运动。在考虑目标的随机运动概率密度分布的基础上,建立了远距离运动目标的精确激光辐照功率模型,并与辐照静止目标时的情形进行了定量的分析比较。辐照运动目标等效于扩大的激光束辐照静止目标。当系统的瞄准方差小于由模型计算出的等效静止方差极限时,可将目标看作为静止状态,由此带来的辐照功率估算误差小于10%,否则在计算时必须考虑目标的运动状态。     

Kondo Resonance versus Fano Interference in Double Quantum Dots Coupled to a Two-Lead One-Ring System

We analyse the transport properties of a coupled double quantum dot （DQD） device with one of the dots （QD1） coupled to metallic leads and the other （QD2） embedded in an Aharonov-Bhom （A-B） ring by means of the slaveboson mean-field theory. It is found that in this system, the Kondo resonance and the Fano interference exist simultaneously, the enhancing Kondo effect and the increasing hopping of the QD2-Ring destroy the localized electron state in the QD2 for the QD1-leads, and accordingly, the Fano interference between the DQD-leads and the QD1-leads are suppressed. Under some conditions, the Fano interference can be quenched fully and the single Kondo resonance of the QD1-leads comes into being. Moreover, when the magnetic flux of the A-B ring is zero, the influence of the parity of the A-B ring on the transport properties is very weak, but this influence becomes more obvious with non-zero magnetic flux. Thus this model may be a candidate for future device applications.