Collective effects in molecular motions in liquids

The collective effects in water were studied by investigating the spatial distribution of long-living hydrogen bonds and revealing correlations in molecular motions. The existence of extended clusters, whose molecules are linked by long-living bonds, suggests the existence of correlations between the motions of its molecules. The mean scalar products of the shift vectors of two molecules were calculated using the narrow ranges (DP) of intermolecular distances in the initial configuration. The average correlation coefficients (the cosines of angles between the shift vectors of two molecules) were also calculated. The DP and cosine values were averaged over all pairs with this intermolecular distance. The DP values increased with time and formed a plateau after a few hundred picoseconds. The plateau was attributed to the existence of molecular vortices that cover large (several nanometers) volumes of the liquid. The conclusion was drawn that hydrophobic species, for example, noble gas atoms incorporated in the water net could be involved in collective motions.     

Effect of magnetic treatment of KDP and ADP crystals and solutions on their equilibrium temperature

The effect of magnetic treatment of KDP and ADP crystals and solutions on their equilibrium temperature has been revealed and studied. The change in the temperature reaches a maximum immediately after the magnetization. Then, the effect decreases monotonically, and the equilibrium temperature approaches the equilibrium value for 5 h. It has been found that the observed decrease in the solubility depends on the impurity concentration, and it is maximum in magnetically treated KDP crystals with a chromium impurity; then, it decreases in the series: KDP crystal, KDP-ADP crystals in KDP-ADP solution, KDP crystal in KDP-ADP solution, and KDP solution. For all five systems under study, the relaxation times have been determined. It has been revealed that the effect rapidly increases and reaches saturation at B = 0.02 T. The energy effects in the crystals and solutions have been estimated.     

Regeneration of the Ru(bipy)3Cl2 excitation under chemiluminescence activation in the reaction of diphenylmethane autooxidation in an alkaline medium

The effect of the Ru(bipy)₃Cl₂ [Ru^II] complex on chemiluminescence in the autooxidation of diphenylmethane in the presence of Bu^IOK was studied. The luminescence increases due to the participation of an activator in the redox processes. The excitation of the R^II complex occurs in the stage of oxidation by the superoxide anion of the Ru^I complex formed by the one-electron reduction of the initial Ru^II by anions.     

Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer during Growth of Mixed Crystals from Solution

Crystallography Reports - The original process of growing K2(Co, Ni)(SO4)2 · 6H2O mixed crystals has been mathematically modeled. The specific features of the hydrodynamics and mass transfer...