多模玻色二次多项式型系统的特性函数和准概率分布函数

运用多模玻色系统广义线性量子变换的普遍理论，对多模玻色二次多项式型系统进行了研究.给出了多模玻色二次多项式型系统的正规、反正规、Wigner特性函数、P表示和Q表示.举例讨论了该系统的压缩性质. 关键词： 多模玻色二次多项式型系统 特性函数 准概率分布函数     

啁啾激光场中HF分子的经典解离

应用经典理论并采用辛算法，计算了HF分子在啁啾激光作用下的经典解离.讨论了激光场中HF分子的解离概率随时间的变化以及考虑振动-转动能级跃迁对分子解离概率的影响.计算结果与理论分析相符，说明运用经典理论并采用辛格式计算双原子分子在激光作用下的经典解离是有效和可行的. 关键词： 啁啾激光场 经典解离 辛算法     

Subglottal coupling and its influence on vowel formants

A model of acoustic coupling between the oral and subglottal cavities is developed and predicts attenuation of and discontinuities in vowel formant prominence near resonances of the subglottal system. One discontinuity occurs near the second subglottal resonance (SubF2), at 1300-1600 Hz, suggesting the hypothesis that this is a quantal effect [K. N. Stevens, J. Phonetics 17, 3-46 (1989)] dividing speakers' front and back vowels. Recordings of English vowels (in /hVd/ environments) for three male and three female speakers were made, while an accelerometer attached to the neck area was used to capture the subglottal waveform. Average speaker SubF2 values range from 1280 to 1620 Hz, in agreement with prior work. Attenuation of 5-12 dB of second formant prominence near SubF2 is found to occur in all back-front diphthongs analyzed, while discontinuities in the range of 50-300 Hz often occur, in good agreement with the resonator model. These coupling effects are found to be generally stronger for open-phase than for closed-phase measurements. The implications for a quantal relation between coupling effects near SubF2 and [back] are discussed.     

Effects of acoustic parameters on bubble cloud dynamics in ultrasound tissue erosion (histotripsy)

High intensity pulsed ultrasound can produce significant mechanical tissue fractionation with sharp boundaries ("histotripsy"). At a tissue-fluid interface, histotripsy produces clearly demarcated tissue erosion and the erosion efficiency depends on pulse parameters. Acoustic cavitation is believed to be the primary mechanism for the histotripsy process. To investigate the physical basis of the dependence of tissue erosion on pulse parameters, an optical method was used to monitor the effects of pulse parameters on the cavitating bubble cloud generated by histotripsy pulses at a tissue-water interface. The pulse parameters studied include pulse duration, peak rarefactional pressure, and pulse repetition frequency (PRF). Results show that the duration of growth and collapse (collapse cycle) of the bubble cloud increased with increasing pulse duration, peak rarefactional pressure, and PRF when the next pulse arrived after the collapse of the previous bubble cloud. When the PRF was too high such that the next pulse arrived before the collapse of the previous bubble cloud, only a portion of histotripsy pulses could effectively create and collapse the bubble cloud. The collapse cycle of the bubble cloud also increased with increasing gas concentration. These results may explain previous in vitro results on effects of pulse parameters on tissue erosion.     

Patterned nucleation control in vacuum deposition of organic molecules

We report a generally applicable method to pattern organic molecules on mesoscopic scales. In our method, organic molecular beam deposition was conducted on substrate surfaces prepatterned with materials to which the organic molecules have larger binding energies in comparison to the substrate. Fully uniform nucleation control at these predefined locations can be achieved by an appropriate selection of the growth parameters including temperature and deposition rate. The physical mechanisms involved are studied by Monte Carlo simulations and stand in good agreement with the experimental findings.     

J/psi production versus centrality, transverse momentum, and rapidity in Au+Au collisions at square root sNN=200 GeV

The PHENIX experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has measured J/psi production for rapidities -2.2相似文献   

长光程共振式二氧化碳气体光声传感器研究

二氧化碳(CO₂)是植物光合作用的原材料,也是一种温室气体,其过量地排放会影响动植物的生态环境。在碳达峰、碳中和的背景下,研制高灵敏度的CO₂检测装置具有重要意义。为了监测大气环境中CO₂含量的变化,设计了一种长光程共振式CO₂气体光声传感器,并以此搭建了光声检测装置。以中心波长为2 004 nm的分布式反馈激光器(DFB)作为激发光源,激光射入由漫反射材料制成的球型吸收腔,在腔内多次反射以增加气体的吸收路径。吸收腔外部被两个高热传导率的铝制半球包裹,降低由池体吸收光能后产生的热噪声。吸收腔上耦合一根声学管,当其工作在一阶纵向共振模态时,光声信号被放大,在管子末端达到极大值。为了进一步增大光声信号,通过饱和加湿样品的方式来加快CO₂气体的弛豫速率,加湿后的样品产生的光声信号是干燥样品的2.1倍左右。使用一系列浓度的湿润CO₂样品标定光声检测装置,结果表明,光声信号与浓度之间呈现良好的线性关系。在此基础上,通过对标准气体的检测实验,验证了装置的准确性与稳定性...     

固液悬浮体系下超声波浓度测量技术进展

在工业生产和科学实验中,固液悬浮体系是一种非常重要的流体类型,其浓度与均匀性变化直接决定了最终制品的物理化学性能及服役稳定性,对其进行实时、原位、高精度测量具有重要意义。因为超声波技术其具有非接触、精度高、响应速度快等优点,所以本文重点介绍了基于该技术实现固液悬浮体系浓度测量的方法,回顾了其国内外发展状况,特别是对该技术在浆液混合过程监控方向的应用做出了介绍和总结。最后,对该领域的发展趋势进行了展望     

非线性工作状态压电换能器匹配技术

针对压电换能器在大功率下存在复杂非线性而导致匹配参数难以优化的问题,以大功率超声金属焊接为例,通过采集测试焊接过程换能器两端电压的幅值与频率,建立换能器反谐振电阻与驱动电压有效值、频率之间的数学模型;提出基于反谐振电阻模型的最优功率匹配方法,推导了匹配电感电容的计算公式。最后实验验证了数学模型的准确性,且当换能器输入功率在最优功率附近时,匹配网络电能传输效率最高。     

Manipulating Nonlinear Photocurrent from Interlayer Coupling in Bilayer Metamaterials for Polarized Terahertz Generation

Polarized terahertz (THz) wave generation is of great significance for chiral and anisotropic sensing applications. However, how to manipulate amplitude, polarization, and ellipticity of the THz generation is still a fundamental challenge. Herein, polarized THz wave generation is achieved from a bilayer metamaterial consisting of T-shaped structure (TSS) and split resonator rings (SRRs) by combining Maxwell and hydrodynamic equations. The elliptically polarized THz wave can be synthetized directly from horizontally and vertically polarized THz components due to the orthogonal nonlinear photocurrents along the arm-directions of TSS and SRRs, respectively. Besides, the ellipticity and the orientation angle of the THz polarization ellipse can be modulated by the twist angle between the SRRs and TSS layers. The maximum ellipticity can reach 0.34 while the orientation angle is tunable from −0.45 to 0.48π by tuning the twist angle. This work proposes an interlayer coupling method for the polarized THz sources based on metamaterials in potential circular dichroism and chiral sensing applications.