Linking Polythiophene Chains Through Conjugated Bridges: A Way to Improve Charge Transport in Polymer Solar Cells

Summary: A series of cross‐linked polythiophene derivatives ( P1 – 4 ) are synthesized by adding different ratio (0, 2, 5, and 10%) of conjugated cross‐linker via a Stille coupling reaction. From P1 – 4 , with the increase of the content of the conjugated bridges, the UV‐visible absorption peaks of the polymers were shifted towards blue and their electrochemical bandgap increased. The hole mobilities of P1 – 4 as determined from the SCLC model are 5.23 × 10⁻⁶, 1.28 × 10⁻⁴, 7.01 × 10⁻³, and 2.34 × 10⁻⁵ cm² · V⁻¹ · s⁻¹, respectively. The PCEs of the polymer solar cells based on P1 – 4 are 0.37, 1.05, 1.26, and 0.78%, respectively. The improvement of PCE of the devices based on P2 – 4 compared with that of P1 may be due to the increase of hole mobility.

Molecular structure of the polythiophene derivatives ( P1 – 4 ).     

多孔硅吸附荧光素钠分子产生荧光增强效应

多孔硅表面吸附荧光素钠分子后,由于其表面的独特性质,使得荧光素钠的荧光得到很大的增强,在这种吸附过程中彼此间存在能量转移过程。文中对荧光素钠增强机理及实验结果进行了详细分析讨论。     

Actuator based on MWNT/PVA hydrogels

The first actuator based on multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) hydrogels was developed through simple hydrogelation with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). This actuator exhibited excellent actuating properties compared with the corresponding actuator based on poly(acrylic acid)/PVA hydrogels.     

由宽波段多光子作用产生的锂原子高位态辐射

本文报道了以６２０．０－６６０．０ｎｍ范围内任意波长激光下产生的锂原子高位态辐射的实验结果，并对有关的激光发机制进行了讨论。     

吡咯喹啉醌含量的非酶系统测定

吡咯喹啉醌含量的非酶系统测定赵永芳，徐宁（武汉大学生命科学学院，武汉，４３００７２）王银善，肖华胜（中国科学院武汉病毒研究所，武汉，４３００７１）关键词吡咯喹啉醌，氧化还原，抗坏血酸，硝基四唑蓝中图法分类号Ｑ５５４·９毗咯喷淋配（Ｐｑｒｒｏｌｏｑｕｉ...     

Fullerene derivative acceptors for high performance polymer solar cells

Polymer solar cells (PSCs) are composed of a blend film of a conjugated polymer donor and a soluble fullerene derivative acceptor sandwiched between a PEDOT?:?PSS coated ITO positive electrode and a low workfunction metal negative electrode. The conjugated polymer donor and the fullerene derivative acceptor are the key photovoltaic materials for high performance PSCs. For the acceptors, although [6,6]-phenyl-C(61)-butyric acid methyl ester (PC(60)BM) and its corresponding C(70) derivative PC(70)BM are dominantly used as the acceptors in PSC at present, several series of new fullerene derivatives with higher-lying LUMO energy level and better solubility were reported in recent years for further improving the power conversion efficiency of the PSCs. In this perspective paper, we reviewed the recent research progress on the new fullerene derivative acceptors, including various PC(60)BM-like C(60) derivatives, PC(60)BM bisadduct, PC(70)BM bisadduct, indene-C(60) bisadduct and indene-C(70) bisadduct, trimetallic nitride endohedral fullerenes and other C(60) derivatives with multi side chains. The synthesis and physicochemical properties of PC(60)BM and PC(70)BM were also introduced considering the importance of the two fullerene acceptors.     

A simple and sensitive assay of gallic acid based on localized surface plasmon resonance light scattering of silver nanoparticles through modified Tollens process

A simple, low toxic, sensitive strategy based on the localized surface plasmon resonance light scattering (LSPR-LS) properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is introduced for the detection of gallic acid (GA). It was found that the silver ammonium complex, [Ag(NH(3))(2)](+)(aq), could be reduced in the alkaline medium by GA at room temperature; this reaction formed dispersed AgNPs. Transmission electron microscopy analyses were performed to ascertain the formation of AgNPs. UV-visible spectra revealed the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption at 410 nm corresponding to the LSPR of AgNPs. On these basis, we could quantify the GA concentration in the range of 4 × 10(-7) - 5 × 10(-6) mol L(-1) in the optimized experimental conditions. This method was used for determining the concentration of GA in artificial samples with satisfactory results. The detailed mechanism underlying this special phenomenon was elucidated.     

Single-crystalline C60 nanostructures by sonophysical preparation: tuning hollow nanobowls as catalyst supports for methanol oxidation

Large-scale single-crystalline hollow nanobowls of pure C(60) were prepared by applying a sonophysical strategy in a binary organic solution. Through the simple adjustment of the concentration of the C(60) /m-xylene solution and the volume ratio of m-xylene to acetonitrile, C(60) nanorings, nanoplates, nanorods, and nanowires were also selectively synthesized. The promise of the C(60) hollow structures as Pt catalyst supports is heightened by the significantly enhanced catalytic activity toward methanol oxidation for a given amount of C(60) used, which demonstrates their potential application in fuel cells.     

Synthesis of a polythieno[3,4-b]thiophene derivative with a low-lying HOMO level and its application in polymer solar cells

A planar benzodithiophene with lower HOMO was copolymerized with the thieno[3,4-b]thiophene unit to obtain a new low band gap polymer of PBDPTT-C, which exhibited a higher open-circuit voltage (V(oc)) of 0.8 V and a promising efficiency of 5.2%.