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631.
632.
Secondary X-Ray Environment in the Lower Atmosphere of the Earth during Monsoon Season over Udaipur City (India) in July-September 2006 下载免费PDF全文
We present a study on the secondary x-rays of energy band 2-100 keV emitted by the intruded principal pollutant components (gases and minerals) brought up in the lower atmosphere by dust storms, monsoon drift and the gravitational pull on meteoritic showers. On the ground we employed a 1.5 × 1 inch^2 NaI crystal in a scintillation detector, suitable for the energy range 2-100 keV of secondary x-rays, providing better energy resolution than a larger sized crystal. In order to eliminate the radioactive background of the Earth, the detector was well shielded on all sides with the help of the lead (Pb) container, except with a.small open window at the top to permit only vertically incident secondary radiation. The results from the data analysis obtained during the monsoon over Udaipur city (India) during the period from July to September (2006) have revealed a linear correlation between dust storm cure monsoon clouds and observed luminosities of secondary x-ray radiation from intruded pollutants. We found intense flux of secondary x-rays from the intruded pollutants when heavy dust and monsoon clouds were brought up by dust storms and monsoon drift in the lower atmosphere over Udaipur city as compared to normal days. Thus, secondary x-rays in the environment provide a tool for investigation of local intrusive pollutant components in the lower atmosphere. 相似文献
633.
We investigate the locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type-Ⅰ cosmological model for stiff matter and a vacuum solution with a cosmological term proportional to R^-m (R is the scale factor and m is a positive constant). The cosmological term decreases with time. We obtain that for both the cases the present universe is accelerating with a large fraction of cosmological density in the form of a cosmological term. 相似文献
634.
La0.5Sr0.5CoO3-yttria-stabilized zirconia (LSCO-YSZ) composite cathode for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has been fabricated by wet impregnation method. Nitrate precursors of La, Sr, and Co have been impregnated into the pre-sintered porous YSZ matrix, which is converted into LSCO phase after calcination at 850 °C in the presence of glycine as confirmed from X-ray diffraction. LSCO of 5, 7, and 10 wt% impregnated porous YSZ have been electrochemically characterized using 2-probe AC conductivity method. Maximum ionic conductivity of 0.27 S/cm at 800 °C and activation energy of 0.15 eV between 600 and 800 °C have been observed for 10 wt% LSCO-YSZ cathode. Area-specific resistance of 1.01 Ω cm2 at 800 °C is estimated for the electrolyte-supported half-cell (10 wt% LSCO-YSZ/YSZ). After testing the LSCO-YSZ cathode matrix, the electrolyte-supported full cell (10 wt% LSCO-YSZ/YSZ/NiO-YSZ) has been tested and produced maximum power density 51.12 mW/cm2 (109.38 mA/cm2) at 800 °C. The electrolyte-supported full cell exhibited 6 Ω cm2 electrode polarization at 800 °C in H2, which is in higher side leading to low performance. LSCO-YSZ/YSZ/NiO-YSZ SOFC found to give stable performance up to 2 h and scanning electron microscopy analysis has been carried out before and after cell testing to assess the morphological changes. 相似文献
635.
R.S. Tiwari 《Physics letters. A》2008,372(19):3461-3466
Expanding the Sagdeev potential to include fourth-order nonlinearities of electric potential and integrating the resulting energy equation, an exact soliton solution is determined for ion-acoustic waves in an electron-positron-ion (e-p-i) plasma system. This exact solution reduces to the dressed soliton solution obtained for the system using renormalization procedure in the reductive perturbation method (RPM), when Mach number (M) is expanded in terms of soliton velocity (λ) and terms up to order of λ2 are retained in the analysis. Variation of shape, velocity, width and product (P) of amplitude (A) and square of width (W2) for the KdV soliton, core structure, dressed soliton, and exact soliton are graphically represented for different values of fractional positron concentration (p). It is found that for a given value of the fractional positron concentration (p) and amplitude of soliton, the velocity of the dressed soliton is faster and width is narrower than the KdV or exact soliton, and agrees qualitatively with the experimental observations of Ikezi et al. for small amplitude solitons in the plasma free from positron component. Among all these structures, the product P(AW2) is found to be lowest for the dressed soliton and it decreases as Mach number of soliton or fractional positron concentration in the plasma increases. 相似文献
636.
S. Manivannan S. Dhanuskodi S.K. Tiwari J. Philip 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2008,90(3-4):489-496
N-alkyl-2,6-dimethyl-4(1H)-pyridinones, salts of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and 2-amino-5-nitropyridine are considered to be
potential candidates for nonlinear optical (NLO) applications, in particular for the generation of blue-green laser radiation.
Single crystals were grown following the slow evaporation technique at constant temperature. Single-shot laser-induced surface
damage thresholds in the range 3–10 GW/cm2 were measured using a 18 ns Q-switched Nd:YAG laser. The surface morphologies of the damaged crystals were examined under
an optical microscope and the nature of damage identified. The Vicker’s microhardness was determined at a load of 98.07 mN.
The thermal transport properties, thermal diffusivity (α), thermal effusivity (e), thermal conductivity (K) and heat capacity
(Cp), of the grown crystals were measured by an improved photopyroelectric technique at room temperature. All the results are
presented and discussed.
PACS 42.70.Mp; 61.66.Hq; 67.80.Gb; 42.65.-k 相似文献
637.
Manish Mishra Shuchita Tiwari Anita Gunaseelan Dongyang Li Bruce D. Hammock Aldrin V. Gomes 《Electrophoresis》2019,40(12-13):1731-1739
Immunoassays such as ELISAs and Western blotting have been the common choice for protein validation studies for the past several decades. Technical advancements and modifications are continuously being developed to enhance the detection sensitivity of these procedures. Among them, Streptavidin‐containing poly‐horseradish peroxidase (PolyHRP) based detection strategies have been shown to improve signals in ELISA. The use of commercially available Streptavidin and antibodies conjugated with many HRPs (PolyHRPs) to potentially enhance the detection sensitivity in Western blotting has not been previously investigated in a comprehensive manner. The use of PolyHRP‐secondary antibody instead of HRP‐secondary antibody increased the Western blotting sensitivity up to 85% depending on the primary antibody used. The use of a biotinylated secondary antibody and commercially available Streptavidin‐conjugated with HRP or PolyHRP all resulted in increased sensitivity with respect to antigen detection. Utilizing a biotinylated secondary antibody and Streptavidin‐conjugated PolyHRP resulted in as much as a 110‐fold increase in Western blotting sensitivity over traditional Western blotting methods. Quantification of troponin I in rat heart lysates showed that the traditional Western blotting method only detected troponin I in ≥2 μg of lysate while Streptavidin‐conjugated PolyHRP20 detected troponin I in ≥50 ng of lysate. A modified blocking procedure is also described that eliminated the interference caused by the endogenous biotinylated proteins. These results suggest that Streptavidin‐conjugated PolyHRP and PolyHRP secondary antibodies are likely to be commonly utilized for Western blots in the future. 相似文献
638.
Anoop S. Singh Nidhi Mishra Mangal S. Yadav Vinod K. Tiwari 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2019,56(1):275-280
The utility and advantages of benzotriazole methodology have been described for the practical synthesis of benzothiazoles. The two‐step synthetic procedure includes nucleophilic acyl substitution followed by benzotriazole ring cleavage under the free radical condition and subsequent cyclization via elimination of molecular nitrogen (N2). This protocol requires cheap and readily available reagents, and moreover easy to handle, thus can be used to teach undergraduate and postgraduate students about the importance of benzotriazole moiety in organic synthesis, ring cleavage chemistry, cyclization reactions, and use of industrial waste in free radical reactions. Students can also learn some important and common techniques useful in organic chemistry such as monitoring of organic reaction using thin‐layer chromatography and UV, microwave (MW) technique for the synthesis, and column chromatography for the product isolation and structure determination through NMR, MS, and IR spectral analysis of the pure compounds. 相似文献
639.
Bhattacharya S. Tiwari N. Mishra A. Mitra S. Dey G. K. Ghorui S. 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》2019,39(4):1019-1048
Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - Plasma temperature, density and arc dynamics have been investigated in underwater arc discharges under different anodic environments. Distinct differences... 相似文献
640.
II‐VI semiconductor nanoparticles have recently attracted a lot of attention due to the possibility of their application in various devices. In the present study, chemical method has been used in synthesis of CdS nanoparticles and thiophenol was used as capping agent. X‐ray diffraction studies of both samples were done. The dc conductivity of CdS increases at a lower rate or is approximately constant upto 500K and thereafter the conductivity increases at a rapid rate. Beyond Tc it is seen that the portion of the σdc versus 1000/T is almost a straight line showing an Arrehenious behaviour. The dielectric constant of nanoparticles of CdS is found to be larger than the corresponding values of CdS crystals. It is clearly observed that at lower wavelengths nanocrystalline samples show a blue‐shift. The three peaks of sample (S2), A, Band C can be ascribed to the transition from Cd‐O complex donor formed by adsorbed oxygen to the valance band, Cd ‐ excess acceptor and the surface states, respectively. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献