Numerical Algorithms - Inthis paper, we discuss two first-order completely discrete schemes based on Backward Euler and its linearized variant methods for the 2D Sobolev equations with... 相似文献
In the present work, radon concentrations were measured in surface and underground water samples in Faridabad District of Southern Haryana, India using an active radon monitor based on alpha scintillation technique and results have been inter-compared. The average radon concentration in the underground water samples was observed to be 4 times higher than in the surface water samples. The estimated annual effective dose varied from 5.7 to 58.5 μSvy?1 with an average of 24.2 μSvy?1 for underground water samples and 1.1 to 12.5 μSvy?1 with an average of 6.7 μSvy?1 for surface water samples. The estimated annual effective dose for both type of samples was found to be less than 0.1 mSvy?1, which is the safe limit as suggested by World Health Organisation and EU Council.
In this paper, we study certain interesting and useful properties of incomplete -functions. The incomplete -function is an extension of the -function. We find several useful classical integral transforms of these functions. Further, we examine the fractional calculus with the incomplete -functions and point out several special cases. Finally, we give the applications of incomplete -functions in detecting glucose supply in human blood. 相似文献
Insulin is a small protein crucial for regulating the blood glucose level in all animals. Since 1922 it has been used for the treatment of patients with diabetes. Despite consisting of just 51 amino acids, insulin contains 17 of the proteinogenic amino acids, A- and B-chains, three disulfide bridges, and it folds with 3 α-helices and a short β-sheet segment. Insulin associates into dimers and further into hexamers with stabilization by Zn2+ and phenolic ligands. Selective chemical modification of proteins is at the forefront of developments in chemical biology and biopharmaceuticals. Insulin's structure has made it amenable to organic and inorganic chemical reactions. This Review provides a synthetic organic chemistry perspective on this small protein. It gives an overview of key chemical and physico-chemical aspects of the insulin molecule, with a focus on chemoselective reactions. This includes N-acylations at the N-termini or at LysB29 by pH control, introduction of protecting groups on insulin, binding of metal ions, ligands to control the nano-scale assembly of insulin, and more. 相似文献
Treatment of [Cp*RuCl2]2, 1 , [(COD)IrCl]2, 2 or [(p-cymene)RuCl2]2, 3 (Cp*=η5-C5Me5, COD= 1,5-cyclooctadiene and p-cymene=η6-iPrC6H4Me) with heterocyclic borate ligands [Na[(H3B)L], L1 and L2 ( L1 : L=amt, L2 : L=mp; amt=2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole, mp=2-mercaptopyridine) led to the formation of borate complexes having uncommon coordination. For example, complexes 1 and 2 on reaction with L1 and L2 afforded dihydridoborate species [LAM(μ-H)2BHL] 4 – 6 ( 4 : LA=Cp*, M=Ru, L=amt; 5 : LA=Cp*, M=Ru, L=mp; 6 : LA=COD, M=Ir, L=mp). On the other hand, treatment of 3 with L2 yielded cis- and trans-bis(dihydridoborate) species, [Ru{(μ-H)2BH(mp)}2], cis- 7 and trans- 7 . The isolation and structural characterization of fac- and mer-[Ru{(μ-H)2BH(mp)}{(μ-H)BH(mp)2}], 8 from the same reaction offered an insight into the behaviour of these dihydridoborate species in solution. Fascinatingly, despite having reduced natural charges on Ru centres both at cis-and trans- 7 , they underwent hydroboration reaction with alkynes that yielded both Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov addition products, 10 a – d . 相似文献
In this paper, we study the approximation properties of bivariate summation‐integral–type operators with two parameters . The present work deals within the polynomial weight space. The rate of convergence is obtained while the function belonging to the set of all continuous and bounded function defined on ([0],∞)(×[0],∞) and function belonging to the polynomial weight space with two parameters, also convergence properties, are studied. To know the asymptotic behavior of the proposed bivariate operators, we prove the Voronovskaya type theorem and show the graphical representation for the convergence of the bivariate operators, which is illustrated by graphics using Mathematica. Also with the help of Mathematica, we discuss the comparison by means of the convergence of the proposed bivariate summation‐integral–type operators and Szász‐Mirakjan‐Kantorovich operators for function of two variables with two parameters to the function. In the same direction, we compute the absolute numerical error for the bivariate operators by using Mathematica and is illustrated by tables and also the comparison takes place of the proposed bivariate operators with the bivariate Szász‐Mirakjan operators in the sense of absolute error, which is represented by table. At last, we study the simultaneous approximation for the first‐order partial derivative of the function. 相似文献
A zinc containing metal–organic gel (Zn-MOG) with embedded free ions, which exhibits self-healing properties, has been synthesized for application in supercapacitors. The activated carbon-based flexible supercapacitor device with the MOG electrolyte has a broad potential window of 2.1 V, with high retention of specific capacitance compared to the traditional polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based gel. The Zn-MOG does not require an additional electrolyte. The sodium and sulphate ions embedded in the MOG are sufficient enough for the charge storage. 相似文献
Two vanadium (IV) complexes [VIVO(Haeae-sal)(MeOH)]+ ( 1 ) and [VIVO(Haeae-hyap)(MeOH)]+ ( 2 ) were prepared by reacting [VO(acac)2] with ligands [H2aeae-sal] ( I ) and [H2aeae-hyap] ( II ) respectively. Condensation of 2-(2-aminoethylamino)ethanol with salicylaldehyde and 2-hydroxyacetophenone produces the ligands ( I ) and ( II ) respectively. Both vanadium complexes 1 and 2 are sensitive towards aerial oxygen in solution and rapidly convert into vanadium(V) dioxido species. Vanadium(V) dioxido species crystalizes as the dimeric form in the solid-state. Single-crystal XRD analysis suggests octahedral geometry around each vanadium center in the solid-state. To access the benefits of heterogeneous catalysis, vanadium(V) dioxido complexes were anchored into the polymeric chain of chloromethylated polystyrene. All the synthesized neat and supported vanadium complexes have been studied by a number of techniques to confirm their structural and functional properties. Bromoperoxidase activity of the synthesized vanadium(V) dioxido complexes 3 and 4 was examined by carrying out oxidative bromination of salicylaldehyde and oxidation of thioanisole. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, 3 shows 94.4% conversion ( TOF value of 2.739 × 102 h−1) and 4 exhibits 79.0% conversion (TOF value of 2.403 × 102 h−1) for the oxidative bromination of salicylaldehyde where 5-bromosalicylaldehyde appears as the major product. Catalysts 3 and 4 also efficiently catalyze the oxidation of thioanisole in the presence of hydrogen peroxide where sulfoxide is observed as the major product. Covalent attachment of neat catalysts 3 and 4 into the polymer chain enhances substrate conversion (%) and their catalytic efficiency increases many folds, both in the oxidative bromination and oxidation of thioether. Polymer supported catalysts 5 displayed 98.8% conversion with a TOF value of 1.127 × 104 h−1 whereas catalyst 6 showed 95.7% conversion with a TOF value of 4.675 × 103 h−1 for the oxidative bromination of salicylaldehyde. These TOF values are the highest among the supported vanadium catalysts available in the literature for the oxidative bromination of salicylaldehyde. 相似文献
The threat of phenol contamination in aquatic ecosystems is significant for the health of the earth's water systems as well as all humans on it. The present study was conducted to synthesize a cost-effective adsorbent (pea shells activated with sulfuric acid, PSASA) from agriculture waste (pea shells) and its use for effective removal of toxic 4-Aminophenol (4-AP). Newly designed PSASA exhibited significant adsorption of 4-AP which was confirmed by SEM, FT-IR, and XRD analysis. Surface topography confirmed high unevenness of the PSASA surface and the macroporous feature of the PSASA was confirmed by BET analysis. . Multiple testing was done to see how various factors affected adsorption such as adsorbent dose, temperature, pH, PZC, the effect of KCl and urea addition and the effect of the initial concentration of 4-AP. A drop in adsorption uptake of 4-AP was observed as the temperature increases from 25 °C to 45 °C. Maximum adsorption uptake (qm) was found to be 106.11 mg/g at an optimum pH of 7.0 and 25 °C. Among various adsorption isotherm models tested, Langmuir Isotherm gave the best explanation with high R2 values of experimental data. The pseudo-first-order model was found to explain the kinetics of adsorption well. The thermodynamic finding confirms the adsorption process was physical and exothermic. The adsorption of 4-AP was primarily governed by electrostatic interaction, hydrogen-bonding and π-π exchange mechanism. Because of the positive outcomes of the present research, we can use the PSASA as a cost-effective adsorbent for removing phenolic compounds. 相似文献