明胶中α组分含量对明胶/羟基磷灰石复合材料力学性能的影响

选用α组分含量分别为20.5%,41%和50%的A、B、C 3种明胶作为原料,采用同时加入法制备了明胶/羟基磷灰石(HAP)复合材料.通过对干态复合物膜拉伸性能的测试和对比,发现,明胶α组分含量的变化对复合材料的弹性模量影响较大,而对拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的影响则相对较小,但总的来说,三者均随α组分含量的增加而增大.其中,α组分含量最高的复合物C的拉伸强度为86.40 MPa,弹性模量为2682.35 MPa,断裂伸长率为8.65%.另外,对复合物C基本性质的表征结果表明,该材料具有类似于自然骨的组成和结构性质,因此有望成为一种具有优异力学性能的骨替代材料.     

薄层层析法分离菊芋汁中低聚糖

采用薄层层析法(TLC)分离菊芋汁中的低聚糖成分。固定相为硅胶板GF254,展层剂为V正丁醇∶V异丙醇∶V乙酸∶V水=7∶5∶2∶4,显色剂为苯胺(4 mL)-二苯胺(4 g)-磷酸(20 mL)(溶于200 mL丙酮中)试剂。该展层体系可用于快速层析分离菊芋汁中的混合低聚糖,经过两次展层可达到良好分离结果。     

交联壳聚糖树脂对部分尿毒症毒物的吸附性能研究

用反向悬浮的方法制备了戊二醛交联壳聚糖树脂吸附剂,并对制得的球形吸附剂用NaBH4进行了氢化还原处理,以提高其在使用环境下的化学稳定性。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,吸附剂的表面形态构成了吸附的微观基础。通过对部分尿毒症毒性物质的吸附研究发现,本文研制的壳聚糖吸附剂对这些目标物均产生了一定的吸附作用,吸附平衡时间符合临床要求,其对3种小分子尿毒症毒性物质的吸附能力依肌酐、尿酸、尿素的次序递增,而对促皮质素(ACTH)的吸附量则达到了13.04mg/g,显示了该类吸附剂应用于临床治疗的潜在价值     

Liquid-Phase Hydrogenation of Chloronitrobenzene Over Pt-Sn-B Amorphous Catalyst Supported by Carbon Nanotubes

The Pt-Sn-B/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) catalyst was prepared by impregnation-chemical reduction method. Its catalytic performance was evaluated by liquid-phase hydrogenation of chloronitrobenzene (CNB). The results showed that the catalyst had higher catalytic performance than common hydrogenation catalysts. The conversion of CNB could reach 99.9%, and the dechlorination of chloroaniline (CAN) was less than 1.9% when catalyzed by Pt-Sn-B/CNTs and more than 8.0% when catalyzed by common hydrogenation catalysts. X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction analysis showed that Pt-Sn-B/CNTs had an amorphous alloy structure that can improve catalytic performance. Transmission electron micrograph image showed that the catalyst particles were highly distributed on the surface of CNTs. The hydrodechlorination of CNB was mainly affected by the unique structure of CNTs and the nature of the amorphous metals on the surface of CNTs. The relationship between the interaction of CNTs and amorphous metals and the catalytic performance of the catalyst is also discussed. Translated from the Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2005, 26(3) (in Chinese)     

锂离子二次电池电解质材料LiPF6的制备及表征

0引言 液态锂离子电池自1990年开发成功以来,由于具有比能量高、工作电压高、应用温度范围宽、自放电率低、循环寿命长、无污染、安全性能好等许多独特的优势[1],所以其发展前景十分广阔.目前液态锂离子二次电池中开发使用的无机阴离子导电盐主要有LiClO4、LiPF6、LiAsF6等,但LiClO4为强氧化剂,使用不安全而不宜用于电池,LiAsF6虽然性能颇佳,但有毒且价格较贵,故也不宜广泛使用.LiPF6被认为是目前较合适的电解质[1],但其制备困难,价格较贵,且目前报道的合成方法也多是以HF为介质[2～5].本文作者以PF5和LiF为原料在CH3CN溶剂中简单有效地合成了高纯LiPF6,并通过在手套箱中制样的方法对目标产物进行了红外、热重和X射线衍射分析,给出了LiPF6的红外光谱图、热重分析数据和X射线衍射图.     

过硼酸钠对于有机物的氧化作用的研究 II: 氧化偶氮硝基苯类的合成

作者曾报道过硼酸钠在醋酸溶液中可使芳氨基氧化成硝基;McKillop等曾报道将过硼酸钠用于官能团的氧化;Huestis曾报道在冰醋酸溶液中用过硼酸钠将芳胺氧化成偶氮苯。这些都表明过硼酸钠是一种优良的氧化剂,反应条件温和、选择性强、氧化剂本身。价廉且其还原后所生成的硼酸钠易于处理和排放。因此,值得深入研究其应用范围。我们在此则报道一组以过硼酸钠为氧化剂,使芳胺氧化成氧化偶氮苯的条件。最近我们发现,在乙醇-磷酸体系中,过硼酸钠能顺     

C28X4（X=H,Cl）,CX4（X=H,Cl）的结构和电子光谱的理论研究

用ＩＮＤＯ法对Ｃ２８Ｘ４（Ｘ＝Ｈ，Ｃｌ）和ＣＸ４（Ｘ＝Ｈ，Ｃｌ）进行几何构型优化，得到Ｔｄ对称性的构型Ｃ２８Ｘ４有４种键、４种不等同原子，基态为稳定的闭壳层分子，以此构型为基础计算了上述分子的电子光谱，并预测Ｃ２８Ｘ４的电子光谱。     

过硼酸钠对于有机物的氧化作用的研究——Ⅰ.过硼酸钠对于芳胺和芳硫醚的氧化作用

在有机合成中,过硼酸钠用作氧化剂的实例虽为数不多,但其优点已很明显,例如反应条件温和、选择性强、毒性低、价廉,且过硼酸钠还原后生成无毒的硼酸钠,易于处理或排放。因而过硼酸钠是一种很值得研究的新型氧化剂。水文报道了过硼酸钠对于芳胺(邻-和对-硝基苯胺)及含有吸电子基的芳硫醚的氧化作用:     

Protein Adsorption onto Nanosized Hydroxyapatite Particles for Controlled Drug Release

Nanosized hydroxyapatite(nsHAp) was synthesized to examine its possibility as a controlled release carrier of protein. To achieve effective protein release from nanosized hydroxyapatite, the study of the adsorptive properties of protein on nsHAp and different influence parameters such as pH, calcium, and phosphate concentrations during the adsorption process is necessary. Ovalbumin(OVA) was selected as the model of growth factors. The results show that the amount of OVA adsorbed onto nsHAp in acetic buffer(pH=3.6) is more than that in acetic buffer(pH=5.6) because of the electric interaction. The amount of OVA adsorption in phosphate buffer solution(PBS) is smaller than that in acetic buffer because of surface complexation and surface hydroxylation. The presence of Ca2 dramatically increases the adsorbed amount of OVA in acetic buffer on maintaining the same pH. Meanwhile, the release kinetics of OVA adsorbed onto nsHAp(nsHAp-OVA) was also examined. The amount of released OVA in PBS(pH=5.6) was significantly smaller than that released in solution of pH=7.0. All the results suggest that nanosized hydroxyapatite particles could be successfully used as controlled released carrier of protein.     

Brnsted酸性离子液体催化醛(酮)与二元醇的缩合反应

研究了以Bro¨nsted酸性离子液体1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑磷酸二氢盐(BMImH2PO4)为催化剂,在不使用其它有机溶剂且无需脱水的条件下,于室温下进行醛(酮)与二元醇的缩合反应,得到了由中至高的转化率和高选择性.产物1,3-二口恶戊烷可以和反应物自动分层,后处理操作简单.过量的醇与离子液体可以多次重复使用,且醛(酮)的转化率无明显降低.