全文获取类型
收费全文 | 706篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 519篇 |
晶体学 | 8篇 |
力学 | 20篇 |
数学 | 42篇 |
物理学 | 126篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 4篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 8篇 |
2019年 | 13篇 |
2018年 | 11篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 12篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 10篇 |
2013年 | 27篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 50篇 |
2010年 | 29篇 |
2009年 | 30篇 |
2008年 | 41篇 |
2007年 | 49篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 48篇 |
2004年 | 43篇 |
2003年 | 30篇 |
2002年 | 39篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
2000年 | 8篇 |
1999年 | 5篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 11篇 |
1996年 | 13篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 7篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有715条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Several techniques for the reduced dimensionality of finite elementformulations were considered as component mode reduction methods in themiddle sixties. These techniques are widely used in flexiblemultibody simulations for solving small deformation problems. Theabsolute nodal coordinate formulation for solving large rotation anddeformation problems has been established as a full finite elementmethod instead of using similar kinds of reduction techniques. In thispaper, a reduced order absolute nodal coordinate formulation is newlyestablished by introducing the global beam shape function and theanalytical deformation modes as a full finite element. This formulationleads to a constant and symmetric mass matrix as the conventionalabsolute nodal coordinate formulation, and makes it possible to reducethe number of elements and system coordinates of the beam structurewhich undergoes large rotations and large deformations. Numericalexamples show that the excellent agreements between thepresent formulation and the conventional absolute nodal coordinateformulation using a large number of elements are examined. These results demonstratethat the present formulation has high accuracy in the sense that thepresent solutions are similar to the conventional ones with fewersystem coordinates, and high efficiency in computation. 相似文献
82.
Rahim MK Fukaminato T Kamei T Tamaoki N 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2011,27(17):10347-10350
The gliding motility of microtubules driven by kinesin on the surface of an azobenzene monolayer presenting lysine terminal groups is reversibly and repeatedly altered upon photoisomerization of the monolayer. 相似文献
83.
We measured quantitative spectra of firefly (Photinus pyralis) bioluminescence in the presence of Zn2+ and other bivalent metal ions to investigate the effects of these metal ions on luciferin‐luciferase reaction. We studied the dependence of the quantum yield and spectrum on quantity and kind of bivalent metal ions. Adding various amounts of Mg2+, Mn2+ and Ca2+ produced virtually no change in the quantum yields or the spectra of bioluminescence. In contrast, increasing amounts of ions such as Zn2+ and Cd2+ decreased quantum yields and changed the bioluminescence color from yellow‐green to red. Quantitative analysis showed that the sensitivities of the quantum yield and color to various metal ions were in the order of Hg2+>Zn2+, Cd2+>Ni2+, Co2+, Fe2+≫Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+. We propose that the changes in quantum yield and spectrum caused by the metal ions are due to their effect on luciferase that surrounds oxyluciferin during its radioactive decay. We also found that having more metal ions accelerated bioluminescence reactions. The sensitivity of the reaction rate had no correlation with those of the quantum yield and spectrum. 相似文献
84.
Tsukamoto D Ikeda M Shiraishi Y Hara T Ichikuni N Tanaka S Hirai T 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2011,17(35):9816-9824
Semiconductor TiO2 particles loaded with WO3 (WO3/TiO2), synthesized by impregnation of tungstic acid followed by calcination, were used for photocatalytic oxidation of alcohols in water with molecular oxygen under irradiation at λ>350 nm. The WO3/TiO2 catalysts promote selective oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and show higher catalytic activity than pure TiO2. In particular, a catalyst loading 7.6 wt % WO3 led to higher aldehyde selectivity than previously reported photocatalytic systems. The high aldehyde selectivity arises because subsequent photocatalytic decomposition of the formed aldehyde is suppressed on the catalyst. The TiO2 surface of the catalyst, which is active for oxidation, is partially coated by the WO3 layer, which leads to a decrease in the amount of formed aldehyde adsorbed on the TiO2 surface. This suppresses subsequent decomposition of the aldehyde on the TiO2 surface and results in high aldehyde selectivity. The WO3/TiO2 catalyst can selectively oxidize various aromatic alcohols and is reusable without loss of catalytic activity or selectivity. 相似文献
85.
A Pd(II)-catalyzed cascade reaction of chiral nonracemic allylic alcohols possessing an internal mono- or diepoxide and a terminal alcohol provided a contiguous THF-THF ring unit stereospecifically. The cyclization takes place in a 5-exo-tet-5-exo-trig fashion with high chirality transfer through a syn-S(N)2' like process for the formation of the internal THF ring. Chiral bis- and tris-THF-THF ring units were effectively prepared from acyclic precursors by the Pd-catalyzed reaction. 相似文献
86.
That there is a close connection between crude (or suspended) Hopf invariants and the reduced diagonal map has long been known. In this paper we build on a classical result of Boardman and Steer (1967) to explore some further relationships in terms of conic structures. In a related result we show that certain Toda brackets contain crude Hopf invariants as elements. In particular, using this latter observation, detection of crude Hopf invariants can be carried out. 相似文献
87.
The rotational time correlation function (RTCF) of solute benzene molecules in the ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride) has been studied using classical molecular dynamics simulation. The effect of solvent charge on the functional form of RTCF was investigated by comparing four force fields for the solvent where the total charge on the anion and the cation was set to ±1e, ±0.7e, ±0.5e, and 0, respectively. For all three charged solvent models, the RTCF exhibits a long-time tail where the relaxation rate exhibits a significant slowdown. This feature is strengthened by higher solvent charges as well as lower temperatures, indicating the influence of the strong Coulombic fields arising from the solvent charges. The long-time tail is caused by the extraordinarily slow solvent structural relaxation of ionic liquids compared to the time scale of their local vibrational and librational dynamics. 相似文献
88.
Rotational motion of a nitroxide radical, peroxylamine disulfonate (PADS), dissolved in room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) was studied by analyzing electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of PADS in various RTILs. We determined physical properties of PADS such as the hyperfine coupling constant (A), the temperature dependence of anisotropic rotational correlation times (τ(∥) and τ(⊥)), and rotational anisotropy (N). We observed that the A values remain unchanged for various RTILs, which indicates negligible interaction between the N-O PADS group and the cation of RTIL. Large N values suggest strong interaction of the negative sulfonyl parts of PADS with the cations of RTILs. Most of the τ(∥), τ(⊥), and (τ(∥)τ(⊥))(1/2) values are within the range calculated on the basis of a hydrodynamic theory with stick and slip boundary conditions. It was deduced that this theory could not adequately explain the measured results in some RTILs with smaller BF(4) and PF(6) anions. 相似文献
89.
Xie Jian Imanishi Nobuyuki Hirano Atsushi Takeda Yashuo Yamamoto Osamu Zhao Xin-Bing Cao Gao-Shao 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2011,15(9):2031-2039
Ag and Ag2O thin films have been prepared by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on Cu substrates and have been characterized by X-ray
diffraction, scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscope. The electrochemical performance of the thin films has
been studied by galvanostatic cycling and cyclic voltammetry. The potential dependence of Li-ion chemical diffusion coefficients,
[(D)\tilde]\textLi {\widetilde{D}_{\text{Li}}} , of the films has been determined by galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
It is found that Li-ion chemical diffusion coefficients of the Ag film range from 10−16 to 3 × 10−14 cm2 s−1. The Ag/Li2O composite that is formed from Ag2O after the first cycle exhibits higher
[(D)\tilde]\textLi {\widetilde{D}_{\text{Li}}} values than the Ag film, especially at a low Li-intercalation content. The phase transitions in the two-phase region cause
a significant decrease of chemical diffusion coefficients. 相似文献
90.
Takahito Itoh Motoka Ikeda Nobuyuki Hirata Yuji Moriya Zhaoyin Wen Yoshiaki Ichikawa Masataka Kubo Osamu Yamamoto 《Ionics》2002,8(1-2):44-52
Terminal-acetylated hyperbranched poly(ethylene glycol) derivatives containing diethylene, triethylene, and hexaethylene and
3,5-dioxybenzoate branching units (poly-Ac1a, poly-Ac1b, and poly-Ac1c) were synthesized. Electrochemical and thermal properties of the hyperbranched polymer electrolytes with lithium salts such
as LiCF3SO3 and LiN(CF3SO2)2, the composite hyperbranched polymer electrolytes with LiN(CF3SO2)2 containing α-LiAlO2 and γ-LiAlO2 fillers, and the hyperbranched polymer blended poly(ethylene oxide) electrolytes with LiN(CF3SO2)2 were investigated and discussed.
Paper presented at the 8th EuroConference on Ionics, Carvoeire, Algarve, Portugal, Sept. 16–22, 2001. 相似文献