Polyvinyl alcohol-borate hydrogel containing Prussian blue for surface decontamination

A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-borate hydrogel-based strippable surface decontaminant containing an ammonium salt and Prussian blue (PB) was developed for the removal of ¹³⁷Cs from various surfaces. This surface decontaminant can be easily prepared by the simple mixing of commercially available materials, such as PVA, borax, NH₄Cl and PB, in water, and the decontaminant can be peeled off surfaces due to its high elastic property after surface decontamination. The hydrogel displayed an effective removal performance for Cs from painted cement, aluminum, stainless steel, and cement surfaces and a potential for reusability. Therefore, the PB/PVA-borate hydrogel has good potential as a new surface decontaminant.     

Deposition of a Continuous and Conformal Copper Seed Layer by a Large-Area Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Source with Embedded Lisitano Antenna

To deposit copper seed layer on ultra large scale integration devices, a large-area (Ø 378 mm) electron cyclotron resonance plasma has been generated by using permanent magnets-embedded Lisitano antenna. The plasma source operates in the pressure range of 0.2–1.5 mTorr with microwave power range of 500–2,000 W. By using a Langmuir probe, the electron density and temperature have been measured near the DC sputter target position. Measurements indicate argon plasmas having electron densities of ~5 × 10¹⁰/cm and electron temperatures of 5 eV with 750 W microwave power at gas pressures of 0.5 mTorr. Using this plasma source and a DC sputter, we obtained excellent conformal copper seed layer with high aspect ratios of 12:1. This is in contrast with conventional methods using magnetron sputter, which has aspect ratios of 2–3:1. Also, improvements are observed in the smoothness (root mean square roughness of 1.345 nm), uniformity (2.5 % at 300 mm wafer), and sidewall symmetricity (more than 95 %) of the copper seed layer.     

Controlling the spectrum of high-power terahertz radiation from a laser-driven plasma wave

Generation of strong THz waves is a very important and difficult research issue. We performed particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation studies to investigate the possibility of powerful THz generation and spectrum controllability by using a laser-driven plasma wave. Our results show that it is possible to produce spectrum-controllable high-power (>1 MV/cm) THz waves by manipulating the plasma density profiles. This method may provide a good way for coherent high-power THz radiation sources, of which the spectrum ranges from a narrow bandwidth to a wide bandwidth.     

Synthesis of new di-anchoring organic sensitizer based on quinoxaline acceptor for dye-sensitized solar cells

New quinoxaline-based organic sensitizer bearing di-anchoring group for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was synthesized from diethyl 4,5-diaminophthaltate, in which was prepared under mild condition by using Takehito’s method. The synthesized sensitizer was compared with mono-anchoring sensitizer through absorption spectra, emission spectra, J-V curve, and IPCE spectra, indicating the di-anchoring group leads to a noticeable improvement of J_sc value owing to more efficient intramolecular charge transfer and channel number increment.     

The Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás Theorem for operators from c 0 to uniformly convex spaces

We show that the pair of Banach spaces (c ₀, Y) has the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property when Y is uniformly convex. Further, when Y is strictly convex, if (c ₀, Y) has the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property then Y is uniformly convex for the case of real Banach spaces. As a corollary, we show that the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás theorem holds for bilinear forms on c ₀ × ? _p (1 < p < ∞).     

Applicability of in situ detectors for radiological assessment of strontium-90 in rivers and lakes

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry - An in situ detector for radiological assessments of strontium-90 (90Sr) in river and lake water is developed, based on a CaF2(Eu) scintillator,...