冷冻法硝酸磷肥工艺中酸不溶物提纯研究

采用酸浸、磁选酸浸、水淬/研磨酸浸等不同工艺对冷冻法硝酸磷肥生产工艺中的废渣-酸不溶物进行了提纯处理,利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF测试)对酸不溶物提纯前后各成分含量的变化进行了分析,从中得出了不同工艺流程对酸不溶物纯度的影响,最终确定了最佳的酸不溶物处理工艺.结果表明:在酸浸实验中,盐酸酸浸效果最佳,可将酸不溶物中SiO2纯度达到82.43;;在酸浸工艺前加入磁选、水淬、研磨的工序均可有效提升酸不溶物的提纯效果;冷冻法硝酸磷肥工艺中酸不溶物最佳的提纯工艺路线为:干燥、筛分、水洗、磁选、研磨、盐酸酸浸,处理后酸不溶物中SiO2纯度达到88.92;,符合微硅粉的生产要求.     

(Gd,Lu)3Al5O12∶Tb3+,Eu3+透明陶瓷制备与发光性能

通过简单的化学沉淀法制备了纳米前驱体,结合真空烧结工艺,制备了一系列镥稳定钆铝石榴石{(Gd, Lu)₃Al₅O₁₂∶Tb,Eu}透明陶瓷。将透明陶瓷加工成1 mm厚的圆片,对透明陶瓷样品进行了X射线衍射、光致发光、透过率和衰减时间等表征。高温烧结过后,陶瓷样品仍保持稳定的石榴石相。选定313 nm作为透明陶瓷的激发波长,可获得最强的荧光发射。此外,通过对不同样品进行紫外可见荧光测试,获得了由绿光到红光的可调节发射。在313 nm激发,543 nm和591 nm的监测波长下,透明陶瓷样品均具有Eu³⁺的毫秒级衰减时间。     

CuO/SBA-15催化剂上巴豆醛选择性加氢

通过γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷(APTS)偶联与Cu2 离子络合两步法将CuO负载到介孔分子筛SBA-15上,制得CuO/SBA-15催化剂,考察了催化剂的巴豆醛选择性加氢反应性能.通过X射线粉末衍射、氮气吸脱附和程序升温还原(TPR)技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,SBA-15分子筛负载CuO后保持原有的介孔结构,但是孔容和比面表积随着CuO负载量的增大而下降.TPR结果表明CuO/SBA-15系列催化剂有三种CuO物种:高分散CuO、晶相CuO和进入SBA-15分子筛骨架的Cu2 .高分散CuO物种对巴豆醛加氢反应的催化活性最高,晶相CuO物种次之,而进入SBA-15分子筛骨架的Cu2 物种几乎没有活性.     

中空MOFs材料制备及电催化应用的研究进展

水分裂、金属-空气电池和燃料电池等能源转换技术对解决未来的能源危机和环境问题至关重要.氧还原反应(ORR)、氧析出反应(OER)和氢析出反应(HER)作为其核心反应,存在反应动力学速率较慢的问题,因此,开发研制高效的非贵金属电催化剂具有重要意义.金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料因具有高度可调的组成和多孔晶体结构,在不同的应用领域引起了越来越多的关注.中空MOFs纳米材料具有MOFs材料高度可调的组成和结构优势,又具有中空结构纳米材料的优点(如更快的物质传输、更丰富的孔隙率、灵活多变的活性组分、更多的暴露活性位点及对苛刻条件的更好相容性等),在电催化领域显现出巨大的应用潜力.本文对近几年来基于中空结构MOFs材料的制备及在电催化方面应用的研究进展进行了综合评述,并对该领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了总结和展望.     

Tensor logarithmic norm and its applications

Matrix logarithmic norm is an important quantity, which characterize the stability of linear dynamical systems. We propose the logarithmic norms for tensors and tensor pairs, and extend some classical results from the matrix case. Moreover, the explicit forms of several tensor logarithmic norms and semi‐norms are also derived. Employing the tensor logarithmic norms, we bound the real parts of all the eigenvalues of a complex tensor and study the stability of a class of nonlinear dynamical systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

微生物肥料对西红花生长及代谢物的影响

在大田条件下,研究了重茬净、微生物菌剂、锦能菌宝、自制活性生物肥料4种不同微生物肥料对西红花产量、代谢物和根际微生物生态的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,施用微生物肥料后,根际土壤中好酸性的细菌呈减少趋势,而嗜中性或碱性的细菌呈增加趋势,4种微生物肥料均能提高西红花有效球比例,表明增施微生物肥料具有缓解西红花连作障碍的功效。同时,增施重茬净、微生物菌剂、锦能菌宝和自制活性生物肥料分别引起2,3,3和13种代谢物含量上调和2,3,2和4种代谢物含量下调。     

Isotropic polynomial invariants of Hall tensor

The Hall tensor emerges from the study of the Hall effect, an important magnetic effect observed in electric conductors and semiconductors. The Hall tensor is third-order and three-dimensional, whose first two indices are skew-symmetric. This paper investigates the isotropic polynomial invariants of the Hall tensor by connecting it with a second-order tensor via the third-order Levi-Civita tensor. A minimal isotropic integrity basis with 10 invariants for the Hall tensor is proposed. Furthermore, it is proved that this minimal integrity basis is also an irreducible isotropic function basis of the Hall tensor.     

A Simple,Low-cost Method to Fabricate Drag-reducing Coatings on a Macroscopic Model Ship

A low-cost method was used to fabricate superhydrophobic coatings on a macroscopic model ship and the drag-reducing effect was investigated at both low and high speed. Hierarchical structures of the superhydrophobic copper coatings were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). Drag coefficient tests on surfaces with different wettability(superhydrophilic, hydrophilic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces) showed that the as-prepared superhydrophobic surface exhibited a high remarkable drag reduction of 81% at a low speed of 1 mm/s. In the drag-reducing tests with model ship, the superhydrophobic coatings also exhibited around 16% drag reduction at a velocity of 0.3 m/s.     

A binary coding method of RNA secondary structure and its application

According to the three classifications of nucleotides, we introduce a sort of binary coding method of RNA secondary structures. On the basis of this representation, we can reduce a RNA secondary structure into three binary digit sequences. We also propose coding rules based on the exclusive‐OR operation. Associating with the proposed coding rules, we can judge the mutation between bases or between base and base pair, and make sequence alignment easily. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009     

聚苯乙烯荧光乳液的制备及其性能研究

为了实现萘酰亚胺水性化以及提高与纸张的结合性,通过乳液聚合法制备了聚苯乙烯荧光乳液,并对其合成条件进行了优化。通过红外、凝胶渗透色谱法确定其结构;利用紫外、荧光光谱测定其光学性能;采用扫描电镜和透射电镜对其形貌进行了观测。通过计算得出其荧光量子产率为78.57%。聚合物涂布于纸张表面后,初始白度增大了8.19%（ISO）。在紫外老化箱老化48 h后,涂有聚合物的纸张的白度分别比空白纸和涂有小分子荧光增白剂的纸张下降了3.68%（ISO）和3.16%（ISO）,说明所制得的聚合物乳液与纸张结合性好,具有一定的增白及返黄抑制作用。