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991.
为了检测三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的浓度,利用微系统(MEMS)技术小批量加工薄膜金电极,采用自组装法将巯基修饰的三磷酸腺苷适体固定到金电极表面,以三磷酸腺苷适体作为识别元件,构建了一种基于共面薄膜金电极的三磷酸腺苷适体传感器。依据核酸磷酸骨架荷负电特性静电排斥[Fe(CN)6]3!/4!所引起的阻抗变化实现对ATP浓度的检测。首先采用电化学阻抗谱法研究了裸金电极及ATP加入前后、6-巯基己醇封闭电极前后以及不同自组装时间(3,8,15,24和30 h)条件下,电极在电化学阻抗溶液中阻抗值变化。然后研究了不同浓度ATP适体传感器的电化学阻抗谱以及适体传感器的线性度和重复性。结果表明,在自组装时间为24 h,使用6-巯基己醇封闭金电极的条件下,此传感器线性测量范围可达到1~500 nmol/L,检出限为1 nmol/L,线性相关系数为0.9842。此传感器制作简单,检出限低且重复性好。 相似文献
992.
Wet air oxidation(WAO), a liquid phase reaction between organic materials in water and oxygen, is one of the most economical and technologically viable advanced oxidation processes for wastewater treatment, particularly toxic and high organic content wastewater. WAO is the liquid phase oxidation of organics or oxidizable inorganic components at elevated temperatures(125–320 °C) and pressures(0.5–20 MPa) using gaseous oxygen(or air) as oxidant. In the past two decades, the WAO process was widely studied and applied in the treatment of dye wastewater. Compared to conventional WAO, catalytic WAO processes have higher efficiency and use moderate reaction conditions. The catalysts included homogenous and heterogeneous types. The key points that need to be solved are recycling of homogenous catalysts and better stability of heterogeneous catalysts. In the present review, the technological processes are first introduced, then some research history and hotspots of WAO research are presented, and finally, its application in the treatment of dye wastewater in the past two decades is summarized to reveal the impressive changes in modes, trends, and conditions used. The application includes model pollutant studies and wastewater tests. 相似文献
993.
通过在位库伦校正的密度泛函理论(DFT+U)方法计算,我们研究了CO和NOx分子在Au负载CeO2(110)表面的吸附. 结果表明,CO在Au纳米颗粒的顶位有很强的吸附能,大约为1.2 eV,而NO在Au纳米颗粒上或者Au与CeO2载体界面处都是弱吸附. 然而,当NOx在界面处形成N2O2二聚体之后,通过断裂末端的N-O键能够有效地被降解. 纵观整个反应过程,第一步CO+N2O2的反应遵循了Langmuir-Hinshelwood机理,活化能只有0.4 eV,通过形成ONNOCO的中间物种最终产生N2O和CO2. 不同的是,第二步消除N2O反应遵循了Eley-Rideal碰撞机理,需要相当高的能垒,约为1.8 eV. 通过进一步分析表明,稀土Ce元素独特的电子特性能够使电子从Au上转移并且局域到载体表面的Ce阳离子上,并且有助于形成带负电的N2O2分子. 而且Au纳米颗粒有很强的结构流动性,能够促进吸附的CO分子靠近界面处的N2O2并与之反应. 相似文献
994.
Two 5-pyrimidinyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized through two different routes and their structures were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR and MS. Compound 3, 5-(2-chloro-4-methyl-6-phenylpyrimidin-5-yl)-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group Pbca with a = 19.1575(11), b = 8.2115(5), c = 21.2035(12), V = 3335.6(3)3 and Z = 4. Compound 6, 5-(2,6-dichloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole, crystallizes in monoclinic space group Pn with a = 8.4275(13), b = 5.4088(8), c = 13.493(2), β = 99.768(3)o, V = 4658.6(6)3 and Z = 8. Preliminary bioassay indicated that the two title compounds had good herbicidal activities. 相似文献
995.
This contribution reports ethylene polymerization behavior of titanium complexes incorporating bis(phenoxyimine) ligands. Six phenoxy-imine Ti(IV) complexes {6-R1-2-[CH=N(2,6-difluoro-3,5-diR2-4-R3Ph)]C6H3O}2TiCl2(1: R1 = H, R2 = H, R3 = H; 2: R1 = H, R2 = H, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl; 3: R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = H; 4: R1 = CH3, R2 = H, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl; 5: R1 = CH3, R2 = F, R3 = H; 6: R1 = CH3, R2 = F, R3 = 4-vinylphenyl) have been synthesized and evaluated for ethylene polymerization using dried MAO(simplified as DMAO) as cocatalyst. An obvious catalytic heterogeneity of Cat 2(Complex 2/DMAO) towards ethylene polymerization was observed, which was illustrated by decreased activity, multimodal molecular weight distribution and partially improved particle morphology comparing with Cat 1. Moreover, Cat 3 exhibits "living" characteristics in the process under certain conditions(25 °C, less than 20 min). Otherwise, the moderate to high ethylene polymerization activity of ca. 105-106 g PE/(mol Ti·h) and high molecular weight(Mw = 105-106) of polyethylene can be obtained by changing the skeleton structure of these complexes. 相似文献
996.
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide-co-glycolide)(PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymer was synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization of LA and GA with PEG as macroinitiator and stannous octoate as catalyst. The amphiphilic copolymer self-assembled into micelles in aqueous solutions, and formed hydrogels as the increase of temperature at relatively high concentrations(〉 15 wt%). The favorable degradability of the hydrogel was confirmed by in vitro and in vivo degradation experiments. The good cellular and tissular compatibilities of the thermogel were demonstrated. The excellent adhesion and proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells endowed PLGA-PEGPLGA thermogelling hydrogel with fascinating prospect for cartilage tissue engineering. 相似文献
997.
Zhimei Wei Quanchao Zhang Minle Peng Xiaojun Wang Shengru long Jie Yang 《Colloid and polymer science》2014,292(6):1339-1345
The focus of this work was the preparation of hollow ultrafine fibers with a multilayer wall via coaxial electrospinning technology in one step and then studied their drug delivery properties. In this paper, by choosing a suitable dilute hydrophilic polymer solution as the core solution, polyethersulfone (PES) hollow ultrafine fibers with two different layers wall (porous structure layer and dense smooth layer) were formed during coaxial electrospinning process in one step. They showed good drug delivery capacity when curcumin was used as the model drug. There were much larger delivery amounts, more stable release rate, and higher utilization rate of PES hollow ultrafine fibers with a multilayer wall to curcumin than that of PES porous ultrafine fibers. Compared with porous ultrafine fibers, hollow ultrafine fibers with two different layers wall were more suitable to be used as drug delivery materials. Besides, between the two hollow ultrafine fibers with two different layers wall mentioned in this paper, there was much better drug delivery capacity for the hollow fibers produced with the core solution of PVA/DMSO. These results showed that PES hollow ultrafine fibers with two different layers wall have the potential to be used as the drug delivery materials. 相似文献
998.
Xiaojian Shi Yelian Miao Jie Yu Chen Jun Chen Wenli Li Xun He Jining Wang 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2014,172(6):3042-3053
Freeze-tolerant baker’s yeasts are required for the processing of frozen doughs. The present study was carried out to investigate the cell survival rate after frozen storage and the change of fermentability in dough due to frozen storage, and to discuss quantitatively the relationship of freeze tolerance with intracellular trehalose, amino acids, and glycerol, using six types of baker’s yeasts as the test materials. The experimental results showed that the fermentability of yeast cells in frozen dough was strongly correlated with the cell survival rate. The baker’s yeast with a higher level of cell survival rate had a larger increase in the total intracellular compound content after frozen storage, and the cell survival rate increased linearly with increasing total intracellular compound content in frozen yeast cells. Trehalose was a primary compound affecting freeze tolerance, followed by glutamic acid, arginine, proline, asparagic acid, and glycerol. The basic information provided by the present study is useful for exploring the freeze-tolerance mechanisms of baker’s yeast cells, breeding better freeze-tolerant baker’s yeast strains, and developing more effective cryoprotectants. 相似文献
999.
1000.
Polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) spatial light modulators are attractive for display and photonic applications because they can achieve submillisecond response time while keeping a large phase change. However, their on-state scattering caused by the grain boundary of LC multidomains hinders their applications. In this article, we review recent progress on the development of scattering-free PNLCs extending from short-wavelength infrared to visible region by reducing the domain sizes to ∼200 nm through low temperature curing process. To reduce operation voltage, both transmissive and reflective modes, LC material properties (birefringence and dielectric anisotropy), polymer composition and concentration, and pretilt angle effect are analyzed. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2014 , 52, 183–192 相似文献