Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Two New Macrocyclic Compounds

Two new macrocyclic compounds, [Cu2(L)2](ClO4)4·2CH3OH (1) and [Cu(L)](ClO4)2·2H2O (2) (L = 1,3,10,12,15,18-hexaazatetracyclodocosane) were synthesized by condensation reactions involving amines and formaldehyde in the presence of copper anion. Compound 1 crystallizes in triclinic, space group Pí with a = 10.442(2), b = 14.197(3), c = 17.388(4), α = 91.218(4), β = 90.69(3), γ = 93.756(4)o, V = 2520.4(9)3, Z = 2, F(000) = 1260, Dc = 1.589 Mg/m3, Mr = 1205.92, μ = 1.137 mm-1, λ = 0.71073, the final R = 0.0668 and wR = 0.1573 for 9703 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). Compound 2 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 16.911(2), b = 11.4172(15), c = 27.059(4), β = 107.787(2)o, V = 4974.7(12)3, Z = 8, F(000) = 2504, Dc = 1.610 Mg/m3, Mr = 602.92, μ = 1.155 mm-1, λ = 0.71073 , the final R = 0.0419 and wR = 0.1131 for 4374 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I).     

表面活性剂在水-有机两相体系中对β-葡萄糖苷酶催化合成红景天苷的影响

采用缓冲液/正己烷为反应体系,比较了几类表面活性剂(CTAB,SDS,SDBS,Tween 20)对酶活的影响.并在该反应体系中,考察了表面活性剂对β-葡萄糖苷酶催化合成红景天苷的反应中底物转化率以及初始反应速率的影响,确定了反应混合体系的适宜含水量.结果表明,在水/有机两相体系中,HLB值较高的SDS对酶的失活体现出了一定的抑制作用,其余表面活性剂均对酶失活起了不同程度的加速作用.在几类表面活性剂各自最适添加浓度下,CTAB,SDS,Tween 20三组均将底物转化率从9.2%提高到11%左右.不添加表面活性剂所测得的初始反应速率最高,Tween 20组次之,离子型表面活性剂添加组最低.对于SDS添加组,当其含水量为10%时,底物转化率可以达到22.3%.     

硼的添加对Ti0.26Zr0.07V0.24Mn0.1Ni0.33贮氢合金结构和电化学性能的影响

Ti_0.26Zr_0.07V_0.24Mn_0.1Ni_0.33Bx(x=0~0.10)系列合金均有V基固溶体相和C14型Laves相两相组成。添加B可提高Ti_0.26Zr_0.07V_0.24 Mn_0.1Ni_0.33合金的放电容量, Ti_0.26Zr_0.07V_0.24Mn_0.1Ni_0.33B0.1合金电极在60 mA·g^-1电流放电时的放电容量达到476.7 mAh·g^-1.B的添加不同程度地降低了合金的高倍率放电性能, 使合金电极表面上电化学反应的电荷转移电阻(R_ct)显着增加, 交换电流密度(I₀)显着降低。添加B可显着改善Ti_0.26Zr_0.07V_0.24Mn_0.1Ni_0.33合金电极的高温放电性能, Ti_0.26Zr_0.07V_0.24Mn_0.1Ni_0.33B_0.025合金电极在343 K高温下其放电容量达到525.6 mAh·g^-1.     

含乙酰氧肟酸配体的席夫碱钒配合物的合成、结构及其抑制幽门螺旋杆菌脲酶研究

本文合成了2个新的含乙酰氧肟酸配体的席夫碱钒配合物,[V^ⅢL¹(HAHA)](1)和[V^ⅤOL²(AHA)](2),其中L¹为N,N’-二(5-甲基水杨基)乙烷-1,2-二胺的二价阴离子,L²为2-{[2-(2-羟乙基氨基)乙亚胺基]甲基}-6-甲基苯酚的一价阴离子,HAHA和AHA分别为乙酰氧肟酸的一价和二价阴离子,通过物理-化学方法以及单晶X-射线衍射表征了它们的结构。在每个化合物中,V原子都采取八面体配位构型。本文还研究了配合物的热稳定性以及其对幽门螺旋杆菌脲酶的抑制活性。在浓度为100μmol·L^-1时,配合物1和2对脲酶的抑制率分别为37.2%和81.5%,其中配合物2的IC₅₀值为21.5μmol·L^-1。分子对接研究表明配合物2与脲酶活性中心存在有效的作用力。     

氨基化多壁碳纳米管的制备与表征

以多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)为原料,经自由基反应,制备了氰基改性的多壁碳纳米管,然后采用Al-NiCl2.6H2O-THF体系还原氰基得到了氨基化的碳纳米管。通过拉曼光谱仪、热重分析仪、X射线光电子能谱仪和透射电子显微镜对产物的结构与形貌进行了表征。结果表明:氨基通过共价键枝接在MWNTs的表面,氨基化多壁碳纳米管每1000个表面碳原子中有17.1个转化为氨基;该反应条件温和,反应时间短,且不破坏MWNTs的结构。     

基于电喷雾电离质谱的人肝癌细胞HepG2与正常肝细胞L02的N-糖链的定性定量比较

以培养的原发性肝癌细胞HepG2和正常肝细胞L02为研究对象,采用细胞裂解液提取总蛋白,用PNGase F酶解释放N-糖链,以微晶纤维素柱结合石墨碳柱纯化分离N-糖链,通过电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和串联质谱(MS/MS)对N-糖链进行序列鉴定,以β-环糊精为内标对2种细胞系的N-糖链进行了定量比较分析.结果表明,在肝癌细胞系HepG2和正常细胞系L02中共检测到26种N-糖链,与L02相比,HepG2的大多数高甘露糖型糖链、唾液酸化糖链和岩藻糖基化糖链的数量都明显升高,其中有15种糖链在数量上具有极显著性差异(p0.01),1种糖链具有显著性差异(p0.05).本研究为进一步探索肝癌中各类N-糖链的表达特点及发现早期肝癌糖链标志物提供了参考.     

氧化钙对流化床燃煤飞灰中砷的淋滤特性影响

在实验室小型流化床实验装置上,利用添加氧化钙研究了原煤中钙硫比变化对燃煤过程中砷在飞灰中的富集规律和飞灰中砷的浸出特性的影响。实验结果表明,增加钙硫比能有效促进砷在飞灰中富集,降低砷的排放。砷与氧化钙的反应受制于钙的硫化反应控制。飞灰中砷的浸出与滤液pH值关系显著,碱性飞灰导致滤液pH值增大,能有效抑制飞灰中砷的浸出。碱性飞灰中砷的浸出历程为飞灰中砷在短时间内快速溶出;随着滤液pH值增大,溶出的砷与钙发生二次反应形成钙砷化合物沉淀,降低滤液中砷浓度。     

基于微观粒子运动本质再探核外电子运动的教学设计与实施*

高中选择性必修阶段对核外电子运动再探究需要在学科理解视域下认识核外电子运动的本质规律。通过原子结构模型的演变过程抽提核外电子运动的本原性问题,在本原性问题解决的学习任务中引导学生发展性地建构原子结构模型。基于微观粒子运动的本质认识核外电子的运动特征和描述方式,建构核外电子运动的微观认识视角。     

化学综合测试平台在化学创新型人才培养中的作用

科研平台在创新型人才培养中有重要的支撑和保障作用,通过课程建设、平台资源整合和开放共享、技术培训、学生直接参与科研活动等方式,探索了测试平台为学院本科创新型人才培养发挥更多作用的路径。充分利用测试平台的资源优势,为人才培养发挥更多作用,对于提升学生观察、分析和解决问题的能力,以及培养学生的科研思维具有重要的促进作用。     

Recent Progress in High-Performance Lithium Sulfur Batteries: The Emerging Strategies for Advanced Separators/Electrolytes Based on Nanomaterials and Corresponding Interfaces

Lithium-sulfur (Li−S) batteries, possessing excellent theoretical capacities, low cost and nontoxicity, are one of the most promising energy storage battery systems. However, poor conductivity of elemental S and the “shuttle effect” of lithium polysulfides hinder the commercialization of Li−S batteries. These problems are closely related to the interface problems between the cathodes, separators/electrolytes and anodes. The review focuses on interface issues for advanced separators/electrolytes based on nanomaterials in Li−S batteries. In the liquid electrolyte systems, electrolytes/separators and electrodes system can be decorated by nano materials coating for separators and electrospinning nanofiber separators. And, interface of anodes and electrolytes/separators can be modified by nano surface coating, nano composite metal lithium and lithium nano alloy, while the interface between cathodes and electrolytes/separators is designed by nano metal sulfide, nanocarbon-based and other nano materials. In all solid-state electrolyte systems, the focus is to increase the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolytes and reduce the resistance in the cathode/polymer electrolyte and Li/electrolyte interfaces through using nanomaterials. The basic mechanism of these interface problems and the corresponding electrochemical performance are discussed. Based on the most critical factors of the interfaces, we provide some insights on nanomaterials in high-performance liquid or state Li−S batteries in the future.