Comparison of alkenyl succinic anhydride emulsions stabilized by laponite modified with ethylamine,diethylamine and triethylamine

The modifications of laponite particles with three short amines, that is, ethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine, were compared and the amine-modified laponites were used to stabilize alkenyl succinic anhydride emulsions. The results show that the emulsion stability can be improved while the emulsion droplet size can be reduced by using the amines to modify laponite particles. Among the three amines, the diethylamine exerts the largest while the triethylamine exerts the smallest effects on the zeta potential of laponite, the turbidity of laponite aqueous dispersion and the emulsion stability and morphology. The emulsion with the smallest droplet size shows the highest sizing performance.     

Silica nanoparticles doped with an iridium(III) complex for rapid and fluorometric detection of cyanide

We describe a nanosensor for sensitive and selective detection of cyanide anions. The Ir(III) chlorine bridge complex [Ir(C^N)₂-m-Cl]₂ (Irpq, where pq is C^N = 2-phenyl quinoline) was doped into silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) with a typical size of about 30 nm. The intensity of the yellow emission of the doped SiNPs (under 410 nm exCitation) was strongly enhanced on addition of cyanide ions due to the replacement of chloride by cyanide. The method can detect cyanide ions in the 12.5 to 113 μM concentration range, and the limit of detection is 1.66 μM (at an S/N ratio of 3). The method is simple, sensitive and fast, and this makes it a candidate probe for the fast optical determination of cyanide.

The nanosensor is exploiting the cyanide-induced enhancement of the fluorescence of silica nanoparticles doped with an Ir(III) complex which is the result of the replacement of chloride by cyanide.

     

The stability and the nonlinear elasticity of 2D hexagonal structures of Si and Ge from first-principles calculations

By using the first-principles calculations based on the density-functional theory (DFT), we study the stability and the nonlinear elasticity of two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal structures of Si and Ge. The reproduced structure optimization and phonon-dispersion curves demonstrate that Si and Ge can form stable 2D hexagonal lattices with low-buckled structures, and provide a good agreement with the previous DFT calculations. The second- and third-order elastic constants are calculated by using the method of homogeneous deformation. The present results of the linear elastic moduli agree well with the previous results. In comparison with the linear approach, the nonlinear effects really matter while strain is larger than approximately 3.5%. The force-displacement behaviors and the breaking strength of 2D hexagonal Si and Ge are discussed using the nonlinear stress-strain relationship. By using the available results of graphene, we reasonably demonstrate that the radius of the atom increases and breaking strength of this element decreases for 2D hexagonal structures of group IV-elements.     

Determination of the Content of Trace Elements in Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff

采用高分辨全谱直读电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定了羊红膻(Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff)药材地上与地下不同部位中含Cu、K、Na、Fe、Se、Mg、As、Ca、Cd、Cr、Mn、Ni、P、Pb和Zn等15种微量元素含量,并进行了比较.结果表明,重金属As和Pb几乎检测不到,K含量均高;同时也为羊红膻药理作用及临床用药提供科学依据.     

CO2 gas induced drug release from pH-sensitive liposome to circumvent doxorubicin resistant cells

A novel pH-sensitive liposome encapsulating doxorubicin was prepared by a NH(4)HCO(3) gradient method. The liposomes were able to release the drug at pH 5.0 by the production of CO(2) gas. More importantly, the drug-loaded liposome effectively circumvented the breast cancer cells resistant to doxorubicin.     

Simultaneous Identification and Quantitative Determination of Amino Acids in Mixture by NMR Spectroscopy Using Chemometric Resolution

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy receives increasing interest in biological and metabolomic studies. It is still, however, a great challenge to analyze the NMR spectra of multicomponent samples, containing overlapping responses of the compositions. In this work, nonnegative independent component analysis (nonnegative ICA) and immune algorithm (IA) were employed for simultaneous identification and quantitative determination of three amino acids in mixture samples from measured multicomponent NMR signals. Results show that the correlation coefficients (R) between the extracted and measured spectra are higher than 0.97 and that those between the calculated relative contents and experimental ones are higher than 0.99. The method may provide an alternative technique for analyzing multicomponent samples like biofluids by using NMR spectroscopy.     

Cavity-dumped electro-optical Q-switched Nd:GdVO4 laser with high repetition rate

We reported a cavity-dumped operation of electro-optical Q-switched Nd:GdVO₄ laser at high repetition rates for the first time. A constant 5.5 ns pulse duration was realized. The maximum average output power was 5.1 W at the highest repetition rate of 50 kHz, corresponding to a peak power of 18.5 kW.     

基于二维相关近红外谱参数化及BP神经网络的掺杂牛奶鉴别

将二维相关近红外谱参数化方法与BP神经网络结合,建立掺杂牛奶与纯牛奶的判别模型。分别配制含有尿素牛奶(1～20 g·L-1)和三聚氰胺牛奶(0.01～3 g·L-1)样品各40个。研究了纯牛奶、掺杂牛奶的二维相关近红外谱特性,在此基础上,分别提取了各样品二维相关同步谱的5个特征参数。将这5个特征参数作为BP神经网络的输入,分别建立掺杂尿素、掺杂三聚氰胺、两种掺杂牛奶与纯牛奶的判别模型,采用这些模型对未知样品进行预测,其预测正确率分别为95%,100%和96.7%。研究结果表明：该方法有效地提取了牛奶中掺杂目标物的特征光谱信息,同时又减少了BP神经网络输入变量的维数,实现了掺杂牛奶与纯牛奶的鉴别。     

用于基因传递系统控制释放的可生物降解高分子材料

综述了用于基因传递系统控制释放的各类高分子材料包括天然高分子及其衍生物、合成高分子,并介绍了它们在基因治疗和组织工程领域中的应用.