平行速度剪切驱动湍流引起的粒子输运

通过离子温度梯度及平行速度剪切的准线性湍流理论，得到了由杂质离子及抵频E×B湍流所驱动的径向离子流及相应的输运系数．理论分析表明，主要离子和杂质离子的径向离子流具有相反的方向，并随着平衡流速剪切以及杂质离子的密度梯度的变化而改变．增强平行速度剪切对主要离子的约束可产生有利影响 关键词：     

原子核反应系统的最优控制问题

本文讨论基于单能静态稆向同性迁移方程的原子核反应堆系统的最优控制问题。本文把散射裂变截面函数当作控制变量，在一定条件下，证得最优控制的存在唯一性。本文最后给出最优散射裂变截控制存在的一个必要条件。     

Hybrid Method for Tokamak MHD Equilibrium Configuration Reconstruction

A hybrid method for tokamak MHD equilibrium configuration reconstruction is proposed and employed in the modified EFIT code. This method uses the free boundary tokamak equilibrium configuration reconstruction algorithm with one boundary point fixed. The results show that the position of the fixed point has explicit effects on the reconstructed divertor configurations. In particular, the separatrix of the reconstructed divertor configuration precisely passes the required position when the hybrid method is used in the reconstruction. The profiles of plasma parameters such as pressure and safety factor for reconstructed HL-2A tokamak configurations with the hybrid and the free boundary methods are compared. The possibility for applications of the method to swing the separatrix strike point on the divertor target plate is discussed.     

基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱法检测罕见单糖合成酶

以VioF(普罗威登斯菌O30中O抗原基因簇内)编码的甲酰基转移酶酶促反应产物为研究对象,采用碰撞诱导解离(CID)负离子模式基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)技术建立简单、高效的罕见单糖合成酶监测方法。本方法首先直接质谱分析0.3μL未经色谱分离、除盐处理的酶促反应混合物,随后应用CID串联质谱技术对酶活反应产物进行结构表征,实现酶活反应的快速监测。结果表明:高能CID MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS平台适用于新建克隆的单糖合成酶酶活反应的监测,与现有的监测方法相比,在速度、灵敏度、重现性、自动化和溶剂消耗方面具有绝对优势。     

A nonlinear wave coupling algorithm and its programing and application in plasma turbulences

The fully developed turbulence can be regarded as a nonlinear system, with wave coupling inside, which causes the nonlinear energy to transfer, and drives the turbulence to develop further or be suppressed. Spectral analysis is one of the most effective methods to study turbulence system. In order to apply it to the study of the nonlinear wave coupling process of edge plasma turbulence, an efficient algorithm based on spectral analysis technology is proposed to solve the nonlinear wave coupling equation. The algorithm is based on a mandatory temporal static condition with the nonideal spectra separated from the ideal spectra. The realization idea and programing flow are given. According to the characteristics of plasma turbulence, the simulation data are constructed and used to verify the algorithm and its implementation program. The simulation results and experimental results show the accuracy of the algorithm and the corresponding program, which can play a great role in the studying the energy transfer in edge plasma turbulences. As an application, the energy cascade analysis of typical edge plasma turbulence is carried out by using the results of a case calculation. Consequently, a physical picture of the energy transfer in a kind of fully developed turbulence is constructed, which confirms that the energy transfer in this turbulent system develops from lower-frequency region to higher-frequency region and from linear growing wave to damping wave.     

Radio-frequency compressed electron pulse-width characterization by cross-correlation between electron bunches and laser-induced plasma

A method is proposed to determine the temporal width of high-brightness radio-frequency compressed electron pulses based on cross-correlation technique involving electron bunches and laser-induced plasma. The temporal evolution of 2-dimensional transverse profile of ultrafast electron bunches repelled by the formed transient electric field of laser-induced plasma on a silver needle is investigated, and the pulse-width can be obtained by analyzing these time-dependent images.This approach can characterize radio-frequency compressed ultrafast electron bunches with picosecond or sub-picosecond timescale and up to 105 electron numbers.     

QuEChERS-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定中草药中22种三唑类农药残留

建立了“浙八味”中草药中22种三唑类杀菌剂农药残留的简便、快速和精准分析方法。以白术为代表性基质,对QuEChERS前处理方法进行改良,样品经乙腈萃取后,选取10 mg羧基化多壁碳纳米管和20 mg C18组合作为净化吸附剂,并采用液相色谱-串联质谱进行分析;对建立的方法进行了系统考察,糠菌唑、氟环唑和乙环唑的线性范围为2.5～200μg/L,其余农药的线性范围为1～200μg/L,相关系数(R)均大于0.99;在10、20、100和200μg/kg的添加水平下平均回收率为77.0～115%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均低于9.4%;本方法的检出限为1～2.5μg/kg,定量限为10～20μg/kg;通过添加回收试验验证该方法对“浙八味”其他中草药的适用性,目标农药在不同基质中的平均回收率为76.4%～123%, RSD均低于12.2%。利用该方法检测了市售30份“浙八味”中草药中三唑类农药残留,结果显示,浙贝母和杭白菊中有三唑类农药检出,其中浙贝母中均检出苯醚甲环唑,含量为41.4～110μg/kg,杭白菊中检出苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑、三唑醇和丙环唑,含量为16.1～250μg/kg。所建立...     

高能物理实验的离线计算

正高能物理研究组成物质的基本粒子及其相互作用规律,是物理学研究中的最前沿。当今,高能物理实验规模一般都很大,需要成百上千的科学家参加。高能物理实验的周期比较长,从实验设计到目标的实现通常会经历十几年甚至几十年的时间。实验产生的海量实验数据,需要借助先进的计算机技术来处理和分析,实验的需求也助推了计算机信息技术的不断发展。近年来,我国物理学家在以我为主的高能物理实验中取得了令人瞩目的成绩,其中包括北京正负电子对撞