积雪-荒漠植被及其组合反射光谱特征观测实验及分析

光谱混合机制研究对混合像元解算具有一定指导意义。利用全波段光谱仪累积期和消融期对规则和非规则分布模式下积雪-荒漠植被混合像元及纯净积雪和荒漠植被像元控制式采集反射光谱。K-均值法计算采集影像积雪和荒漠植被面积比并分析其对应混合像元光谱变化特征以获取更加精细的光谱特征信息,准同步Tetracam ADC3(Agricultural Digital Camera 3)采集图像并计算典型指数,从微观尺度上证实了混合像元主要出现在地类边界处。结果发现,1 456～1 697 nm粗粒径冻结雪反射光谱高于新雪反射光谱,新雪反射光谱明显高于陈雪;因冻结覆冰,荒漠植被光谱为积雪、冰晶和植被枝干混合光谱信息,新降积雪覆盖植被光谱特征为积雪和植被枝干的混合光谱信息,不存在常规绿色植被“红边”效应;采集角度为5°和10°时光谱低于垂直角度采集光谱,角度大于10°随角度增加荒漠植被光谱逐渐增大。像元内各个组成物质的面积比及所处像元的位置、采集角度和方向都会影响混合像元的光谱组合信息。     

The 10 kW Level High Brightness Face-Pumped Slab Nd:YAG Amplifier with a Hybrid Cooling System

We demonstrate a high power, high brightness, slab amplifier based on face-pumped Nd:YAG slab gain modules,having a high efficient hybrid cooling system of the conduction cooling and forced convection cooling. Using a single gain module, a laser output power up to 4.5 kW with a remarkable optical-optical conversion efficiency of 51% is realized, indicating an excellent lasing performance of the Nd:YAG slab module. The amplifier operates at a repetition rate of 700 Hz and delivers a maximum average output power exceeding 10.5 kW with pulse duration of 150us. A good beam quality factor is measured to be β = 1.9. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest brightness for a 10 kW level Nd:YAG slab amplifier.     

激光主动干涉条纹间距识别光学目标口径

利用物理光学相关知识及Collins衍射积分公式和硬边光阑的复高斯函数分解法,推导得到目标处干涉图样条纹间距与光学目标反射光时间分布关系的解析表达式.从原理分析、仿真计算和实验研究等方面研究了干涉场的条纹间距、光学目标口径参数和反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数、峰峰间距和峰峰比之间定量关系.结果表明,当条纹间距的大小约为目标的口径尺寸时,反射光时间分布包络的峰峰数由单峰向多峰过渡,峰峰间距和峰峰比曲线会出现极大值,根据这一变化规律可以估测出光学目标的口径参数,其估测精度受条纹间距可调节范围的影响.     

MEH-PPV/ZnO-QDs聚合物太阳电池光伏性能研究

采用聚[2-甲氧基-5-(2-乙基己氧基)对苯乙撑](MEH-PPV)以及ZnO量子点(ZnO-QDs)制备了共混的聚合物太阳电池.利用稳态电流-电压测试,结合荧光光谱,研究了ZnO-QDs的含量对电池性能的影响.实验发现电池的性能与ZnO-QDs的含量有密切的关系.随着ZnO-QDs含量的增加,电池的开路电压因为并联电阻的增加而减小,而短路电流呈现先增加后减小的趋势,这是由于ZnO-QDs含量的增加会对电流产生两个相互竞争的影响,一方面,增加的界面面积会提高短路电流,另一方面,团聚现象逐渐严重以及串联电阻的增加会降低短路电流.光伏性能最优化电池的Zno-QD含量是88wt;,此时薄膜厚度约240 nm,在15.8 mW/cm2光照射下的光电转换效率达到0.24;.     

可见近红外双波段增透膜的设计及制备

以K9为基底设计了一种覆盖部分可见及近红外双波段的增透膜,即:增透波长包括0.55 ～0.78μm和1.0～1.3 μm两个波段.工艺实现采用了电子束蒸发物理气相沉积的方法,薄膜材料仅含有TiO2和SiO2,并分别作为高低折射率材料.利用岛津分光光度计对双面镀制该膜系样品的透过率进行测量,测试结果表明0.55 ～0.78μm波段平均透过率为98.01;,1.0～1.3μm波段平均透过率达到97.04;.通过SEM的膜层截面证实实际膜层厚度相对于设计值来说偏厚,致使透射率光谱曲线略往长波方向漂移,但所需波段内平均透过率仍可满足所需光学特性.环境测试表明:薄膜具有良好的稳定性和牢固度.该增透膜可以应用于可靠性要求较高的环境中.     

中国散裂中子源旋转线圈测量系统研制

中国散裂中子源(CSNS)加速器主要由一台直线加速器、一台快循环加速器以及低能、高能输运线组成。针对CSNS加速器部分直流磁铁研制了一套旋转线圈测量系统。对系统的研制方案、功能、精度、完成的磁铁类型以及部分测量结果进行介绍。该系统解决了CSNS批量磁铁之间的不同中心高度、质量、有效长度、磁场强度的兼容性难题。经过测试运行,积分场测量重复性误差好于±0.02%,空间谐波重复性误差好于0.005%,磁中心测量重复性误差好于±0.03 mm,顺利完成了中国散裂中子源工程150台多种类型磁铁的检测任务。     

Correlation between electronic structure and energy band in Eu-doped CuInTe_2 semiconductor compound with chalcopyrite structure

The Eu-doped Cu(In, Eu)Te_2 semiconductors with chalcopyrite structures are promising materials for their applications in the absorption layer for thin-film solar cells due to their wider band-gaps and better optical properties than those of CuInTe_2. In this paper, the Eu-doped CuInTe_2(CuIn_(1-x)Eu_xTe_2, x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) are studied systemically based on the empirical electron theory(EET). The studies cover crystal structures, bonding regularities, cohesive energies, energy levels,and valence electron structures. The theoretical values fit the experimental results very well. The physical mechanism of a broadened band-gap induced by Eu doping into CuInTe_2 is the transitions between different hybridization energy levels induced by electron hopping between s and d orbitals and the transformations from the lattice electrons to valence electrons for Cu and In ions. The research results reveal that the photovoltaic effect induces the increase of lattice electrons of In and causes the electric resistivity to decrease. The Eu doping into CuInTe_2 mainly influences the transition between different hybridization energy levels for Cu atoms, which shows that the 3d electron numbers of Cu atoms change before and after Eu doping. In single phase CuIn_(1-x)Eu_xTe_2, the number of valence electrons changes regularly with increasing Eu content,and the calculated band gap E_g also increases, which implies that the optical properties of Eu-doped CuIn_(1-x)Eu_xTe_2 are improved.     

Three-dimensional numerical simulation of crown spike due to coupling effect between bubbles and free surface

The motion of gas bubbles beneath a free surface will lead to a spike of fluid on the free surface. The distance of the bubbles to the free surface is the key factor to different phenomena. When the inception distance varies in some range, crown phenomenon would happen after the impact of weak buoyancy bubbles, so this kind of spike is defined as crown spike in the present paper. Based on potential flow theory, a three-dimensional numerical model is established to simulate the motion of the free-surface spike generated by one bubble or a horizontal line of two in-phase bubbles. After the downward jet formed near the end of the collapse phase, the simulation of the free surface is performed to study the crown spike without regard to the toroidal bubble＇s effect. Calculations about the interaction between one bubble and free surface agree well with the experimental results conducted with a high-speed camera, and relative error is within 15%. Crown spike in both single- and two-bubble cases are simulated numerically. Different features and laws of the motion of crown spike, depending on the bubble-boundary distances and the inter-bubble distances, have been investigated.     

一种柱状矢量偏振光的检测与评价方法

针对非均匀复杂偏振光束难以用一种偏振状态描述的现象,提出了一种点对点的偏振光检测方法,该方法能够同时检测光束横向切面内所有点的偏振态,为非均匀偏振光描述提供足够的信息,解决了柱状矢量偏振光光束的质量检测问题。运用这种方法,对已知偏振光束进行验证检验取得了良好的效果,证明了该方法可以作为一种可靠、稳定的方法用对柱状矢量偏振光检测与评价。另外,一些描述柱状矢量偏振光均匀性的参数被重新定义,为柱状偏振光的质量描述提供了量化指标。