微量元素与食物

含钙高的食物:牛奶、黄豆、乳制品、海参、海带、蚕豆、豆制品、芝麻酱、虾皮、燕麦、小麦、酸奶、牛肉等。含镁高的食物:荷叶、香蕉、黄豆、蕃茄、绿豆、红小豆、蕃石榴、蜂蜜、燕麦等。含锌高的食物:牡蛎、猪肝、鱼类、高锌鸡蛋、板栗、核桃、红枣、黄鳝、海参等。含铁高的食     

X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤和水系沉积物等样品中碳、氮、氟、氯、硫、溴等42种主次和痕量元素

采用粉末压片制样,用X射线荧光光谱法测定土壤、水系沉积物等样品中C、N、F、S、Cl、Br、Na、Mg、Al、Si、P、K、Ca、Ti、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb、Ga、As、Rb、Sr、Y、Zr、Nb、Th、U、Ba、La、Ce、Nd、Ge、Yb、W、Hf、Sc、Sn、Mo、Cs等42种元素。着重研究了C、N、F、S和Cl等元素的测量条件和存在问题;并研究了痕量元素的背景选择和谱线重叠校正的问题。方法的检出限,精密度和准确度绝大多数能满足覆盖区多目标地球化学调查样品的质量要求。     

微量元素与疾病

缺钙(Ca)症状:佝偻病、骨质疏松、腰腿酸软无力、手足麻木、抽搐、易激动,头痛、经期痛、记忆力下降、生殖能力下降、白发、失眠、盗汗、精神失常、尿石症。缺镁(Mg)症状:心肌坏死、心肌梗塞、代谢性碱中毒、动脉硬化、心血管病、关节炎、白血病、白内障、糖尿病、胃肿瘤、胃结     

元素医学食疗法治病有疗效

南京金陵微量元素与健康研究所用元素医学食疗法治疗冠心病、癌症、脑血管病、老年痴呆症、糖尿病、艾滋病、帕金森氏综合症、脑中风及其后遗症、小儿脑瘫、系统性红斑狼疮、癫痫、精神分裂症、血小板减少、肌痉挛、肌无力、肌萎缩、胆汁反流、偏头痛、前列腺肥大、性机能低下、不孕、不育、肝胆结石、脱发、斑秃、白瘢风、银屑病、再障贫血、血友病、白血病、荨麻疹、哮喘、风湿、类风湿、高（低）血压、高血脂、高血糖、高血沉、高尿酸、动脉硬化、骨质疏松、元素中毒症,地方病,遗传病等现代医学界束手无策的疑难病症,先后都获得了很好的疗效。     

高频感耦等离子光源粉末法应用于化探样品中多元素测定

本文用云南省地质局实验室研制的固体粉末送样装置,制定了ICP光源直接粉末法在硅酸盐类试样中一次摄谱同时测定Ag、As、B、Ba、Be、Bi、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Ga、Ge、Hf、In、La、Li、Mn、Mo、Nb、Ni、Pb、Sc、Sr、Sn、Ta、Ti、Tl、V、Y、Yb、Zn、Zr32个元素。相对标准偏差在10％之内,灵敏度、准确度达到化探要求。本法是一种灵敏度高,重现性好,记忆效应小,测量范围广,测定多元素的快速方法。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定化探样品中主、次和痕量组分

采用粉末样品压片制样，用PW2440X射线荧光光谱仪对化探样品中氯、溴、硫、氧化钠、氧化镁、三氧化二铝、二氧化硅、磷、氧化钾、氧化钙、钛、锰、三氧化二铁、钴、铌、锆、钇、锶、铷、铅、钍、锌、铜、镍、钒、铬、钡、镧、铈、钕、钪、镓、砷、铪等34个组分进行测定。讨论了微量元素的背景选择和谱线重叠校正及氯测定的问题。使用经验系数法和康普顿散射线作内标校正基体效应，经标准物质检验，分析结果与标样值吻合，用GBW 07308国家一级标准物质作精密度试验，统计结果RSD（n=12）除砷、钒、镍、铜〈6．0％，溴、硫、铈、铪、钕、钪、氧化钠、镧、铬、钴和钍〈14．0％以外，其余各组分均小于3．0％。     

新生儿脐血清微量元素测定及与生长发育关系研究

应用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定也３３名新生儿脐血清中１７种微量元素（铁、铜、锰、锌、钴、钼、硒、铬、锡、钒、硅、镍、镉、铅、锶、钛、铝）及３种常量元素（钙、磷、镁）的含量。结果表明,新生儿脐血清微量元素性别分布接近,仅女婴血清铬、钒高于男婴,但地区差异明显,城镇新生儿脐血清中锰、锌、锶、钛、钙较高,而钼、硒、铬、铝较低。多元回归分析显示,血清元素铁、锰、锌、硒、硅、锶、钙被引人新生儿体重和发育     

物理化学学报

正投稿范围热力学,动力学和结构化学(化学平衡与热力学参数、量热学、非平衡态热力学与耗散结构、统计热力学、宏观动力学、分子动态学、超快动力学、激发态、溶液化学、复杂流体、溶液结构、大气化学、动态结构、分子结构、体相结构、簇、谱学)理论与计算化学(量子化学、统计力学、模拟方法与应用、计算化学、化学信息学)电化学和新能源(电极过程动力学、界面电化学、电催化、谱学电化学、电化学表面科学、材料电化学、光电化学、纳米电     

中国化学会的发起和成立

1932年8月1日,当时的教育部在南京召开化学讨论会,讨论化学译名、国防化学及课程标准。来自各地曾经留学欧、美、日的化学学者,丁嗣贤、王箴、王琎、巴文峻、戈福祥、朱骥、沈熊庆、吴承洛、吴沆、李方训、李乃尧、李运华、周萃禨、林大中、林继庸、邵家麟、胡安恺、姚万年、陶延桥、容启兆、徐宗涑、徐作和、时昭涵、倪则埙、高露德、张江树、张洪沅、张郁岚、张资琪、康辛元、陈之霖、陈可忠、陈裕光、曾昭抡、程瀛章、邬保良、叶     

“全国第一届近红外光谱学术会议”在北京成功召开

由中国分析测试协会和中国石油学会石油炼制分会共同主办的全国第一届近红外光谱学术会议于2006年10月28日至30日在北京西郊宾馆的会议中心举行。来自清华大学、浙江大学、天津大学、南开大学、吉林大学、上海交通大学、西安交通大学、哈尔滨工业大学、中国农业大学、中南大学、第二军医大学、后勤工程学院、第二炮兵工程学院、海军航空工程学院、暨南大学、广西大学、首都师范大学、山东轻工业学院、中国计量学院、中科院光机所、中科院上海技术物理研究所、石油化工科学研究院、中国林科院、中国农业科学院、总后油料研究所、中国药品生物制品检定所、南京地矿所、     

SmartMetals: a new method for metal identification based on fuzzy logic

This paper presents a method of searching, identifying and cross‐referencing metal alloys based on their chemical composition and/or mechanical properties, typically obtained by analysis and tests. The method uses a general pattern similar to the approach of a human expert, and relies on a classification of metals based on metallurgical expertise and fuzzy logic for identifying metals and comparing their chemical and mechanical properties. The algorithm has been tested and deployed in real applications for fast metal identification and finding of unknown equivalents, by the leading companies in the field. The same principles can also be used in other domains for similar problems, such as organic and inorganic materials identification and generic drugs comparison. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

功能性离子液体在金属萃取分离中的研究进展

近年来,离子液体在金属萃取领域的研究受到广泛关注,主要集中在两个方面,一是疏水性离子液体作为“绿色”溶剂用于金属离子萃取;二是带有官能团的功能性离子液体作为萃取剂用于金属离子萃取,其中,后者是目前研究的热点。 本文主要对近年来功能性离子液体萃取分离放射性金属、重金属和稀土金属等研究进行综述,并对其未来发展进行了展望。     

Cleansing contaminated seawaters using marine cyanobacteria: evaluation of trace metal removal from the medium

The use of microbial biomass in biosorption is already being studied as a potential alternative to (or combined with) conventional processes, where several algae and microorganisms have already shown promising ability to uptake metals. Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) are widespread organisms, with specific properties, such as high nutrient removal capacity and tolerance to highly variable conditions which make them well-suited for wastewater and remediation purposes. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the use of a marine cyanobacterium LEANCYA 21 (Synechocystis sp.), collected from the Portuguese southern border, for the removal of selected trace metals when in natural seawater culture medium. It was observed, for the first time, that this particular strain is capable of uptaking Pb, Ni and Zn (at nM levels) from seawater solutions using small amounts of biomass. Uptake values for Pb were up to 90% (0.75 mg g^?1 biomass) in 6 h. The specific biosorption curves of Ni and Zn showed that these metals follow a first order kinetics biosorption in batch conditions. Solutions containing multimetals have revealed that Ni uptake is affected by the presence of Pb and Zn. The calculated specific absorption values were high enough to predict a possible application in aquaculture where such low levels of metals may inhibit microalgae growth.     

Energy release in the reaction of metal powders with fluorine containing polymers

Fluorine and its derivatives have been used as a substitute to oxygen-containing oxidizers in higher performing propellants and other energetic materials. They typically react rapidly with metals or thin oxide layers of the metals to produce metal fluorides, generally in the gaseous state.Thermal reactions of stoichiometric mixtures of metal (M=Al, Ti) -F containing polymers have been studied using thermal analyzers and their energetics are compared with the metals in other halogen element containing oxidizers. The experimental results indicated that thermal reaction becomes more exothermic as the bond strength between Al-X (X=F, Br, I) becomes stronger. It was also found that oxidation of metal powders is largely affected by the size of metal powders as well as the nature of existing oxide layer.     

光谱技术在纺织品检测中的应用（一）--X荧光能谱仪在纺织品重金属检测中的应用

近年来,世界各国对纺织品中的有害物质含量的控制已越来越严格。本文对纺织品中重金属检测方法的现状进行了概括,进一步介绍了X荧光能谱法在纺织品重金属检测上的应用。采用X荧光能谱法检测布样中的重金属和采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-AES）检测结果基本一致。结果表明：X荧光能谱法是一种有效的纺织品中重金属检测方法,也为纺织品中重金属的检测提供了一种快速、简便、无损的初筛方法。     

Removal of Heavy Metals from Plating Wastewater by Crystallization/Precipitation of Gypsum

A high surface area was created during nucleation and crystal growth of gypsum by mixing calcium and sulfate ions, causing adsorption of heavy metals on the colloids of gypsum and capsulation in the subsequent precipitation process. In addition to the effect of surface area, zeta potential and surface pH of the gypsum colloids, ionic strength of solution, as well as solubility and particle size of the metal hydroxide influenced the extent of uptake of heavy metals from wastewater.     

Occurrence of Selected Metals in Wastewater Effluent and Surface Water in Ireland

Metals occur naturally in the environment and as constituents of the Earth’s crust. They have many uses, and metals such as iron, copper, and zinc are widely used in industries. Elevated levels of metals in the environment also occur as a result of human activities (municipal, residential, and traffic–related activities). A list of 15 metals chosen for this study included priority substances and those listed in the European Union Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC. The concentrations of heavy metals in the environment are affected by several factors that must be taken into account when monitoring heavy metals released into the environment through wastewater treatment plants (WWPTs). This work examines the concentrations of metals found in WWPTs and the effects of treatment type on dissolved metal concentrations. Effluent samples were collected from the outflow of nine WWPTs in Dublin and Cork, Ireland from July 2009 to June 2011. All samples were found to contain priority metals that exceeded environmental quality standards in several cases. We present the frequency of occurrence and concentrations of metals in effluents of studied WWPTs and discuss relationships between the occurrence of heavy metals, the influence of factors such as industrial inputs, levels of treatment at WWPTs, and percentage urban area in an agglomeration. The results of this study are an indication that WWPTs may be contributing to the high levels of heavy metals found at discharge points back into river systems.     

Alkali Metal-Transition Metal π-Complexes

In this progress report a new principle is described for the synthesis of multimetal π-complexes with hitherto unknown structural features. The nickel(0)-olefin complexes 1,5,9-cyclododecatrienenickel(0) and bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) react unexpectedly with main-group metals, in particular alkali metals, their hydrides, and organometallic compounds, to give nickelligand species with a surplus charge. These species endeavor to transfer the excess charge onto π-ligands such as olefins or dinitrogen. Multimetal complexes with electron rich transition metal π-ligand units can, in addition, be prepared from metallocenes, alkali metals, and unsaturated compounds. The syntheses, structures, and reactions of this new class of substances will be summarized.     

佛山市蔬菜中若干重金属元素含量调查与分析

对广东佛山市蔬菜中重金属含量进行了调查与分析。结果表明,蔬菜中重金属元素含量取决于蔬菜种类和土壤环境,佛山市蔬菜中重金属元素含量基本上是正常的,仅个别样点土壤受污染,蔬菜重金属元素含量异常。蔬菜中重金属元素含量由高到低顺序大体上是:叶菜类,瓜果类蔬菜,根菜类蔬菜。蔬菜必需元素锌、铜含量比汞、镉、铅、铬、镍等非必需元素含量高。