NiFe2O4/T-ZnOw复合材料的制备及电磁波吸收性能

采用铁氧体化学镀在四角氧化锌晶须(T-ZnOw)表面包覆NiFe2O4镀层,制备了NiFe2O4/T-ZnOw复合材料。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、能谱分析仪对镀覆前后T-ZnOw的结构、形貌等进行了表征。利用矢量网络分析仪研究了NiFe2O4/T-ZnOw复合材料的电磁波吸收性能。结果表明,化学镀覆后,在T-ZnOw表面包覆了尖晶石型NiFe2O4镀层,生成了NiFe2O4/T-ZnOw复合材料,该材料为磁损耗型材料。化学镀覆过程中T-ZnOw的装载量会影响复合材料的介电常数和磁导率,当T-ZnOw装载量为0.2g时,所制备的复合材料具有最大的介电常数、磁导率、介电损耗和磁损耗,当吸收层厚度达到3 mm时,反射率在14 GHz处达到-11 dB。     

La0.6Ce0.4Mn1-yFeyO3微波吸收特性

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La0.6Ce0.4Mn1-yFeyO3 (y=0.00, 0.12, 0.14, 0.16, 0.18)样品. 用微波矢量网络分析仪测试了该样品在2～18 GHz微波频率范围的复介电常数、复磁导率, 根据测量数据计算了电磁损耗角正切及微波反射率与频率的关系. 结果表明, 当B位掺入铁元素时, 样品吸收峰值增大, 有效吸收频带增宽, 在y=0.14时, 样品微波吸收效果最好. 当样品厚度为2.00 mm, y=0.14时, 吸收峰值为38 dB, 10 dB以上频带宽度达4.1 GHz. 初步探讨了该材料的电磁损耗机理, 发现损耗吸收来自磁损耗和介电损耗的共同作用, 吸收峰所在频率介于介电损耗角正切最大值与磁损耗角正切最大值对应的频率之间, 即在12.7 GHz附近. 对样品的电阻率测试表明, 其室温范围内电导在半导体范围内, 有利于降低微波在样品表面的反射率.     

微波合成在稀土荧光材料制备中的应用

利用微波合成的方法制备稀土荧光材料,研究了不同引发剂小分子的种类、加入量及微波辐照时间对微波反应的进行和材料荧光性能的影响。结果表明,在稀土荧光材料的制备中,微波合成的方法是一个很有发展前途的方法。     

微波合成SrTiO3的工艺、结构与性能研究

应用微波会成这一材料合成新方法制备SrTiO3，研究了不同工艺条件下微波合成产物的结构，确定出制备纯净SrTiIO。的合成条件．对微波合成的工艺及其影响因素进行详细的探索，从合成产物的显微结构、粒度分布、比表面积、烧结性能等方面比较了微波合成与常规固相合成的差别，结果表明微波合成与各种常规方法相比有合成时间短、合成工艺简单、合成产物性能好等特点，是一种有发展潜力的材料合成技术．     

聚(苯胺-吡咯)共聚物/Fe3O4网状纳米纤维复合物的制备及吸波性能

在十六烷基三甲基溴化胺（CTAB）存在下,将苯胺（An）与吡咯（Py）两种单体在Fe3O4磁流体中原位化学氧化共聚制备了PAn-co-PPy/Fe3O4网状纳米纤维复合材料。通过改变CTAB的浓度、An/Py单体的配比及Fe3O4磁流体的用量获得了形态和电磁性能可调控的纳米纤维复合物。采用SEM、TEM、XRD、TG、电导和磁性能测试对复合物进行了表征,通过矢量网络分析仪获得了试样在2-18 GHz范围的复介电常数和复磁导率,经计算获取相应的微波反射损耗曲线。结果表明共聚复合物具有比单一的聚合物、共聚物、PAn/Fe3O4及PPy/Fe3O4更优越的微波吸收性能,样品（含Fe3O412.4 wt%）在9.0 GHz处具有最大的反射损耗为 -36.5 dB,损耗超过 -10 dB的频带宽度达4.7 GHz。     

镧六方铁氧体LaxBa1-xFe12O19的制备与表征

随着电子工业的发展 ,在国防及其他领域中微波技术得到普遍应用 .但微波辐射对人类健康存在着不可忽视的危害 .因而研制性能优良的吸波材料不仅对国防科技的隐身技术 ,而且对保证人体健康都有着十分重要的意义 .自从 1 956年 Philips实验室研制出六方晶系结构的铁氧体以来[1] ,已有大量文献报道铁氧体磁性材料在微波吸收方面的重要作用[2～ 6] .稀土元素是具有优良磁性能的吸波材料 ,Chen等 [7]和 Roh等 [8]分别报道过掺杂稀土元素的尖晶石型及钙钛矿型铁氧体 .本文利用溶胶 -凝胶法合成了掺杂稀土元素镧的磁铅石型系列铁氧体材料 ( Lax B…     

La0.8Sr0.2Mn1-xNixO3微波吸收特性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备La0.8Sr0.2Mn1-xNixO3(y=0.12,0.14),用X射线,扫描电镜对样品结构和形貌进行了表征,用HP8722型矢量网络分析仪测定样品2~18 GHz损耗角正切及微波吸收特性曲线,发现y=0.14,样品厚度2.0 mm,吸收峰值达到了14 dB,10 dB以上吸收带宽达到了3.5 GHz。对该材料的电磁损耗机理进行了研究,发现在频率12.08 GHz附近有突变发生,2~12.08 GHz频段损耗主要以介电损耗为主,12.08~18 GHz频段损耗是以磁损耗为主。     

掺杂P,Al和La元素的锂离子电池材料的微波合成研究

采用微波合成法制备了含掺杂P,Al和La元素的正极材料LiCoO2,确定了工艺条件,包括反应时间、微波功率和反应温度.采用XRD,SEM和电化学测试仪研究了添加元素对LiCoO2结构和电化学性能的影响.研究发现,微波功率和反应时间对产物的结构有比较明显的影响.充放电试验结果表明,掺加La元素正极材料LiCoO2首次充放电容量达到了130 mAh.g-1.     

微波水热合成Mn-Ti-Al-MCM-41分子筛及其催化双氧水环氧化苯乙烯的性能

采用原位微波水热合成Mn-Ti-Al-MCM-41介孔分子筛,并以双氧水为氧化剂和微波加热,研究了该介孔分子筛在苯乙烯环氧化反应中的催化性能.利用XRD、29SiMAS-NMR、N2吸附、SEM-EDS和HRTEM手段对该材料进行了表征,结果表明它具有典型的六方相介孔结构、高的比表面积以及窄的孔径分布.本实验表明Mn-Ti-Al-MCM-41的新颖合成方法加速了整个合成时间:从几天到几个小时.在催化苯乙烯液相环氧化实验中该材料具有较高的催化活性.而且利用本实验合成的介孔分子筛与传统方法制备的在较大程度上提高了对苯基环氧乙烷的选择性.     

微波法合成锂离子材料LiCoO2的研究

以氧化钴和氢氧化锂为原料,采用微波技术合成锂离子电池正极材料LiCoO2.主要考查的微波合成条件有反应时间、输出功率与反应温度.采用XRD、SEM方法和电化学测试手段研究了产物的结构与性能.研究结果表明微波合成法可以制备层状结构、电化学性能稳定的LiCoO2材料.在充放电实验中,电池的首次放电容量达到140 mAh·g-1.与传统的合成方法相比,微波合成技术具有节省能源、提高效率和环境友好的特点.     

Effect of the Water Quenched Slag‐epoxy Resin Composite on Microwave Absorbing Properties

Although in recent years, the ash residues produced from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWI) in Taiwan have been decreased gradually due to the public awareness of waste classification, it is still necessary to find a suitable landfill site to dispose these wastes safely and economically. For this reason, the plasma melting technology was selected to convert the unwanted ash residues into harmless water quenched slag. More importantly, the effect of the dielectric and magnetic properties of microwave absorber composed of water quenched slag‐epoxy resin composite was studied. The absorbing performance of water quenched slag‐epoxy composites at same sample thickness and at various sample thickness were also studied by measuring complex permittivity, complex permeability and reflection loss in the 2–18 and 18–40 GHz microwave frequency range using the free space method. It was found that the optimum thickness of absorber needed to yield the best reflection loss could be obtained and an absorption frequency range shifting at the frequency range of 2–18 and 18–40 GHz.     

Ferric metal-organic framework for microwave absorption

In this study, we have shown for the first time that ferric metal-organic framework (Fe-MOF) has the ability to attenuate gigahertz-range electromagnetic radiation through means of a novel interference mechanism. A large reflection loss value of ?54.2 dB can be obtained, equivalent to over 99.999% absorption efficiency. The microwave absorption performance is largely dependent on the dielectric permittivity and magnetic permeability properties. The electrical loss ratio tgδ_ε increases with the frequency from 0.13 at 1.0 GHz to 0.69 at 18.0 GHz, while the magnetic loss ratio tgδ_μ is only between 0.05 and 0.14. The conductivity σ increases with the frequency from 0.08 S/m at 1.0 GHz to 5.24 S/m at 18.0 GHz, while the skin-depth δ decreases with the frequency. The thickness (d) of the absorber is inversely proportional to the reflection loss peak value (RL_peak), the reflection loss peak frequency (f_peak), and the critical reflection loss peak width (Δf₁₀). The non-zero magnetic susceptibility (χ) accelerates the shift of f_peak to lower values as d grows bigger; however, it improves the RL_peak value and larger microwave absorption efficiency and reduces the quick narrowing of the critical frequency range. The microwave performance of Fe-MOF is likely related to its microwave conductivity, which may originate from the polar rotations in the interface or defects. A new mechanism is proposed for the large reflection loss based on the interference of the reflected microwave from the front and back surface of the microwave absorber, especially when the thickness matches with the odd integer values of the wavelength.     

三异丁氧基混合稀土增韧聚苯乙烯的研究

通过原位本体聚合制备三异丁氧基混合稀土掺杂聚苯乙烯 ,采用FT IR、UV Vis、FS和DMTA等对其表征 ,并测定其冲击强度 .表明改性聚苯乙烯中存在着稀土金属离子和苯环的配位作用 ,改性聚苯乙烯的玻璃化温度随稀土含量增加而下降 ,但其抗冲性能显著提高 .说明三异丁氧基混合稀土对聚苯乙烯有明显的增韧改性作用     

Fe_3O_4空心球/石墨烯复合吸波材料的制备及其性能

利用化学法制备氧化石墨烯(GO)与石墨烯(RGO),然后以水热法制备Fe3O4空心球/RGO复合吸波材料。XRD测试结果表明成功合成了具有立方结构的Fe3O4;SEM,TEM分析结果表明复合材料结构分布均匀,粒径约为100 nm。测试了材料在2~18 GHz波段的电磁参数,模拟计算了材料的反射率,结果显示复合材料的吸波性能比RGO有明显提升。当匹配厚度为7 mm时,复合材料具有两个吸收峰:在5.5 GHz处吸收峰为–9.5 d B,在16.5GHz处出现最大吸收峰–36 d B。     

Effect of Manganese Dioxide Dispersion on the Absorbing Properties of Manganese Dioxide (MnO2)‐Epoxy Composites

Manganese dioxide (MnO₂) particle was synthesized and introduced into epoxy resin to be microwave absorber. The spectroscopic characterization of the formation processes of MnO₂ was studied by using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Microwave absorbing properties with different volume fractions of MnO₂ were investigated by measuring complex permittivity, complex permeability and reflection loss in the 2–18 and 18–40 GHz microwave frequency range using the free space method. The absorbing performance of MnO₂‐epoxy composites at same sample thickness and at various sample thickness were also studied. It was found that the best absorbing property and an absorption frequency range shifting could be obtained at the frequency range of 2–18 and 18–40 GHz.     

稀土在中国高新材料研制开发中的应用

我国在稀土资源和稀土原料的生产方面都居世界领先地位，近年来稀土高新材料的研制与开发也取得重大进展。本文概述了我国在稀土高新材料开发与研究方面的成果，指出今后应把稀土应用基础研究、中重稀土的应用研究和稀土在能源领域的应用研究作为重点进一步开展工作。     

β-MnO2纳米棒的电磁特性和多极化驰豫损耗

采用低温水热合成法,以(NH₄)₂S₂O₈作氧化剂,以MnSO₄·H₂O为锰源,在高压反应釜中加热120 ℃并保压48 h制备了β-MnO₂纳米棒。利XRD,SEM,TEM和振动样品磁强计(VSM)对产物进行表征,并就产物的电磁特性和多极化损耗机制进行研究。结果表明,纳米粉体产物是直径为50～70 nm,长度约为几个微米并具有四方晶体结构的β-MnO₂纳米棒,同时产物表现出超顺磁性特征。β-MnO₂纳米棒具有优异的电磁波损耗特性,厚度为1 mm的试样其最大反射损耗在18 GHz能达到-8.1 dB,优于-5 dB的有效吸收带处于15.7～18 GHz宽频段内;2 mm厚的试样在9.8 GHz其反射损耗达到-25 dB,并且优于-5 dB的有效吸收带处于8～12.8 GHz。     

Microwave Absorption and Infrared Stealth Characteristics of Bamboo Charcoal/Silver Composites Prepared by Chemical Reduction Method

Bamboo charcoal coated with silver (BC/Ag) was prepared by activation and chemical reduction processes at different AgNO₃ contents (10‐30 wt.%). The spectroscopic characterizations of the formation processes of BC/Ag composites were studied using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. These composites were introduced in epoxy resin to be a microwave absorber and mixed polyethylene to be an infrared stealth plate. Microwave absorbing properties were investigated by measuring complex permittivity, complex permeability and reflection loss in the 2‐18 and 18‐40 GHz microwave frequency range using the free space method. The thermal extinction measurements in the 3‐5 and 8‐12 μm were done to evaluate the shielding affectivity of infrared. The results showed that a significant thermal extinction and a wider absorption frequency range could be obtained by adding silver to bamboo charcoal.     

Synthesis of composite of ZnO spheres with polyaniline and their microwave absorption properties

Three-dimensional (3D) ZnO microspheres with the composite of polyaniline (PANI) have been successfully synthesized by one-pot solvothermal and in-suit polymerization method. The obtained microspheres were uniform having the diameter of 4 μm–7 μm. These microspheres, inside cushion of PANI polymer, exhibit excellent microwave absorption properties. Composite of ZnO microspheres with PANI increased the complex permeability and enhanced the dielectric loss. Thus, the microwave absorption properties of the composite have been intensified. Despite the fact that the composite of ZnO with PANI herein dissipate the microwaves by dielectric loss, their performance is admirable compared to most of PANI-based composites reported. The morphological, structural and spectral properties have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). It is found that the maximum reflection loss value of [email protected] reaches ?41 dB at 14 GHz with a thickness of 3.5 mm that is superior to the previously reported composite of PANI with other materials.