催化动力学极谱法测定痕量甲醛

在稀硫酸介质中,痕量甲醛对溴酸钾氧化甲基红的反应有很强的催化作用.而甲基红及其氧化产物均能在滴汞电极上产生灵敏的极谱吸附波,其峰电位依次为-0.57 V及-0.49 V(vs.SCE).在-0.57 V处测得的甲基红的峰电流的二阶导数值与反应体系中的甲醛浓度在0.2～6.5 mg·L-1之间呈线性关系,方法的检出限为0.041 mg·L-1,对2.5 mg·L-1甲醛测定8次,得出RSD值为1.8%,标准加入法回收率试验的结果在97.0%～104.0%之间.     

HPLC法快速测定食品中糖精钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸和咖啡因

采用Hypersil-ODS2-C18,4.6mm×150mm色谱柱,以甲醇+0.02mol·L-1乙酸铵(35+65)为流动相,HPLC法同时测定食品中糖精钠、苯甲酸、山梨酸和咖啡因。样品经0.50mol·L-1氢氧化钠浸泡后,苯甲酸、山梨酸转化为苯甲酸钠、山梨酸钠,糖精钠、咖啡因均可溶于水,杂质则在加入硫酸锌以后形成沉淀与被测组分分离,检出限:糖精钠为0.14mg·L-1、苯甲酸为0.20mg·L-1、山梨酸为0.22mg·L-1、咖啡因为0.21mg·L-1。试验结果表明,此法不仅定量准确、精密度高而且操作极为方便。     

三甲基品红与脱氧核糖核酸作用的共振光散射光谱的研究

在pH为0.85的三羟甲基氨基甲烷和盐酸 (Tris-HCl)缓冲溶液中 ,三甲基品红(NM)与脱氧核糖核酸(fsDNA,ctDNA)分子作用后共振光光散射增强 ,其强度增加值与DNA的浓度呈线性关系 ,据此 ,建立了一种测定DNA的共振光散射法。该方法线性范围分别为0.02～6.0mg·L -1,0.04～7.0mg·L -1,相关系数分别为0.9984、0.9987 ,检出限分别为18.3、21.8μg·L-1,用于DNA合成样品的测定获得了满意的结果。同时 ,对该反应机理进行了探讨 ,并用紫外 -可见光谱求出了其形成常数     

抗坏血酸及L-半胱氨酸的流动注射动力学同时测定法

pH2～9时,抗坏血酸与L-半胱氨酸均可与Fe3+-邻菲咯啉混合液反应,生成Fe2+-邻菲咯咻有色配合物,但两者反应速度相差极大。根据这个原理,采用流动注射分析停流技术,建立了抗坏血酸与L-半胱氨酸的动力学吸光光度同时测定法。两者测定的线性范围分别为0～24mg·L-1和0～280mg·L-1,相应的检出限为1mg·L-1和16mg·L-1,抗坏血酸与L-半胱氨酸浓度分别为12.0mg·L-1和160.0mg·L-1时,测定的相对标准偏差分别为0.9％和0.6％,采样频率为30样·h-1。该法灵敏、快速、准确,选择性较高,且流路及设备简单,实用性强,用于实际样品测定,抗坏血酸及L-半胱氨酸的加标回收率分别可达95.2％和92.8％。     

一种选择性快速测定饮料中游离甲醛的示波极谱法

在pH 5.0的0.025mol·L-1HOAc-NaOAc介质中,甲醛与硫酸肼的反应产物于电位－1.04V(vs.SCE)处产生一个灵敏的还原波,其峰高(ip)与甲醛浓度在0.1～0.8mg·L-1范围内呈良好的线性关系。在此条件下,共存的数十种无机离子及有机物无影响,也不受试样中颜色及浑浊等影响,对甲醛有极高的特效性。用标准加入法直接测定炊料中微量的游离甲醛含量,分析频率为60样·h-1．其操作简便、快速、准确,是目前测定甲醛最为简便的分析方法。     

曙红B与盐酸洛美沙星相互作用的分光光度法研究

在pH=1.2的Clark Lubs缓冲溶液条件下,曙红B与盐酸洛美沙星复合物的最大吸收峰位于535nm,比曙红B本身红移30nm,复合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为5.82×103L·mol-1·cm-1。方法的线性范围为10～40mg·L-1,检出限为2.2mg·L-1。实验考察了反应条件的影响,初步讨论了反应机理。     

反相高效液相色谱法同时测定柚皮中柚皮甙和橙皮甙的含量

采用反相高效液相色谱法同时测定柚皮中柚皮甙和橙皮甙的含量。色谱条件:μ-BondapakC18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.5%乙酸溶液(V/V=38/62);流速为0.8mL·min-1;检测波长为283nm,柱温为25℃。柚皮甙和橙皮甙的线性范围分别为20-60mg·L-1和10-30mg·L-1。柚皮甙和橙皮甙的平均回收率分别为99.3%和97.8%。该方法具有快速,结果准确等优点。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定城市脐橙树叶中铅

研究氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定城市脐橙树叶中铅的适宜条件,并对脐橙树叶中铅量进行了测定.研究表明:叶中的含铅量与车流量呈正相关.方法的线性范围为0.00～1.50 mg·L-1,相关系数为0.997 8,检出限为0.19μg·L-1,回收率在93.2%～105.0%之间.     

多巴酚丁胺的流动注射化学发光法测定

在盐酸介质中 ,高锰酸钾可氧化多巴酚丁胺产生化学发光 ,甲醛对该反应有较强的增敏作用 ,据此 ,建立了流动注射化学发光法测定多巴酚丁胺的方法 ;方法的线性范围为0.1～100mg·L -1,检出限为0.07mg·L -1 ,相对标准偏差为1.2 %(n=11,ρ=1.0mg·L -1) ;该法用于药物中多巴酚丁胺含量的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

ICP-AES法测定高纯氧化铕中稀土杂质元素

研究了锌粉还原 5709萃淋树脂分离富集 ICP AES法测定高纯氧化铕中14个稀土杂质元素的方法,用ICP AES法测定稀土元素工作曲线下限为(以氧化物计)镧为0.05mg·L-1,铈、镨、钇为0.25mg·L-1,钕、钐、铽、镝、钬为0.1mg·L-1,铒、铥、镱、镥、钇为0.05mg·L-1,回收率为90%～106%。方法简便、准确、快速,可用于99.99%氧化铕中14个稀土杂质元素的测定。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.