实践类课程开展课程思政教学改革的思考与实践——以高分子材料制备与成型创新实验为例

开展课程思政教学改革是高校实现三全育人的有效途径，是高校实现立德树人根本任务的重要举措。高分子材料制备与成型创新实验是高分子材料与工程专业的必修专业综合实践类课程，该课程具有思政元素丰富、现场实践教学感染力强等优势。本文以高分子材料制备与成型创新实验为例，从实践类课程开展课程思政教学改革的意义、探索、实践和长效机制等方面进行了系统论述，总结了在实践类课程中开展课程思政教育的具体方法、优势和意义。     

职前化学教师教育研究的内容分析*——基于SSCI期刊《化学教育研究与实践》的文献

国际职前化学教师教育研究的热点对我国职前化学教师教育发展具有借鉴意义。以47篇《化学教育研究与实践》上职前化学教师教育研究的论文作为研究对象,通过内容分析法和文献计量法分析,并与国内的研究现状进行对比,发现在发文量上,本领域文献产量都不高,国外相关研究成果也是近5年来才开始蓬勃,但在作者分布、研究主题、研究范式上存在较大差距。具体表现:国外学者注重跨专业、跨校、跨国合作研究职前化学教师教育;国外学者倾向于从学生的视角展开调查或测试,基于证据为学生的学习乃至教师教学改革提供策略;国外学者擅长实证研究,和国内经验总结的研究范式差别很大。     

化学生物学专业实验室线上服务平台建设

化学生物学专业实验室线上服务平台,是借助现代化信息技术,以微信公众平台和微信群为载体而创建的一个以学生为本、以实验教学为中心的多元化创新服务平台。平台包括“警钟长鸣”“实验教学”和“平台管理”三大模块,集安全教育、辅助教学和助力实验室高质量管理等多重功能。平台的建设顺应了实验室信息化建设的潮流,也契合了教育教学改革的发展需要,对实验教学的开展具有重要意义。     

开展多媒体课堂教学的尝试与体会

随着计算机技术的迅速发展,人类已进入信息时代,信息的承载媒体的多元化、集成化。交互性的特征对教育的改革将产生深远的影响,并且对传统的教学提出了挑战。我校领导班子敏锐地认识到将现代媒体技术应用于课堂教学、对于发展学生智力、增强教师的现代化意识、推动学校整体教学改革具有十分重要的意义,及时提出把多媒体课堂教学作为学校办学的重要特色和教育改革的突破口,我们的具体做法主要是：一、勇于探索、积极开展多媒体课堂教学活动多媒体课堂教学是根据教学目的和教育对象的特点,通过对教学策略设计,合理选择和应用教学媒体,…     

化学教育专业本科生信息素养现状调查与培养探索——新世纪教师教育专业发展与课程改革的研究

新世纪的基础教育中,教师信息素养水平的高低直接影响着教育教学改革的发展.选择了高师化学教育专业本科生信息素养培养为研究课题,进行了职前教师信息素养构成、信息素养现状调查、培养课程设置的研究,并进行了教学实践,寻求培养具有较高信息素养和专业特色的化学教师教育途径和模式.     

课程思政在“无机化学”课程教学中的探索

课程思政是新时代教育改革背景下提出的创新教育理念,教师不再是单纯的知识传播者,还应在教学过程中注重学生思想道德、思维品质等各方面能力素质的全面发展。无机化学是化学、化工、材料、环境、生物、药学等化学近源专业面向大一新生所开设的专业基础课程,在新形势下课程内容和思政教育融合并举,在无机化学课程中进行课程思政教学改革具有重要意义。     

全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质

本文从目前高师化学系学生教育教学素质和能力的培养模式以及教学论系列课程的教学改革实践的现状及其需要出发,在调查研究的基础上提出了全程渗透全程培养全面发展师范生的化学教育教学能力及素质的培养模式及基本策略。     

CAD-CAE及3D打印在《塑料制品设计》课程教学中的应用探索

在工科学生培养过程中引入先进的CIDO工程教育模式,对培养学生的实践能力和创新能力具有重要的作用和意义。本文在分析《塑料制品设计》课程教学特点的基础上,将工程实践中广泛应用的CAE/CAE技术引入课程教学,并进行了有益的探索,不仅对提高该课程教学效果有重要意义,同时可以促使学生学习和应用CAD/CAE软件。在此基础上,将制造业领域迅速发展的3D打印技术应用到课程教学,有助于学生了解先进技术,激发学生的学习兴趣并提高学生的创新能力。     

应用化学专业考试及考核体系的改革与探索

考试是促进学生全面发展 ,提高素质的重要手段 ,也是检查教学效果、巩固学生所学知识、改进教学工作和督促实现教育目标的必要教学环节。应用化学专业是一个应用理科专业 ,强调学生应既有扎实的化学理论基础 ,又有一定的工程基础和工程实践能力。在应用化学专业开设的课程中既有理科特点的深层次基础课程 ,又有大量锻炼实践能力的实验课程 (包括工程实验 )。因此 ,针对应用化学专业特点 ,建立科学、合理的考试、考核体系具有重要意义。1　传统考试模式的反思与现状分析　　传统教育注重知识的传授 ,强调对知识的记忆、模仿和重复练习 ,通常…     

SPOC模式下无机与分析化学课程教学实践

以无机与分析化学课程教学为例,探讨了SPOC混合教学模式下提高学生知识与能力的有效途径。在该课程教学中的应用和考核评价中,采用课堂教学与在线自主学习相结合的教学方式,实现了以能力培养为目标的本科教育模式的"三个转变":(1)以教为主向以学为主的转变;(2)以课堂教学为主向课内课外结合为主的转变;(3)以结果评价为主向以结果与过程评价相结合为主的转变。有效地提高了教学质量,突出地解决了目前高等院校本科教育模式面临的学生学习主动性差、参与度少的问题。     

Ab initio studies of the conformations of ethynyl formate, cyano formate and related ethynyl and cyano compounds

The optimized geometries, relative free energies and related thermodynamic properties, harmonic frequencies, and dipole moments have been calculated at the HF and MP2 levels for ethynyl formate (1a), ethynyl acetate (1b), cyano formate, HCO₂CN (1c), cyano acetate (1d), S-ethynyl thioformate (2a), S-ethynyl thioacetate (2b), S-cyano thioformate (2c), S-cyano thioacetate (2d), N-ethynylformamide (3a), N-ethynylacetamide (3b), N-cyanoformamide (3c), and N-cyanoacetamide (3d) with the gaussian 98 program. For ethynyl formate, the calculation for 25 °C at the MP2/6-311++G(df,pd) level predicts that the Z isomer is more stable by 1.23 kcal/mol. For S-ethynyl thioformate, calculations at the MP2/6-311++G(2d,2p) level predict that the E isomer is favored by 0.71 kcal/mol at 25 °C. The E isomers of N-ethynylformamide and N-ethynylacetamide were found at all levels to be more stable than the Z isomers at 25 °C. For cyano formate and cyano acetate, calculations at the MP2/6-311++G(df,pd) level predict that the Z isomers are more stable at 25 °C by 1.50 and 2.72 kcal/mol, respectively. At this level and temperature, the Z isomers of 2c, 2d, 3c, and 3d are predicted to have free energies of 0.46, −0.07, 1.22, and 2.28 kcal/mol, respectively, relative to the E conformations. Z to E free-energy barriers at 25 °C of 8.63, 10.64, 17.63, 7.39, and 14.03 kcal/mol were calculated for 1a, 2a, 3a, 1c, and 3c at the HF/6-311G(d,p) level, and at the HF/6-311+G(d,p) level, the free-energy barrier for 2c was 7.08 kcal/mol.     

元素医学防治心脑血管病研究和应用

从心脑血管疾病的流行率、心脑血管疾病的元素病因、心脑血管疾病的元素诊断和心脑血管疾病的元素治疗等4个方面讨论了元素医学防治心脑血管疾病的临床意义。     

Elucidation of activity of copper and copper oxide nanomaterials for electrocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

Copper- and copper oxide–based materials are, in principle, promising components (supports, reactive sites, and visible light–absorbing semiconductors) of electrocatalysts and photocathodes for reduction of carbon dioxide. Electrochemical and photoelectrochemical approaches are generally suitable for the low-temperature CO₂-conversion to carbon-based simple organic fuels or utility chemicals.Different concepts of utilization, including nanostructuring, doping, admixing, preconditioning, modification, or functionalization of various copper- and copper oxide–based systems for catalytic electroreduction and photoelectrochemical reduction of CO₂ are elucidated, as well as important strategies to enhance the systems' overall activity and stability are discussed.     

Dynamic mechanical and gas transport properties of blends and random copolymers of bisphenol-A polycarbonate and tetramethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonate

Dynamic mechanical and gas transport properties for homogeneous homopolymer blends and random copolymers of bisphenol-A and tetramethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonates (PC-TMPC) were determined. The gas transport measurements were performed at 35°C for the gases He, H₂, O₂, Ar, N₂, CH₄, and CO₂. The results show that the copolymers have lower permeability, apparent diffusion, and solubility coefficients than the blends. Permeability coefficients for blends follow a semilogarithmic ideal mixing rule while copolymers exhibit negative deviations from this. Specific volume measurements show that the free volume available for gas transport is slightly larger in copolymers than in blends of the same composition. These apparently contradictory results may relate to the differences in local mode chain motions observed for the copolymer and blend series. The γ relaxation processes in PC and TMPC seem to operate independently in the blends (no intermolecular coupling) while there is clear evidence for intramolecular coupling in the copolymers. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Synthesis and Structure of 1- and 2-Isomers of (Trimethoxysilylmethyl) and (Silatranylmethyl)benzotriazole

We have synthesized 1- and 2-(trimethylsilylmethyl)- and 1- and 2-(trimethoxysilylmethyl)benzotriazoles by reaction of 1,2,3-benzotriazolylsodium with trimethyl- or trimethoxy(chloromethyl)silane. We obtained 1- and 2-(silatranylmethyl)benzotriazoles by transesterification of the latter with triethanolamine.     

Coupled calculation of vibrational frequencies and intensities

The combination of normal coordinate analysis with intensity calculations gives quantitative information about molecular force fields and the assignments of vibrational frequencies. Calculations of vibrational intensities by means of a standard CNDO/2 version give rise to satisfactory results for the IR intensities. However, the calculated Raman intensities often differ strongly from the experimental data. Inclusion of 2p-polarization functions on hydrogen in the usually used valence basis set is quite successful to obtain improved molecular polarizabilities as well as Raman intensities.     

Studies of some monocyclic and bicyclic arylacetonitriles

The high-resolution (1)H, (13)C, (1)H-(1)H COSY and (1)H-(13)C COSY NMR spectra have been recorded in CDCl(3) for arylacetonitriles 1-12 and analyzed. The arylacetonitriles 3-7 exist in two isomeric forms E (methyl group is anti to cyano group) and Z (the methyl group is syn to cyano group) in solution. Normal chair conformation with equatorial orientations of phenyl rings at C-2 and C-6 for monocyclic nitriles 1 and 2, epimeric chair structure EC (axial configuration of methyl group at C-3) for both the E and Z isomers of arylacetonitrile derivatives (3-7) and a distorted boat form, B(3), for the N-acylacetonitrile derivatives (8-10) have been proposed based on NMR data. The bicyclic nitriles 11 and 12 exist in twin chair conformations in solution. DFT calculations and chemical shifts also support these conformations. Geometry optimizations for 1-12 were carried out according to density functional theory using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set and for 1 and 8 the theoretical geometrical parameters have been compared with those of single crystal measurements.     

Sizes of atoms and ions and covalency of bonding in molecules and crystals

A new system of atomic radii for the elements up to barium inclusive is constructed. Values of the radii are chosen so as the dependence between the dissociation energy of diatomic homonuclear molecules and a depth of atom overlapping is monotonous, and the scatter of data is minimal. The depth of overlapping is calculated as a difference between the sum of atomic radii and an experimental interatomic distance. Conclusions are made that: the radii of free atoms and ions are determined by the value of the electron density equal to 0.01 au; they considerably change in molecules and crystals only as a result of the charge transfer from cation to anion; covalent bonding is well described by the overlapping of free atoms (ions), confined by the surface of the given radius, and its energy depends upon the depth of overlapping of valence electron densities of atoms. A method of overlapping atoms is proposed for the approximate estimation of ionic sizes and charges in bound systems.     

Alpha and gamma spectrometry for determination of natural and artificial radionuclides in tea, herbal tea and camomile marketed in Italy

Several kinds of tea, camomile and herbal tea were analysed to determine natural and artificial radioactivity. The radionuclides were determined by alpha (²¹⁰Po) and gamma (²²⁸Ac, ²¹⁴Pb, ²¹⁴Bi, ²¹⁰Pb, ⁴⁰K and ¹³⁷Cs) spectrometry. ²²⁸Ac ranged between 0.6 and 9.0 Bq kg⁻¹_dry; ²¹⁰Po between 1.90 and 36.1 Bq kg⁻¹_dry; ²¹⁴Pb and ²¹⁴Bi between 0.7 and 4.9 Bq kg⁻¹_dry; ²¹⁰Pb between < 10.0 and 58.9 Bq kg⁻¹_dry; ⁴⁰K between 463 and 936 Bq kg⁻¹_dry; ¹³⁷Cs between < 0.3 and 2.6 Bq kg⁻¹_dry. The percentage of ²¹⁰Po extraction in infusion was also determined; the arithmetical mean value of percentage of ²¹⁰Po extraction resulted 20.7 ± 7.50.     

元素化学课程思政案例库建设及线上线下混合递进式教学实践

教学团队立足元素化学课程特点,设计、建设了“科学”“人文”“思政”三融合的元素化学课程思政案例库,并将之融入线上线下混合递进式教学的各个阶段和环节,以同步实现知识传授、能力培养、价值塑造三位一体的教学目标。同时,建立课程思政的集体教研制度,确保课程思政的整体性和持续性。