组合电化学--电化学研究中的新策略

组合电化学是一种新的电化学研究策略，通过设计和构建大量多样性的电极阵列，并对其进行高通量筛选和表征，快速、高效地实现了体系的电化学研究。本文综述了近年来进行的组合电化学研究，重点介绍了组合光学筛选方法、组合电化学合成方法以及电化学平行筛选方法，并探讨了各种方法的优势和存在的问题。     

筛选抗癌药物的荧光实验法

筛选抗癌药物常用的体外肿瘤系统方法有甲烯蓝法、染色法、细胞呼吸法等,这些方法需要取肿瘤细胞进行实验,时间较长。顺铂是很好的抗癌药物,Sohell等用DNA-溴化乙啶(EthBr)荧光体系研究了铂络合物与DNA的作用,认为该体系可以半定量地说明铂络合物的抗癌性。本文研究发现一些络合物-DNA-EthBr体系的荧光大小与络合物的抗癌性有关,可用荧光法筛选抗癌药物。其可靠性远比甲烯蓝法高,方法简单、快速,且假阳性少。     

有机小分子硫堇与DNA相互作用的研究

用光谱电化学和电化学技术研究了硫堇和硫堇与DNA相互作用的电化学和光谱电化学性质，得出了硫堇作为有机小分子能插入DNA双螺旋结构内部的结论，求得了对应的动力学参数。DNA的加入量与硫堇峰电流的降低呈一次线性关系，可望用于DNA浓度检测。     

电化学DNA生物传感器*

对特异DNA序列的检测在基因相关疾病的诊断、军事反恐和环境监测等方面均具有非常重要的意义,DNA传感器的研究就是为了满足对特异DNA序列的快速、便捷、高灵敏度和高选择性检测的需要。近年来涌现出了多种传感策略,根据检测方法的不同可以大致分为光学传感器、电化学传感器、声学传感器等。由于电化学检测方法本身所具有的灵敏、快速、低成本和低能耗等特点,电化学DNA传感器已成为一个非常活跃的研究领域并在近几年中得到了快速发展。本文概括了近年来在DNA传感器的重要分支——电化学DNA传感器领域内的一些重要进展,主要包括DNA探针在传感界面上的固定方法和各种电化学DNA杂交信号的检测方法。     

脱氧核糖核酸电化学研究进展

本文首先介绍了DNA与电极的相互作用、DNA的电化学反应、DNA与过渡金属配合物相互作用的电化学研究及技术， 然后重点对过渡金属配合物在DNA的长程电子转移、DNA的电致化学发光标记分析、DNA电化学传感器、DNA损伤与修复等方面应用的研究现状作了归纳和评述。提出了今后研究工作的方向。     

秋水仙碱与DNA相互作用的电化学研究

秋水仙碱(COLC)临床上用于乳腺癌、皮肤癌、宫颈癌、白血病、霍奇金病及AIDS病的治疗,并能控制和预防急性痛风症~([1])的发作.DNA贮存着生物体生命活动的所有信息,指导着细胞一系列的活动,也是体内抗癌药物主要的作用靶.而电化学研究可以得到DNA与识别分子相互作用的宏观信息,有助于进一步阐明它们之间的作用机理.本实验利用电化学方法研究了两者相互作用的电化学行为,获得了它们相互作用的基本信息,为其与DNA相互作用的机理研究提供了依据.     

不可逆电活性药物米托蒽醌与脱氧核糖核酸的相互作用

研究了抗癌新药米托蒽醌(MXT)的电化学行为及与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的相互作用，推导了适用于研究不可逆电活性分子与DNA相互作用的电化学公式，运用该公式可以简便、快速地测定靶向分子与DNA的结合常数和结合位点数。实验发现，MXT与小牛胸腺DNA的结合以蒽醌母核的嵌插作用为主，同时，烃氨基侧链与骨架磷酸基团之间的静电吸引对母核起稳定作用，使化合物易于嵌入DNA的平面结构。MXT与DNA相互作用引起的峰电流的变化可以用于分析测定DNA。     

Schiff碱非铂抗癌络合物初步筛选的荧光法研究

依据药物与DNA发生相互作用能抑制DNA的复制、合成和增殖且这种作用在体内与在体外的一致性,用荧光探剂溴化乙锭(EB,EthBr)示踪药物/DNA作用而提出了荧光筛选新方法。该法具有可靠性强、灵敏度高、操作简便、耗费很小、周期较短等特点,适合于抗癌药物的初步筛选。以所合成的Schiff碱非铂抗癌络合物为例,考察了方法的可行性,并进一步确定了Schiff碱络合物与DNA的结合常数K_M,发现其大小与抗癌活性顺序相一致。这一结果为解释络合物抗癌作用的生化基础提供了初步依据,同时还说明络合有利于抗癌并以载体或整体起作用。     

金电极上钴-2,2′-联吡啶的电化学特性及其与生物小分子腺嘌呤的相互作用

近年来，以小分子特别是金属配合物作为探针来研究DNA已引起人们的广泛关注「‘－’j．其中大多使用光谱法，Bard等［‘－’j使用的电化学方法既是一个有效的手段，也是对其它方法的补充［’j．DNA与其它小分子的相互作用有两种方式［’j，一种是外源分子插入DNA分子链的碱基对之间；另一种是外源分子与DNA的核糖一磷酸骨架之间的静电引力作用．为了确认小分子金属配合物与DNA相互作用的方式，我们开展了金属配合物与DNA的重要组成部分碱基的相互作用的研究，以期寻找到金属配合物与DNA作用的确切方式．本文采用金电极研究了钻一2…     

生物小分子与DNA相互作用的光谱及电化学研究进展

评述了生物小分子与DNA的作用方式及其相互作用的光谱及电化学研究方法.引用文献32篇.     

A resonance light scattering quenching system for studying DNA sequence recognition of actinomycin D

The DNA sequence recognition study of DNA-targeted anticancer drugs is a theoretical basis for improving the selectivity of anticancer drugs. With the high synergy effect of cocoamidopropyl hydroxy sulfobetaine (HSB), a resonance light scattering (RLS) quenching system for DNA sequence recognition studies of actinomycin D (ACTD) was developed in this contribution. By the strategy, DNA sequence selectivity as well as the recognition mechanisms of ACTD was systematically investigated. The results suggested that ACTD had the selectivity to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with an equilibrium constant (K(RLS)) of 12.4 mmol mg(-1). Also it had a preference for Guanine and Cytosine bases with a K(RLS) of 6.69 L mmol(-1). The selectivity mechanism between ACTD and DNA was also well discussed with the help of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Compared with other methods, the RLS quenching system has the advantages of reliability and speediness, and it avoids complex modification processes and is a better bionic system for the above research. Results obtained from this work would supply a theoretical basis for improving anticancer activity and designing similar anticancer drugs.     

吖啶橙-细胞DNA荧光抑制法筛选抗癌药物

在DNA荧光法‘’‘初步筛选抗癌药物的实验中,漠化乙锭（EB）是常用的荧光探针,其本身荧光板弱,但能与双链DNA发生专一性插入作用,使荧光大幅度地增强．但EB不能进入完整的细胞膜［’j．对陕橙（AO）常用于细胞内DNA和RNA的定量测定,并能用于活细胞染色;AO与核酸的结合方式有2种：一种是在嵌入核酸双链的碱基对之间形成AO－DNA复合物,另一种是与单链核酸的磷酸发生静电间相互作用,形成AO－RNA复合物．如用蓝光激发,前者发射峰波长为530urn的绿色荧光,后者发射峰波长为640urn的红色荧卅’‘．本文提出一种对细胞周期非…     

An electrochemical approach for detection of DNA methylation and assay of the methyltransferase activity

This work develops an electrochemical approach for rapid detection of the genomic DNA methylation level, assay of methyltransferase activity, and evaluation and screening of the inhibitors of methyltransferase. This method may be a help for the discovery of anticancer drugs.     

Preparation of Epirubicin Aptasensor Using Curcumin as Hybridization Indicator: Competitive Binding Assay between Complementary Strand of Aptamer and Epirubicin

The present work explains the fabrication of a novel electrochemical aptasensor for identifying and measuring the epirubicin (Epi) by using curcumin (Cur) as an anticancer electrochemical indicator. The aptasensor prepared by immobilizing the thiolated aptamer on the surface of graphite screen‐printed electrode modified with gold nanoparticles/functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes, ionic liquid and chitosan nanocomposite (AuNPs/FMWCNTs‐IL‐Chit/SPE). To evaluate the willingness of aptamer to interaction with Epi in the presence of complementary strand DNA, competitive binding assay between the complementary strand of aptamer and Epi were used. Cur tends to bound to the grooves of two strands DNA. With increasing the concentration of Epi in the range of 0.007–7.0 μM, the peak current of Cur decreased, due to the formation of aptamer‐Epi complex and decreasing the amount of complementary strand DNA. Through the control experiments, we examined the response of fabricated aptasensor for some anticancer drugs, which have a structure similar to the Epi. The results showed that using the thiol‐terminated aptamer as a recognition layer led to a sensor with a high tendency for Epi compared to other anticancer drugs.     

A new way to detect the interaction of DNA and anticancer drugs based on the decreased resonance light scattering signal and its potential application

A novel assay has been developed to detect the interaction of DNA and anticancer drugs based on the decreased resonance light scattering (RLS) technique. The proposed method can be used to study those drugs which do not produce a RLS-signal after binding to DNA. RLS was used to monitor the interaction of five anticancer drugs with DNA. The reaction between anticancer drugs and DNA took place in BR buffer solution. From the RLS assay, the sequence of five anticancer drugs activities was as follows: CTX < MTX < Pt < MMC < 5-Fu. Mammary cancer cell DNA (mcDNA) was involved to validate the RLS assay. The results showed that the sensitivities of the five anticancer drugs targeting both mcDNA and ctDNA increased in the same order. However the sensitivity of each drug to mcDNA was higher than that to ctDNA It is a significant innovation of the RLS method to detect the interaction of DNA and anticancer drugs and to obtain drug sensitivity, which provides new strategies to screen DNA targeted anticancer drugs.     

氯乙基亚硝基脲导致DNA股间交联的荧光光谱法研究

氯乙基亚硝基脲(CENUs)是重要的临床抗癌药物,其抗癌作用机制与导致DNA股间交联密切相关。使用荧光光谱法对其导致的DNA股间交联进行定量分析。结果表明,交联率随着反应时间的延长逐渐增加,司莫司汀(Me-CCNU)和卡莫司汀(BCNU)的交联率分别约在8 h和5 h达到最大值,且药物浓度越大,交联率增加越快。比较了Me-CCNU和BCNU对DNA交联作用的反应动力学,发现分解较慢的Me-CCNU与DNA的交联过程中存在一段明显的"诱导期";而分解较快的BCNU与DNA的交联反应则不存在"诱导期",且BCNU浓度过高或反应时间过长均会使交联率下降。该文为阐明CENUs导致DNA交联的反应动力学和反应机理提供了依据。     

Solid State Electrochemical Oxidation of Some Bisphosphoramidates in Aqueous Media and their Applications in DNA Sensing

Bisphosphoramidates are known as anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral drugs and enzyme inhibitory agents. These compounds are electroactive and insoluble in aqueous media. Hence, a comprehensive study about the electrochemical properties of them seems very interesting. The oxidative behaviors of some bisphosphoramidates were studied in buffer solution over a wide pH range by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry using spiked carbon paste electrodes. The interaction of these compounds with calf thymus DNA (CT‐DNA) showed the ability of these compounds as DNA sensing. The decrease in the anodic peaks of bisphosphoramidates in the presence of DNA was used for the DNA monitoring.     

Studies of interactions among cobalt(III) polypyridyl complexes, 6-mercaptopurine and DNA

The interactions between cobalt polypyridyl coordination compounds Co(L)(3)(3+)(L=1,10-phenanthroline(phen), and bipyridine(bpy)),6-mercaptopurine and calf thymus DNA have been investigated using electrochemical methods(cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry), electronic absorption spectroscopy and viscosity measurements. Results indicate that there is an obvious interaction equilibrium between Co(L)(3)(3+), 6-mercaptopurine and DNA. The phenomena are investigated for the first time, and believed to be helpful to use the anticancer drugs more efficiently.     

Methionine ligand selectively promotes monofunctional adducts between trans-EE platinum anticancer drug and guanine DNA base

A detailed study on the reaction mechanism of trans-EE and trans-EE/Met Pt-containing anticancer drugs was carried out in order to rationalize the experimental kinetic data concerning the whole process leading to DNA platination.