离子色谱法测定中药女贞子浸煮液中的碱金属和碱土金属

用离子色谱法测定了中药女贞子水浸煮液中K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+的含量,色谱柱为IonPAC CS 12A(4 mm×250 mm)阳离子交换柱,淋洗液为11.0 mmol/L的硫酸溶液,流速1.00mL/min,电导检测器检测。结果表明,4种离子的检出限分别为:Na+0.021 mg/L,K+0.020 mg/L、Mg2+0.015 mg/L,Ca2+0.100 mg/L,相对标准偏差在0.72%~3.92%之间,回收率为98.3%~103.1%。结论:该法操作简便、快速,准确,为测定其它中药中Na+、K+、Mg2+、Ca2+的含量提供了一种有效的方法。     

离子色谱法测定苦荞系列产品中4种无机元素

采用离子色谱法同时测定苦荞粉、苦荞壳、苦荞叶、苦荞杆中Na、K、Ca、Mg等4种元素含量,并对元素进行了对比研究,同时对各元素进行了加标回收实验,苦荞粉、苦荞壳、苦荞叶、苦荞杆中各元素的平均回收率在94.00%~102.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)在0.88%~2.8%,测定范围为0.89~999.10μg/L。实验建立了简便、快速、准确和稳定的测定苦荞粉、苦荞壳、苦荞叶、苦荞杆中无机元素的方法。结果显示苦荞叶中Ca和Mg的含量均很高,分别为17 208.8mg/kg和3 954.5mg/kg,苦荞壳中钾和钠含量很高,分别为4 849.1mg/kg和1 269.2mg/kg;在苦荞叶中Ca、Mg等营养元素的含量较苦荞粉中的高,所以苦荞叶有开发应用价值。     

青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤微量元素含量比较研究

为研究青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤的特性,采用电热板消解法处理样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种药材中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种金属元素的含量。结果表明,Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素含量在两种道地药材中,含量最高的是Ca,平均值分别为(55.78±12.10)mg/g和(26.48±5.79)mg/g;含量最低的元素为Cu,其值分别为(0.28±0.28)mg/g和(0.09±0.06)mg/g;其它元素含量从高到低依次为Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn。可见不同地区的羌活其微量元素的含量有明显的差异,且羌活微量元素含量也存在种间差异,细叶羌活的Ca、Mg元素含量比宽叶羌活的要低,相反,Fe,Cu,Zn 3种元素含量细叶羌活的比宽叶的要高。     

Comparison of Six Trace Elements Content in Two Genuine Medicines of Notopterygium Incisum and Aconitum pendulum in Qinghai plateau

为研究青海高原道地药材羌活和铁棒锤的特性,采用电热板消解法处理样品,原子吸收分光光度法测定了两种药材中Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种金属元素的含量.结果表明,Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素含量在两种道地药材中,含量最高的是Ca,平均值分别为(55.78±12.10) mg/g和(26.48±5.79) mg/g;含量最低的元素为Cu,其值分别为(0.28±0.28)mg/g和(0.09±0.06) mg/g;其它元素含量从高到低依次为Mg,Fe,Zn,Mn.可见不同地区的羌活其微量元素的含量有明显的差异,且羌活微量元素含量也存在种间差异,细叶羌活的Ca、Mg元素含量比宽叶羌活的要低,相反,Fe,Cu,Zn 3种元素含量细叶羌活的比宽叶的要高.     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法(ICP-AES)测定银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量

针对银精矿样品复杂,难消解的特点,研究了不同酸溶法和碱熔法对样品的消解情况,建立了硝酸,盐酸,氢氟酸,高氯酸消解银精矿的方法。根据元素灵敏度和抗干扰性,选定各元素的测定波长。通过酸溶样和碱熔样测定结果比对,验证了方法准确性。建立了四酸消解-电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量的方法,元素的线性相关系数均在0.9999以上。通过共存元素干扰实验,确定了银精矿中高含量元素(铜、铅、锌、铁、锑、铋等)对测定元素结果没有影响。方法检出限：Cu 0.0063 mg/L, Pb 0.0159 mg/L ,Zn 0.0090 mg/L,As 0.0192 mg/L, Cd 0.0093 mg/L ,Ca 0.0084 mg/L, Mg 0.0075 mg/L, Mn 0.0081 mg/L。测定下限：Cu 0.0105mg/L,Pb 0.0265 mg/L, Zn 0.0150 mg/L, As 0.0320 mg/L, Cd 0.0155 mg/L, Ca 0.0140 mg/L, Mg 0.0125 mg/L,Mn 0.0135 mg/L。3个样品的相对标准偏差在0.87%~3.56%之间,加标回收率在95.00%~103.56%之间。方法流程短,操作简单,快速,灵敏度和再现性高,结果准确可靠,可以满足银精矿中铜、铅、锌、砷、镉、钙、镁、锰含量的测定。     

苏州市儿童血清中微量元素含量分析

为了解苏州市儿童血清中微量元素的含量,用OlympusAu 40 0 (日本)全自动生化分析仪检测了苏州大学附属儿童医院儿保门诊3 5 0例体检儿童血清中的微量元素含量。结果表明,本地区儿童血清中Ca、P、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn含量依次为:(2 .3 4±0 . 1 4)mmol/L、(1 .5 8±0 . 2 3 )mmol/L、(0 .89±0 . 1 1 )mmol/L、(2 4. 62±5 .0 5 ) μmol/L、(1 5 . 0 2±5. 63 ) μmol/L、(2 0 . 86±5 . 74) μmol/L。男、女儿童间Ca、P、Mg、Cu、Fe、Zn含量差异无显著性(P值均>0 . 1 0 ) ;在不同年龄组间,Mg、Zn含量差异无显著性(P值均>0 . 1 0 ) ,Ca、P、Cu、Fe含量差异显著(P值均<0 .0 1 ) ;Fe含量随年龄的增长而逐步增加,Ca含量随年龄的增长而逐步降低。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定食品中的主、微量元素

采用微波消解食品样品后直接进行分析,调节动态反应池DRC( Dynamic reaction cell)的电压参数( Rpa)而不通入气体,选择性抑制高浓度元素K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al的信号强度,同时应用DRC技术有效的消除了m/z 75处40 Ar35 Cl+对砷测定的干扰,建立了电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定食品中K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al, Cu,Zn,Pb,As,Mn共10种元素的分析方法。 K,Na,Ca,Mg,Al的检出限为0.013~0.027 mg/L; Cu,Pb,Zn, As,Mn的检出限为0.12~0.61μg/L。采用国家标准物质GBW10023(紫菜),GBW10015(菠菜),GBW10018(鸡肉),GBW10017(奶粉),GBW10019(苹果)和GBW10024(扇贝)进行方法验证,结果准确可信。本方法具有高通量,低成本,样品污染风险小的优点,能够对样品中高低含量的元素同时分析。     

玉米麸质对Ca(Ⅱ)、Mg(Ⅱ)的吸附

本文考查了玉米麸质对Ca(Ⅱ),Mg(Ⅱ)的吸附作用。实验表明,玉米麸质对Ca(Ⅱ)的吸附量可达98％,对Mg(Ⅱ)达89％,饱和吸附量对Ca(Ⅱ)和Mg(Ⅱ)分别是8.6mg和5.4mg/g,再生容易。有希望用作软水材料。     

ICP-AES法测定油田采出水中钙、镁

为确定ICP-AES法测定油田采出水中Ca,Mg元素的影响因素以及消除方法,研究了不同浓度阳离子和油含量对Ca,Mg元素测定的影响。采用湿式消解法处理油田采出水对油进行消解,并通过测定电导率选择合适的基体匹配系列测定样品。Ca,Mg元素的检出限分别为0.01和0.002 mg/L,Na+,K+的存在测定结有较大影响,而在油田采出水油含量变化范围内,稀释后油含量对测定结果影响较小。通过基体匹配系列能降低Na+,K+的干扰,湿式消解法可消除油对测定的影响;方法的加标回收率在98%~102%之间,RSD在0.5%~2.1%之间,ICP-AES法与滴定法测定值进行比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),说明所建立的方法是一种适合油田采出水中Ca,M g元素定量测定的方法。     

碘量法测定水中溶解氧含量测量不确定度的评定

分析碘量法测定水中溶解氧含量测量不确定度的影响因素，对测量不确定度各个分量的评定结果表明，测量重复性的不确定度分量最大，其次是样品溶液的体积、滴定溶液的体积和滴定溶液的浓度等不确定度分量，计算得到水中溶解氧含量测定结果的合成不确定度为0．06mg/L，扩展不确定度为0．12mg/L。     

Association of (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity with ATP-dependent Ca uptake in vesicles prepared from human erythrocytes.

Ghost membranes prepared from human erythrocytes exhibit 2 distinct (Ca + Mg)-ATPase1 activities (Quist and Roufogalis, Arch Biochem Biophys 168:240, 1975). (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity dependent on a water soluble protein fraction is selectively lost from ghost membranes during preparation of vesicles under low ionic strength, slightly alkaline conditions. In this study, the Ca2+ dependence of the remaining membrane bound (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity and ATP-dependent Ca uptake in vesicles were compared. The Ca2+ activation curves for (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity and Ca uptake into vesicles were parallel over a Ca2+ range of 0.3-330 micrometer, and both curves have 2 apparent KA values for Ca2+ of 0.45 and 100 micrometer. Addition of a concentrated soluble protein fraction containing predominantly spectrin to the vesicles increased (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity over twofold but did not affect the rate of Ca uptake. These findings suggest that the (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity remaining in vesicles after extraction of the water soluble proteins is associated with the Ca pump whereas (Ca + Mg)-ATPase activity dependent on the soluble protein fraction is associated with some other function.     

TSPIXE analysis of Mg/Ca ratios in ostracode shells

The m-PIXE setup of Fudan University has been used to study the trace elements of ostracode shells. Program TSPIXE was used to calculate their trace element concentrations.Stenocypris derupta Vavra, Dolerocypria mukaishimensis okubo andTanella opima Chen, three kinds of ostracodes were analyzed. In this study, we concentrate on the relationships between molar ratios of Mg/Ca and temperature, and between molar ratios of Mg/Ca and salinity of the host water. We have found that the molar ratios of Mg/Ca of ostracize shells are positively correlated with the temperature of the host water, but negatively correlated with its salinity.     

冠心病患者血清钙、镁、磷变化的临床分析

为探讨冠心病患者血清钙、镁、磷的变化及其与冠心病的关系,对62例冠心病患者进行了血清钙、镁、磷含量的测定,并与41例健康人测定结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,冠心病组与健康对照组比较,血清钙离子和镁离子的含量均有显著性差异（P〈0．01）,磷无显著性差异（P〉0．05）。提示冠心病患者有血清离子含量的异常改变,主要表现为血清钙离子和镁离子含量的降低。     

不同月份栽培藏木香微量元素的含量测定及动态分析

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对不同月份栽培藏木香中Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Ca、K、Mg和Na8种微量元素进行了分析测定。结果表明,在选定的测定条件下,栽培藏木香中各元素间相互干扰小,对测定无明显影响。方法的标准曲线线性关系良好(r=0.997 3~0.999 9),方法回收率(n=7)在97.5%~100.3%之间,RSD值(n=7)在1.16%~2.76%之间。栽培藏木香中K、Ca、Mg含量较高且不同月份微量元素含量有所不同,其中Zn、Cu、Mn含量基本稳定;K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe等元素含量呈现较大幅度的变化趋势。研究结果为合理利用藏木香资源提供了可靠依据。     

微波萃取毛细管电泳等离子体原子发射光谱法分析银杏中的元素形态

以微波萃取提取银杏叶与银杏果中的水溶液。采用毛细管电泳-电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(CE-ICP-AES),对银杏叶与银杏果水提取液中的Ca、Mg、Zn、Cu等元素的形态进行了研究,并对这些元素在银杏叶和银杏果中的含量及其水提取液中的提取率做了对比研究。     

尿毒症患者与血清八种元素含量关系的研究

检测了３７例尿毒症患者血清微量元素Ｆｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ和常量元素Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ的含量，并进行比较，探讨其相互关系，以期为尿毒症的发生发展及防治措施提供依据．结果发现尿毒症患者血清Ｋ、Ｐ、Ｍｇ极显著高于对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０１），而Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｆｅ及Ｎａ／Ｋ、Ｃａ／Ｍｇ则极显著低于对照组（均Ｐ＜０．０１），且Ｎａ／Ｋ、Ｃａ／Ｍｇ与肾实质受损程度呈负相关，提示Ｎａ／Ｋ、Ｃａ／Ｍｇ降低与尿毒症的发生发展过程有密切的关系．     

内含式化合物X@Al12P12的结构与稳定性研究

采用B3LYP／6—31G*方法,对内含式化合物X@Al12P12(X=Li^0/ ,Na^0/ ,K^0/2 ,Be^0/2 ,Mg^0/2 ,Ca^0/2 ,H和He)的不同对称性构型进行计算,讨论其最稳定构型的几何参数、布居分析、偶极矩、电离势、包含能、频率、HOMO—LUMO能隙和自旋密度．发现X@Al12P12化合物中,客体X=Na^0/ ,K^0/ ,Mg和He几乎处在笼的中心,Be和Ca^0/2 处在中心附近0．033nm的半径内,Li^0/ ,Be^2 ,Mg^2 和H很大程度上偏离笼的中心位置．大部分金属内含式化合物的C3对称性构型稳定．Li^0/ 。,Be^0/2 ,Mg^2 ,Ca^2 和H与其它离子相比更易嵌入笼内形成稳定的内含式化合物．     

冠心病患者血清Ca、Mg含量分析及其临床意义

采用火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定了冠心病患者及健康人血清中Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的含量,并比较了Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比值。结果显示,冠心病患者血清镁含量明显低于健康人（Ｐ〈０．０５）,Ｃａ／Ｍｇ比值有显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

Effect of metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) and water coordination on the structure of glycine and zwitterionic glycine

Interactions between metal ions and amino acids are common both in solution and in the gas phase. Here, the effect of metal ions and water on the structure of glycine is examined. The effect of metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) and water on structures of Gly.Mn+(H2O)m and GlyZwitt.Mn+(H2O)m (m = 0, 2, 5) complexes have been determined theoretically by employing the hybrid B3LYP exchange-correlation functional and using extended basis sets. Selected calculations were carried out also by means of CBS-QB3 model chemistry. The interaction enthalpies, entropies, and Gibbs energies of eight complexes Gly.Mn+ (Mn+ = Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) were determined at the B3LYP density functional level of theory. The computed Gibbs energies DeltaG degrees are negative and span a rather broad energy interval (from -90 to -1100 kJ mol(-1)), meaning that the ions studied form strong complexes. The largest interaction Gibbs energy (-1076 kJ mol(-1)) was computed for the NiGly2+ complex. Calculations of the molecular structure and relative stability of the Gly.Mn+(H2O)m and GlyZwitt.Mn+(H2O)m (Mn+ = Li+, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+; m = 0, 2, and 5) systems indicate that in the complexes with monovalent metal cations the most stable species are the NO coordinated metal cations in non-zwitterionic glycine. Divalent cations Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ prefer coordination via the OO bifurcated bonds of the zwitterionic glycine. Stepwise addition of two and five water molecules leads to considerable changes in the relative stability of the hydrated species. Addition of two water molecules at the metal ion in both Gly.Mn+ and GlyZwitt.Mn+ complexes reduces the relative stability of metallic complexes of glycine. For Mn+ = Li+ or Na+, the addition of five water molecules does not change the relative order of stability. In the Gly.K+ complex, the solvation shell of water molecules around K+ ion has, because of the larger size of the potassium cation, a different structure with a reduced number of hydrogen-bonded contacts. This results in a net preference (by 10.3 kJ mol(-1)) of the GlyZwitt.K+H2O5 system. Addition of five water molecules to the glycine complexes containing divalent cations Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ results in a net preference for non-zwitterionic glycine species. The computed relative Gibbs energies are quite high (-10 to -38 kJ mol(-1)), and the NO coordination is preferred in the Gly.Mn+(H2O)5 (Mn+ = Mg2+, Ca2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) complexes over the OO coordination.     

Multi-elemental profile patterns during the life cycle stage of the soybean Part 1. Determination of representative elements, Na, Mg, Al, K and Ca

We present Na, Mg, Al, K and Ca profiles, determined by neutron activationanalysis (NAA) in a soybean plant during its life cycle in water culture.The concentrations of Mg and Ca in leaves were higher than the other tissuesduring the developmental stage of a plant. The concentration of K was relativelyuniform within a plant. When a plant was treated with V, element uptake amount,especially Mg, K and Ca, was decreased throughout the life cycle. Vanadiumtreatment also induced low concentration of Mg and K in roots.