聚对氨基苯磺酸/氧化石墨烯修饰电极同时测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸

用循环伏安法制备了聚对氨基苯磺酸/氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(PABSA/GO/GCE),研究了多巴胺(DA)和抗坏血酸(AA)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,并建立了同时测定多巴胺和抗坏血酸电化学分析新方法,相对于裸玻碳电极,该电极测定DA和AA的峰电流明显增加。实验结果表明:在实验条件下,DA测定的线性范围为0.50～300μmol/L;检出限为5.0μmol/L。AA测定的线性范围是0.10～2.4 mmol/L,检出限为0.50μmol/L。     

基于氧化石墨烯修饰玻碳电极的多巴胺和尿酸的电化学检测

将超声分散的氧化石墨烯(GO)悬浮液滴涂于玻碳电极(GCE)表面,制备成GO/GCE,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)对GO/GCE进行表征,利用差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)、循环伏安法(CV)对多巴胺(DA)和尿酸(UA)进行了电化学测定。研究了pH对DA和UA电化学行为的影响并计算相关的动力学参数。结果表明:该修饰电极对DA和UA的氧化还原反应具有良好的电化学催化作用,在1.0~98.0μmol/L和0.5~90.0μmol/L范围内峰电流与DA和UA浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限分别为0.50μmol/L和0.25μmol/L。而且可以在抗坏血酸(AA)共存下同时测定DA和UA。该传感器具有良好的选择性与稳定性,有望应用于DA和UA的同时测定。     

基于MOF-199/多壁碳纳米管纳米复合材料的对乙酰氨基苯酚电化学传感器

基于MOF-199和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)成功构建了对乙酰氨基苯酚(AP)的电化学传感器。通过水热法合成MOF-199,借助超声分散将MWCNTs成功包覆在MOF-199的表面,该MOF-199/MWCNTs复合材料修饰玻碳电极(GCE)具有良好的电化学和电催化性能。结果显示,MOF-199/MWCNTs/GCE修饰电极对AP具有较宽的线性范围(0.1～60μmol/L)和较低的检出限(0.071μmol/L)。此外,MOF-199/MWCNTs/GCE还具有优良的选择性、重现性和稳定性,具有良好的应用前景。     

多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极伏安法测定香草醛

制备了羧基化多壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(c-MWCNTs/GCE),采用循环伏安法在0.5 mol/L HCl中研究了食品添加剂香草醛的电化学行为。结果显示,该修饰电极对香草醛的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化作用,与裸玻碳电极相比电流响应显著增强。香草醛在该修饰电极上的氧化为不可逆的扩散控制过程。在最佳条件下,采用二阶导数线性扫描伏安法进行测定,香草醛的氧化峰电流与其浓度在0.1～6.0μmol/L和6.0～100μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为0.02μmol/L。该修饰电极具有良好的重现性(RSD=4.6%)和稳定性。方法应用于食品中香草醛的测定,回收率为96.3%～104%。     

基于Nafion-聚溴甲酚绿-石墨烯纳米复合膜修饰玻碳电极的NO电化学传感器北大核心CSCD

本文构建了Nafion-聚溴甲酚绿-石墨烯纳米复合膜修饰玻碳电极(Nafion/PBG/GO/GCE)。研究表明,该复合膜修饰电极对NO的电化学氧化具有明显的催化作用。同时,该复合膜具有较大的比表面和较快的电子转移速率,从而建立了一种NO的高灵敏、快响应电化学传感方法。结果显示,NO在Nafion/PBG/GO/GCE上的氧化峰电流与其浓度在1.0×10^(-7)~2.25×10^(-4)mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,其检出限为2.0×10^(-8)mol/L。此外,该传感器还具有良好的重现性、选择性和稳定性,可用于生物样品中NO含量的实时动态监测。     

MWCNTs-rGO/PDDA-AuNPs复合膜修饰电极对莱克多巴胺的灵敏检测

采用自组装方法,将聚二烯丙基二甲基氯化铵(PDDA)功能化的金纳米颗粒(Au NPs)负载于多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)-还原型氧化石墨烯(r GO)夹层,再涂覆于玻碳电极(GCE)上,制备了纳米复合膜修饰电极MWCNTs-r GO/PDDA-Au NPs/GCE.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外-可见光谱(UV-Vis)对修饰膜的形貌及结构进行表征.探讨了其对莱克多巴胺(Rac)的循环伏安行为,结果表明MWCNTs-r GO/PDDA-Au NPs纳米复合物对Rac表现出显著的电催化氧化特性.采用差分脉冲伏安法测得该复合膜修饰电极对Rac检测的线性范围为0.036~4.5μmol/L,检出限为6.35 nmol/L(S/N≥3),且显示出良好的抗干扰能力、稳定性及重现性.采用该方法检测猪血清及猪尿样中的Rac,回收率达95.4%~105.9%,表明该复合膜修饰电极对实际样品中Rac的检测具有潜在应用价值.     

碳纳米管修饰电极检测特丁基对苯二酚

利用碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(MWCNTs/GCE),对特丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)进行了检测,采用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)考察了TBHQ在裸电极和修饰电极上的电化学行为。M WCNTs/GCE对TBHQ的氧化具有较好的电催化活性,在修饰电极上的氧化还原峰电位差从261 m V减小到30 m V。在0.10 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲溶液(p H 7.0)中,扫速为50 m V/s时,此修饰电极的DPV响应与TBHQ浓度在2~250μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为0.1μmol/L(S/N=3)。此修饰电极可应用于食用油中TBHQ的测定,回收率为92.0%~104.0%。     

聚中性红/纳米二氧化硅复合修饰电极直接测定抗坏血酸

用滴涂法和电化学聚合法制备了聚中性红/纳米二氧化硅修饰电极(PNR/nano-SiO2/GCE),并用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法研究了修饰电极表面的电化学行为。实验表明,该修饰电极对抗坏血酸(AA)表现出良好的电催化氧化性能,探讨了复合修饰电极协同增效作用的机理。用线性扫描伏安法研究了AA浓度与峰电流之间线性关系,在pH2.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,AA氧化峰电流在1.8×10-6～5.0×10-3mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为5.4×10-7mol/L(S/N=3)。该修饰电极制备简单,可用于药品及果蔬食品中抗坏血酸的直接测定。     

苯胺在邻-氨基苯磺酸功能化的玻碳电极上聚合及其对抗坏血酸的电催化氧化

通过电氧化法将ABS分子以CN键共价键合在玻碳电极(GCE)表面,形成ABS分子单层膜修饰的GCE(ABS/GCE),在此电极上对AN进行电聚合,从而制备了聚苯胺/邻氨基苯磺酸复合膜修饰电极(PAN-ABS/GCE/CME).由于ABS中磺酸基功能团对PAN的掺杂作用使PAN在中性或碱性介质中都能呈现出较好的电化学活性.研究表明,PAN-ABS/GCE/CME在PBS(pH 6.8)中对AA的电氧化具有催化作用,其氧化峰电位为0.17 V,比在裸GCE上(0.39 V)负移了0.22 V,峰电流明显升高.AA在修饰电极上的氧化峰电流与其浓度在0.5～16.5 mmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为ipa(μA)=20.2+6.20CAA,r=0.9973; 检出限(3δ)为7.2 μmol/L,电极具有较好的稳定性和重现性.并采用计时电流法对AA催化氧化的扩散系数和催化速率常数进行了研究.     

金纳米粒子/碳纳米管修饰电极对4 壬基酚的电催化氧化及检测研究

制备了金纳米粒子/碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(AuNPs-CNTs/GCE),采用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法研究了4-壬基酚在修饰电极上的电化学行为,并建立了一种灵敏简便地检测4-壬基酚的电化学方法。优化了pH值、扫描速率、富集时间等测定参数,并计算出pH值与氧化峰电压、扫描速率与氧化峰电流之间的数量关系。在pH 10.0的BR缓冲溶液中,4-壬基酚在AuNPs-CNTs/GCE上出现灵敏的氧化峰,氧化电位为0.51 V。与裸玻碳电极(GCE)和单一碳纳米管修饰电极(CNTs/GCE)相比,AuNPs-CNTs/GCE明显提高了4-壬基酚的氧化电流。在优化实验条件下,4-壬基酚的浓度分别在0.05～4μmol/L和6～14μmol/L范围内与氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.023μmol/L,对于实际样品测定的回收率为95%～104%。该修饰电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性,可用于环境样品中4-壬基酚的直接检测。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.