直接甲醇燃料电池中甲醇替代燃料的研究进展

直接甲醇燃料电池;甲醇替代燃料;乙醇;甲酸     

直接甲醇燃料电池阴极催化剂的研究进展

直接甲醇燃料电池阴极催化剂的研究进展;直接甲醇燃料电池;阴极催化剂;氧还原;耐甲醇     

厚壁和薄壁碳纳米管载铂催化剂制备和对甲醇氧化的电催化活性

铂催化剂;碳纳米管;甲醇;直接甲醇燃料电池     

低甲醇透过直接甲醇燃料电池

复合膜;甲醇透过率;低甲醇透过直接甲醇燃料电池     

耐甲醇氧还原催化剂四苯基卟啉-铂的研究

直接甲醇燃料电池;燃料电池;耐甲醇氧还原催化剂四苯基卟啉-铂的研究     

多金属氧酸盐载Pd催化剂制备及其对甲酸氧化的电催化性能

多金属氧酸盐;直接甲酸燃料电池;钯;介孔分子筛     

直接甲醇燃料电池用磺化聚醚醚酮膜初探

应用电化学方法研究了SPEEK膜的甲醇渗透性能.SPEEK膜具有比Nafion115膜低的甲醇渗透.以其作质子交换膜电解质组装的直接甲醇燃料电池(DMFCs)开路电压高于Nafion115膜组装的DMFC开路电压,但电池的放电性能尚待改进.本研究可为SPEEK应用于直接甲醇燃料电池提供一定的依据.     

直接甲醇燃料电池PtRuMo/C电催化剂的制备和性质

直接甲醇燃料电池PtRuMo/C电催化剂的制备和性质;直接甲醇燃料电池;电催化剂;甲醇电氧化     

二甲氧基甲烷在硫酸溶液中的电化学行为

电化学反应;直接甲醇燃料电池;燃料电池;二甲氧基甲烷在硫酸溶液中的电化学行为     

直接甲醇燃料电池阳极催化剂研究进展

 甲醇氧化电催化剂是决定直接甲醇燃料电池性能、寿命和成本的关键材料之一. 近年来人们从提高阳极催化剂活性和降低催化剂成本两个方面出发进行了大量的研究, 有力推动了直接甲醇燃料电池的发展. 在简要介绍电催化剂上甲醇氧化反应机理的基础上, 综述了近年来直接甲醇燃料电池阳极催化剂的研究进展, 从铂基催化剂、非铂基催化剂和催化剂载体三个方面进行了详细的介绍 (附有 58 篇参考文献), 并展望了甲醇电催化剂的发展趋势     

Pd/TiC-C催化剂对甲酸氧化的电催化性能

研究了TiC和C作混合载体的Pd(Pd/TiC-C)催化剂对甲酸氧化的电催化性能。发现Pd/TiC-C催化剂对直接甲酸燃料电池(DFAFC)中甲酸氧化的电催化性能要优于Pd/C催化剂。而且,Pd/TiC-C催化剂的电催化性能与C和TiC的质量比有关,当质量比为2时,Pd/TiC-C催化剂对甲酸氧化的电催化活性和稳定性最好,甲酸在C和TiC的质量比为2的Pd/TiC-C催化剂电极上的氧化峰峰电位为0.164 V,比在Pd/C催化剂电极上负移12 mV,峰电流密度为23.08 mA/cm2,比在Pd/C催化剂电极上高约42％。     

直接甲醇燃料电池如何获益于碳酸盐介质(英文)

本文通过比较 0 .5mol/LK2 CO3与 0 .5mol/LH2 SO4 中甲醇阳极氧化与氧阴极还原的动力学 ,探讨直接甲醇燃料电池 (DMFC)使用碳酸盐介质的可能性 .实验表明 ,碳酸盐介质比传统的酸性介质具有更多的优点 :1)在碳酸盐介质中 ,电池的阴阳极反应性能比在酸中的高 ;2 )非贵重金属材料有可能被用作阴阳极催化剂 ;3)由于可能使用对甲醇不敏感的金属氧化物 (如MnO2 )作阴极催化剂 ,甲醇穿透隔膜于阴极放电的难题有望克服 .     

直接甲醇燃料电池催化剂性能的影响因素

考察了温度、电位及中间产物等因素对直接甲醇燃料电池催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,温度的升高会显著促进Pt催化剂粒子的聚结.对于PtRu催化剂,Ru氧化物/水合氧化物对Pt微晶的聚结具有抑制作用.高温放电实验后,PtRu催化剂的合金化程度有所提高.高电位会加速电催化剂的降解.电极反应中间产物甲酸和甲醛对甲醇电催化氧化反应具有一定的抑制作用,其中甲醛的影响更大.     

柔性Pd@PANI/rGO纸阳极在甲醇燃料电池中的应用

利用脉冲电压法在自组装制得的柔性石墨烯纸表面聚合聚苯胺,以该复合材料作为甲醇燃料电池的阳极电极基体,采用循环伏安法在其表面电沉积纳米Pd制备出无需外加粘接和支撑的催化电极。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和红外光谱分析该材料的表面形貌和化学组成,并通过电化学测试该电极在甲醇氧化过程中的催化性能。结果表明,该阳极材料柔韧性好,原料利用率高,聚苯胺在石墨烯纸表面分散良好,形貌均一,聚苯胺的存在提高了催化剂的催化效率,使得甲醇的氧化峰电流密度从3 mA·mg~(-1)提高到67 mA·mg~(-1),且延长了催化剂的使用寿命,正向与反向扫描的阳极峰值电流密度的比值(jf/jb值)达到5.7。     

Ho~(3+)修饰的Pt/C电极对DMM的电催化氧化

通过循环伏安法(CV),计时电流法(CA)和线性扫描法(LSV)对二甲氧基甲烷的电氧化特性进行了研究.发现当用Ho3+修饰Pt/C催化剂电极后可以大幅度提高电极对DMM的电催化活性.热处理Ho3+修饰后Pt/C催化剂电极,可进一步提高该电极对DMM的电催化氧化活性.     

Electrocatalytic mechanism and kinetics of SOMs oxidation on ordered PtPb and PtBi intermetallic compounds: DEMS and FTIRS study

The electrocatalytic activities and mechanisms of PtPb and PtBi ordered intermetallic phases towards formic acid, formaldehyde and methanol oxidation have been studied by DEMS and FTIRS, and the results compared to those for a pure polycrystalline platinum electrode. While PtPb exhibits an enhanced electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of all three organic molecules when compared to a Pt electrode, PtBi exhibits an enhanced catalytic activity towards formic acid and formaldehyde oxidation, but not methanol. FTIRS data indicate that adsorbed CO does not form on PtPb or PtBi intermetallic compounds during the oxidation of formic acid, formaldehyde and methanol, and therefore their oxidation on both PtPb and PtBi intermetallic compounds proceeds via a non-CO(ads) pathway. Quantitative DEMS measurements indicate that only CO(2) was detected as a final product during formic acid oxidation on Pt, PtPb and PtBi electrodes. At a smooth polycrystalline platinum electrode, the oxidation of formaldehyde and methanol produces mainly intermediates (formaldehyde and formic acid), while CO(2) is a minor product. In contrast, CO(2) is the major product for formaldehyde and methanol oxidation at a PtPb electrode. The high current efficiency of CO(2) formation for methanol and formaldehyde oxidation at a PtPb electrode can be ascribed to the complete dehydrogenation of formaldehyde and formic acid due to electronic effects. The low onset potential, high current density and high CO(2) yield make PtPb one of the most promising electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications using small organic molecules as fuels.     

纳米颗粒结合ZIF-67衍生的PtCo-NC催化剂用于醇类燃料电氧化

Alcohols fuel electro-oxidation is significant to the development of direct alcohols fuel cells, that are considered as a promising power source for portable electronic devices. Currently, the catalyst was restricted by the serious poisoning effect and high cost of noble metals. Developing low-cost Pt alloy with high performance and anti-CO poisoning ability was highly desired. In this work, PtCo-NC catalyst was synthesized by combining Pt nanoparticles with ZIF-67 after annealing in the tube furnace and the in situ generated N-doped carbon from ZIF-67 was functionalized to support the PtCo alloy nanoparticle. The structure and morphology were probed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope, and the electrochemical performance was evaluated for alcohols of methanol and ethanol oxidation in the acid electrolyte. Compared with the reference sample of Pt/C, several times performance enhancement for alcohols fuel oxidation was found on PtCo-NC catalyst as well as the good catalytic stability. Specifically, the peak current density of PtCo-NC was 79.61 mA∙cm⁻² for methanol oxidation, about 2.2 times higher than that of the Pt/C electrode (36.97 mA∙cm⁻²) and 2.5 times higher than that of the commercial Pt/C electrode (31.23 mA∙cm⁻²); it was 62.69 mA∙cm^–2 for ethanol oxidation, about 1.65 times higher than that of Pt/C catalyst (37.99 mA∙cm⁻²) and commercial Pt/C electrode (37.77 mA∙cm⁻²). These catalytic performances were also much higher than some analogous catalysts developed for alcohols fuel oxidation. A much higher anti-CO poisoning ability was demonstrated by the CO stripping voltammetry experiment, in which the CO_ad oxidation peak potential for PtCo-NC was 0.46 V, ca. 110 mV negative shift compared with Pt/C catalyst at 0.57 V. A strong electronic effect was indicated by the peak position shifting to the lower binding energy direction by 0.3 eV on PtCo-NC compared with Pt/C reference catalyst. According to the d-band center theory, the electron-enriched state of Pt will decrease the interaction strength of poisoning intermediates adsorbed on its surface; Moreover, according to the bifunctional catalytic mechanism, the presence of Co can form the adsorbed oxygen-containing species (―OH) more easily than Pt at low potentials, and this oxygen-species were helpful in the oxidation of CO_ad at neighboring Pt sites. The high catalytic performance for alcohols fuel oxidation could be due to the largely improved anti-CO poisoning ability and the synergistic effect between the in situ formed PtCo nanoparticles and the N-doped carbon support.     

Methanol Tolerant PWA-Pt/C Catalyst with Excellent Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen Reduction in Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

It was reported for the first time that phosphorictungstenic acid （PWA） could promote the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） and inhibit the methanol oxidation reaction at the cathodic Pt/C catalyst in the direct methanol fuel cell （DMFC）. When the weight ratio of PWA to Pt/C is 1, the composite catalyst increases the reduction current of oxygen by about 38% and decreases the oxidation current of methanol by about 76% compared with that of the Pt/C catalyst.     

电解液中的乙二胺四甲叉膦酸对甲酸在炭载Pd催化剂上电氧化性能的影响

利用X射线能量色散(EDS)谱、X射线衍射(XRD)谱、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和电化学等技术研究了在电解液中添加乙二胺四甲叉膦酸(EDTMP)对甲酸在Pd/C催化剂上电氧化性能的影响. 结果表明, 当EDTMP添加的浓度为0.5 mmol/L时, Pd/C催化剂对甲酸氧化的电催化活性和稳定性最好. 这主要归结于吸附在Pd/C催化剂表面的EDTMP不但能通过基团效应降低CO的吸附量, 还能抑制Pd/C催化剂催化甲酸分解的速率, 从而减少了CO的毒化作用. 但当EDTMP的浓度大于0.5 mmol/L时, 吸附过多的EDTMP反而会占据Pd的活性位点, 降低催化作用.     

Efficient Direct‐Methanol Fuel Cell Based on Graphene Quantum Dots/Multi‐walled Carbon Nanotubes Composite

Direct‐methanol fuel cells are proton‐exchange fuel cell in which methanol is used as the fuel. The important advantage of these fuel cells is the simplicity of transport and storage of methanol. In this study, methanol fuel cell electrocatalysts including graphene quantum dots (GQDs), functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (f‐MWCNTs) and GQDs/f‐MWCNTs composite were synthesized. The structures of synthesized electrocatalysts were highlighted by scanning electron microscope (SEM), raman spectroscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and x‐ray diffraction (XRD) method. After that, the effective surface areas (ESA) of GQDs, f‐MWCNTs and GQDs/f‐MWCNTs were calculated. Finally, GQDs/f‐MWCNTs composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GQDs/f‐MWCNTs/GCE) showed highest current signals for methanol oxidation than those of comparable GQDs/GCE and f‐MWCNTs/GCE.