螯合树脂研究：ⅩⅩⅡ.用螯合树脂吸附和分离铂和铼

研究了三种含硫氯的凝胶型螯合树脂对铂和铼的吸附和解吸性能。树脂对铂铼的吸附容量随树脂氮含量的增加而增加;随溶液中铂铼浓度的增大而增大;随溶液酸度的增大而下降。含铂和铼的溶液通过树脂柱,两种金属离子可全部被吸附,其饱和吸附容量可达353mgRe/g树脂和319mgPt/g树脂。吸附在树脂上的铂和铼可用解吸能力较弱的洗脱剂先洗脱铼,然后用解吸能力较强的洗脱剂洗脱铂。两者可在洗脱过程中达到有效的分离。洗脱率均在98％以上,树脂可再生重复使用。     

新型SGN螯合树脂吸附贵金属性能和机理的研究

本文首次研究自制的氨基胍基螫合树脂吸附贵金属的行为。测定了树脂在HCl及H_2SO_4介质吸附贵金属的分配系数和吸附百分率,并研究了各种贵金属的吸附速率、以及酸度和温度等对吸附过程的影响。并提出树脂对贵金属配阴离子的配位和交换共存的吸附历程。     

大孔螯合树脂HZ401吸附去除废水中的铅

通过静态吸附实验,研究了大孔螯合树脂HZ401吸附去除废水中铅的性能.探究了时间、树脂用量、废水中铅的初始浓度、p H、温度、转速等条件对树脂吸附铅效果的影响,分析了吸附等温线和吸附动力学过程.结果表明:在研究范围内,HZ401树脂对铅的吸附率可以达到95%以上,返洗率几乎达到100%.树脂对铅的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程,同时符合准一级动力学Lagergren方程和准二级动力学Lagergren方程.HZ401树脂可以用于废水中痕量铅的去除.     

铜印迹螯合树脂对金属离子的吸附特性

研究了铜印迹螯合树脂与非印迹螯合树脂对金属离子的吸附性能，结果表明：铜印迹树脂对Cu^2 、Ni^2 、Zn^2 的吸附量比非印迹树脂有显著增大,两者对Cu^2 的吸附速率均较快，其表观吸附速率分别为0．044s^-1和0．040s^-1；印迹树脂对Cu^2 的吸附可用Langmuir或Freundlish等温式来描述；其动态吸附曲线与离子的起始浓度相关；用0．5mol／L HCl即可快速洗脱吸附的Cu^2 ，树脂具有较强的再生能力，可以重复使用。     

螯合树脂研究——Ⅺ.一类新的氨基二硫代甲酸型螯合树脂的合成及吸附性能

本文报道了以多乙烯多胺为主链的巯基胺树脂与二硫化碳反应,合成了四种新型的氨基二硫代甲酸型螯合树脂,这类树脂对贵金属具有高的吸附容量和优良的吸附选择性。并通过红外光谱和X光电子能谱研究树脂及其金属螫合物。     

氨基硫脲-甲醛螯合树脂的合成及吸附性能

以氨基硫脲和甲醛为原料,用一步法合成了一种新型的螯合树脂.测定了树脂对几种金属离子的吸附容量和对某些金属离子的吸附率,研究了吸附动力学、等温吸附等静态吸附性能.实验发现,树脂对某些贵金属离子有相当高的吸附容量和吸附率,对金离子有很好的吸附选择性.等温吸附测定表明在稀浓度范围内吸附符合Langmuir方程.     

用螯合树脂富集与分离贵金属元素

本文用放射性示踪法在静态和动态条件下研究贵金属元素在螯合树脂上的吸附行为,发现具有某种螯合基团的树脂3926(Ⅱ)对贵金属元素有很高的吸附选择性,对Pt、Pd、Au、Ir、Os、Ru的吸附率分别为100,99.5,98.3,97.7,93.0和84.3%,树脂不吸附Fe、Co、Zn、Pb、Cs、Sr、Cd、和稀土元素,而且树脂具有很好的辐照稳定性,可用于中子活化分析法测定矿样中痕量贵金属元素。     

聚乙烯四唑型螯合树脂及其对重金属离子的吸附性能

采用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)方法将丙烯腈(AN) 接枝到氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂(PS-CH₂Cl) 表面, 再与叠氮化钠进行3+2环加成反应, 制备了一种聚乙烯四唑型螯合树脂(PVT-g-PS). 用红外光谱和元素分析对PVT-g-PS树脂进行了表征, 考察了该树脂对Pb(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附性能. 在一定聚合时间范围内, 丙烯腈接枝率与SI-ATRP时间呈线性关系, 树脂表面四唑含量及树脂对金属离子的吸附容量随丙烯腈接枝率增大而增大, 说明丙烯腈在树脂表面聚合为活性可控聚合, 树脂表面功能团含量和树脂吸附容量可以用聚合时间调控. 通过分析树脂吸附容量与溶液pH值的关系、 吸附等温线和吸附动力学, 证明3种金属离子的吸附主要是基于配位作用的化学吸附. 当SI-ATRP时间为10 h时, 树脂对Pb(Ⅱ), Ni(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)吸附容量高达1.57, 1.68和1.92 mmol/g. 经过10次吸附-解吸循环实验, 树脂的吸附容量无显著变化, 表明新型树脂具有较高的吸附量和良好的重复使用性.     

新型螯合树脂聚苯乙烯负载葡糖胺对Pt(Ⅳ)吸附性能

合成了新型螯合树脂聚苯乙烯负载葡糖胺(PS-GA)。研究了树脂对Pt(Ⅳ)的吸附容量、吸附动力学、等温吸附等静态吸附性能及影响吸附的因素。结果表明,该树脂对Pt(Ⅳ)的吸附量较高;吸附动力学研究证明树脂对Pt(Ⅳ)的吸附为液膜扩散控制,吸附的活化能通过计算得10.31kJ/mol;树脂对Pt(Ⅳ)的等温吸附,与Freundlich方程相比,更加符合Langmuir方程;计算了等温吸附过程的热力学参数ΔG,ΔH,ΔS值;升高温度有利于吸附;树脂可用2%硫脲～0.1mol/LHCl溶液清洗再生,5次再生后仍保持良好的吸附能力,适合重复使用。     

氨基膦酸螯合树脂吸附重稀土的研究

研究了重稀土在氨基膦酸树脂的吸附行为.试验结果表明,氨基膦酸树脂对重稀土的吸附在pH=5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液时最佳;298K时静态饱和吸附容量为332mg/g干树脂;用2mol/L盐酸洗脱,洗脱率为91.2%;等温吸附服从Freundlich经验式;吸附反应中△H=10.76kJ/mol,表观速率常数k298=1.223×10-4s-1,表观活化能Ea=3.2kJ/mol.     

螯合树脂研究 ⅩⅪ．互贯网络型巯基胺型树脂的合成及其性质

本工作制备了以大孔交联聚苯乙烯为第一网络，以由环硫氯丙烷与多乙烯多胶反应而形成的交联聚合物为第二网络的互贯型流基胺树脂，并测定了其孔结构．该互贯型树脂与相应的凝胶型树脂相比，在酸性介质中膨胀程度小得多，而对Ａｇ~＋、Ａｕ~＋３ｎ的吸附性能更好．对Ａｇ~＋、Ａｕ~３＋的吸附容量分别可达４３２ｍｇＡｇ~＋／ｇ和５５３ｍｇＡｕ~３＋／ｇ．对Ａｕ~３＋的吸附率大于９９％．     

冠醚聚合物的研究 Ⅱ.以聚硫醚为主链的硫杂冠醚聚合物的合成及其络合性能

 本文报道了一种合成硫杂冠醚聚合物的新方法。以聚(2′-氯乙基-2,3-环硫丙基醚)为预聚物与二巯基化合物通过大分子反应直接环化,一步法合成了四种以聚硫醚为主链的新型硫杂冠醚聚合物(PD1-PD4)。并测定了它们对Ag⁺、Au³⁺)、Pd²⁺、Pt⁴⁺、Cu²⁺、Hg²⁺、Zn²⁺、Cd²⁺、Pb²⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺、Ns⁺等金属离子的络合性能。结果表明:它们除不络合K⁺、Na⁺、Mg²⁺、Pb²⁺外,对其它八种离子有不同程度的络合,其中对Ag⁺、Au³⁺、Pd²⁺等贵金属离子的络合容量较高。     

Hydrothermal ethanol conversion on Ag,Cu, Au/TiO2

The effect UV irradiation and silver, copper, and gold ions (M ^z+) supported on titania (anatase) have on the activity of M/TiO₂ samples in ethanol conversion at 150–400°C is examined. After UV irradiation, the yields of acetaldehyde and ethylene increase for TiO₂ and Ag/TiO₂ samples, while the activity of Cu²⁺/TiO₂ decreases. The activation energy of ethanol dehydration declines in the order TiO₂ > Au³⁺ > Cu²⁺ > Ag⁺ and correlates linearly with a reduction in the radius of M ^z+ in crystal. The number of acidic sites on a M/TiO₂ surface titrated via pyridine adsorption grows upon the introduction of M. Unlike Cu²⁺/TiO₂, these sites are not activated after the irradiation of TiO₂, Ag⁺/TiO₂, and Au³⁺/TiO₂. According to IR spectral data on adsorbed pyridine, all samples contain Lewis and Brönsted acidic sites.     

A chelating resin with bis[2-(2-benzothiazolylthioethyl)sulfoxide]: Synthesis, characterization and properties for the removal of trace heavy metal ion in water samples

A new chelating resin containing bis[2-(2-benzothiazolylthioethyl)sulfoxide] was synthesized using chloromethylated polystyrene as material and characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectra. The adsorption capacities of the newly formed resin for Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Fe³⁺ were investigated over the pH range 1.0-6.0. The resin exhibited no affinity for alkali or alkaline earth metal ions. The maximum adsorption capacities of the resin for Hg²⁺, Ag⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Mn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cd²⁺ and Fe³⁺ were 1.49, 0.96, 0.58, 0.11, 0.37, 0, 0.24, 0.36 and 0.25 mmol g⁻¹, respectively. In column operation it had been observed that Hg²⁺ and Ag⁺ in trace quantity could be separated from different binary mixtures and Hg²⁺ could be effectively removed from industrial wastewater and the natural water spiked with Hg²⁺ at usual pH.     

Analytical reactions of substituted cyanoferrates: 2. Pentacyanoamminoferrate (II) in catalytic spectrophotometric determination of sub-parts per million amounts of Ag+, Au3+, and Hg2+ in solution

The sub-parts per million amounts of Ag⁺, Au³⁺, and Hg²⁺ ions in solution have been determined by a catalytic spectrophotometric reaction. These ions catalyze the ligand exchange reaction between pentacyanoamminoferrate (II) ion and ferrozine [3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-bis(4-phenylsulfonic acid)-1,2,4-triazine] to produce a strongly colored chelate absorbing at 562 mm. The relative standard deviations for Hg²⁺ (10 ppb), Ag⁺ (20 ppb), and Au³⁺ (100 ppb) do not exceed 5%. The reaction is rapid in slightly acidic medium at room temperature. A mechanism is proposed and the effects of the experimental parameters have been determined.     

Preparation of macroreticular chelating resins containing mercapto groups from 2,3-epithiopropyl methacrylate/divinylbenzene copolymer beads and their adsorption capacity

Macroreticular chelating resins containing mercapto groups were prepared by the reaction of 2,3-epithiopropyl methacrylate/divinylbenzene macroreticular copolymer beads with ethanolic potassium hydrogensulfide solution for 1 h at 50°C. The adsorption capacities of this resin for Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cd²⁺ were determined at various pH values. In the acidic region, the resin shows a high affinity for Ag⁺ and Hg²⁺ and high resistance against air oxidation. Cadmium is readily eluted with 1 mol dm^?3 hydrochloric acid; silver, mercury and copper ions can be eluted with 1 mol dm^?3 hydrochloric acid containing 5% (w/v) thiourea. The proposed resin appears to be useful for the removal of As³⁺ from aqueous solutions.     

Synthesis of a Dithiocarbamate Chelate Resin and Its Oxidized form and Their Adsorption Properties for Heavy Metal Ions

A series of macroporous dithiocarbamate chelate resins, III and V, and an oxidized resin, VI, with high adsorption capacity were prepared. The influence of various reaction conditions of amination, dithiocarboxylation, and oxidation were examined. The structure and the conversion of functional groups of resins were confirmed by IR spectra and elemental analysis. The adsorption capacities of Resin II for Hg²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Cd²⁺ are 4.40, 2.44, 1.77, and 1.36 mmol/g, respectively. The adsorption capacities of Resins V and VI for Cu²⁺. Zn²⁺, Ni²⁺, Co³⁺, Ag⁺, Hg²⁺, Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, and Au³⁺ are 4.07–0.51 and 3.81–0.59 meq ion/g, respectively. The adsorption rate and the influence of pH on the adsorption percentage of the resins for metal ions were examined. Noble metal, transitional metal, and heavy metal ions can be quantitatively adsorbed by the resins. The adsorbed Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Co³⁺, and Ni²⁺ can be quantitatively eluted with 5N HNO₃, and the presence of large amounts of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Al³⁺ did not interfere.     

Abtrennung von Schwermetallionen mit Polystyrolaustauschern

Zusammenfassung Die Abtrennung von Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Hg²⁺, Au³⁺, Ag⁺, Pd²⁺ und UO ₂ ²⁺ aus Salzlösungen oder organischen Lösungsmitteln in Trennsäulen mit Hilfe von Polystyrolaustauschern, die Tiron, DMABR, TAM oder Glyoxal-bis (2-hydroxyanil) als Ankergruppen enthalten, wird beschrieben.

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Separation of heavy metal ions with polystyrene exchangers

Summary The separation of Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, Hg²⁺, Au³⁺, Ag⁺, Pd²⁺ and UO ₂ ²⁺ from salt solutions or organic solvents in separation columns by means of polystyrene exchangers containing Tiron, DMABR, TAM or glyoxal-bis(2-hydroxyanil) as anchor groups is described.