过渡金属氧化物在光电化学传感器中的应用研究进展

近年来,光电化学传感器的研究已经成为人们关注的热点。光敏材料作为光电化学传感器的关键部分,其性能对传感器的灵敏度、选择性和稳定性等特征起着决定性的作用。该文简要介绍了光电化学传感器的原理和光电材料的分类,阐述了在光电化学传感器中常见过渡金属氧化物及其复合物的光电材料的制备方法与应用,对光电化学传感器及光电化学材料的发展前景进行了展望(引用文献67篇)。     

光电化学传感器的构建及研究进展

光电化学传感器是以光为激发源,光电流或光电压为检测信号,通过电化学、生物识别等手段定量分析待测物与光电流或光电压之间关系的新型技术。其原理是当光照射到光电活性材料时,材料中的电子受到激发,其上面的识别探针捕获目标分析物,引起光电流或光电压变化。当目标物的浓度变化时,光电信号发生相应的变化,两者之间呈现出函数关系,因此,可以通过光电信号变化,来定量测定目标物。在光电化学传感器中,因其激发源(光)与检测信号(电流或电压)的完全分离极大地减少了背景信号的干扰;又因具有响应快速、灵敏度高、设备简单、价格低廉易于微型化等优点,使光电化学传感器在各大领域备受瞩目。本文介绍了光电化学传感器的基本原理、特点、分类及其应用,并对有代表性的研究和发展前景做了总结和评述。     

光电化学型半导体生物传感器

光电化学型半导体生物传感器是一种利用半导体的光电特性来检测与光生电流或光生电压相关的待测物质浓度及生化过程参数的分析新技术。随着新兴半导体功能材料及相关加工技术的不断涌现,光电化学型半导体生物传感器已在微型化、集成化、多点及多参数测量方面显现出优势、有望在复杂体系中实现在线高灵敏、快速测定,在生物、医药、环境监测、食品等领域显示出广阔的应用前景。本文主要介绍了光电化学型半导体传感器的基本原理、特点及近几年的研究进展,并对其发展前景做了展望。     

光电化学传感器的构建及应用

光电化学分析是基于光电化学过程和化学/生物识别过程建立起来的一种新的分析方法。该方法以光作为激发信号,以光电流作为检测信号,具有灵敏度高、响应快速、设备简单和易微型化等优点,在生物和环境等分析领域受到了广泛关注。电极表面修饰的光电层在吸收光子后被激发,所产生的载流子发生电荷分离和电子迁移,进而产生光电流。通过在光电层上进一步修饰传感识别单元,利用直接氧化还原、分子识别与结合、酶催化等方法所导致的光电流的变化与待测分子之间的数量关系,可实现对目标物的定量分析。因此,光电化学传感器在功能结构上包括光电转换单元和传感识别单元两部分,光电层的材料选择和传感识别策略是光电化学传感器构建的两大关键点。本文在对光电化学传感器基本原理及应用领域总结的基础上,对光电化学传感器的材料选择和传感模式进行了分析和综述。     

光电化学传感材料的制备及应用进展

光电化学传感材料是光电化学传感器的核心功能材料,其结构性质决定了光电化学传感器的分析性能和应用范围。本文介绍了常用光电化学传感材料的制备方法及应用领域,综述了近年来该领域的研究进展并对光电化学传感材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

光电化学传感器的研究进展

光电化学传感器是基于物质的光电转换特性确定待测物浓度的一类检测装置．光电化学检测方法灵敏度高、设备简单、易于微型化,已经成为一种极具应用潜力的分析方法．本文主要介绍光电化学传感器的基本原理、特点、分类,并对有代表性的研究和发展前景做了总结和评述．     

酞菁与光泽精共敏化ZnO纳米电极

纳米ZnO因其具有宽禁带(3.37ev),良好的生物适应性及电化学性质,在紫外激光器、单电子晶体管、发光二极管、光电探测器和化学传感器等领域得到广泛应用.同时,一维纳米ZnO具有高的等电点(IEP,9.5),容易与低等电点如生物大分子等通过静电作用相结合,有望作为一种光电化学传感介质.     

光电化学在有机合成中的应用

近年来，光电化学技术逐渐发展为有效的有机合成手段。光化学高效的催化性能与电化学反热力学直觉特性的结合大大简化了某些有机合成路线。本文介绍了当前与光电化学相关的部分有机反应，总结了在光电化学中广泛应用的若干染料敏化催化剂，并展望了光电化学未来的应用前景。     

低背景信号的高级生物分析方法：光电化学生物分析

光电化学传感是近年来兴起并发展迅速的一种生物分析技术,其检测的主要原理是生物识别原件识别靶标物质而引起光电活性材料的光电性能变化,最终导致光电流值发生变化,从而达到检测的目的。由于光电化学生物分析中输入信号是光,输出信号是电,这赋予了此种检测方法背景信号低、灵敏度高的天然优势,这种优势所展现出来的潜力使光电化学分析在检测领域受到了越来越多的关注。本文介绍了光电化学生物传感的基本原理、光电活性材料的分类以及光电化学生物传感的传感模式,最后对其未来的发展进行了展望。     

无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研究进展

随着各种新型材料的层出不穷及其在葡萄糖电化学传感器方面应用的发展,无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研制成为葡萄糖电化学传感器的另一个研究热点.本文综述了近年来无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器的研究进展,重点介绍了电流型无酶葡萄糖传感器所使用的各种电极材料,总结了最近五年各种新型结构材料在该类传感器研制方面的应用,并对无酶葡萄糖电化学传感器发展方向和趋势进行了展望.     

高效液相色谱法测定氨基酸的研究进展

氨基酸是构成生物体的基础物质,氨基酸分析是生命科学研究中最重要的领域之一。高效液相色谱法因分析速度快、操作简便、检测灵敏、适用范围广等优点而广泛应用于食品工业、制药工业、生命科学研究等领域。该文综述了高效液相色谱分析氨基酸的方法,包括柱后衍生法、柱前衍生法、高效阴离子交换色谱-积分脉冲安培检测法和高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法。并对上述方法进行了比较,为日常的氨基酸分析提供了参考。     

Selectivity coefficients for amperometric sensors

Selectivity coefficients (k(amp)(ij)) are introduced as well-defined measures of the selectivity of amperometric sensors. For any amperometric device the total current response in the presence of interfering species (j) can be described by the general equation; i(t) = K(C(i) + Sigmak(amp)(ij)C(j)), where i is the target analyte. Equations are derived for k(amp)(ij) under different conditions common in amperometric sensing. Factors influencing the selectivity coefficients of amperometric probes, including the recognition and transduction mechanisms, the controlled-potential operating technique, and the transducer geometry are discussed. The selectivity coefficient strategy is illustrated experimentally with two widely used applications of amperometric devices, the anodic monitoring of dopamine at Nafion-coated electrodes and the biosensing of glucose at glucose-oxidase enzyme probes. It is anticipated that the selectivity coefficient strategy will become widespread in amperometric devices, and for chemical sensors in general, and will not be limited only to potentiometric probes.     

Amperometric Electronic Tongue for the Evaluation of the Tea Astringency

A new multi‐flow‐through amperometric detectors design was employed as a sensors array system for the detection of flavor related phenols. Relevant parameters of the amperometric detection were examined and optimized. The multivariate analytical signal was processed with chemometric analysis for exploring and classifying the tea beverages. Multivariate regression was used to correlate the astringency value of several tea beverages, obtained by the UNI (Italian Organization for Standardization) sensory profile test, with the signals collected by this amperometric electronic tongue.     

Application of MXene in Electrochemical Sensors: A Review

Electroanalysis has obtained considerable progress over the past few years, especially in the field of electrochemical sensors. Broadly speaking, electrochemical sensors include not only conventional electrochemical biosensors or non-biosensors, but also emerging electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensors and photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors which are both combined with optical methods. In addition, various electrochemical sensing devices have been developed for practical purposes, such as multiplexed simultaneous detection of disease-related biomarkers and non-invasive body fluid monitoring. For the further performance improvement of electrochemical sensors, material is crucial. Recent years, a kind of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterial MXene containing transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, with unique structural, mechanical, electronic, optical, and thermal properties, have attracted a lot of attention form analytical chemists, and widely applied in electrochemical sensors. Here, we reviewed electrochemical sensors based on MXene from Nov. 2014 (when the first work about electrochemical sensor based on MXene published) to Mar. 2021, dividing them into different types as electrochemical biosensors, electrochemical non-biosensors, electrochemiluminescence sensors, photoelectrochemical sensors and flexible sensors. We believe this review will be of help to those who want to design or develop electrochemical sensors based on MXene, hoping new inspirations could be sparked.     

Ferrocenyl and permethylferrocenyl cyclic and polyhedral siloxane polymers as mediators in amperometric biosensors

Cyclosiloxane and silsesquioxane-based ferrocenyl and permethylferrocenyl polymers have been used as mediators in amperometric enzyme electrodes for the detection of glucose. Biosensors have been prepared by electrostatically immobilizing the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) on electrodes modified with the polymers. The steady-state amperometric response of the sensors is investigated as a function of the applied potential and substrate concentration. The dependence of the sensors response on the structure of the siloxane-framework and on the presence or not of methyl groups on the ferrocenyl units is discussed.     

毛细管电泳安培检测法在中草药分析中的应用

由于毛细管电泳安培检测法(CE-AD)具有高的分离效率和低的检测限的优势,现已在分析科学的各个领域,特别是在药物行业中得到广泛应用。中草药的研究在我国医药事业中占有重要的地位,采用CE-AD分离并检测中草药中有效成分对于促进中草药的药理药效研究及中草药的定量分析和质量监测等有重要意义。本文综述了CE-AD在中草药及中药复方制剂中有效成分分析中的应用,评述了该法与其他分离分析方法相比在中草药分析中的优越性,并对CE-AD在中草药分析中的发展进行了展望。     

Portable instrument for electrochemical gas sensing

The instrument features up to four individual sensors, which may be used in the amperometric or voltammetric mode. A small pump is employed in order to make use of the enhanced sensitivity obtained with active transport of the sample gas to the sensor membranes. A Pt/air system serves as reference electrode. For the amperometric detection of acetaldehyde, as an example, a detection limit of 12 ppb was obtained. Several approaches to optimize selectivity and sensitivity are demonstrated on the portable, battery powered instrument. These include the use of a preconcentration trap for acetaldehyde and of chemical filters for the elimination of the interference of ozone on the measurement of NO, as well as voltammetric and concurrent measurements from two sensors in order to determine both NO and SO₂ in mixtures.     

Functional cellular assays with multiparametric silicon sensor chips

Multiparametric silicon sensor chips mounted into biocompatible cell culture units have been used for investigations on cellular microphysiological patterns. Potentiometric, amperometric and impedimetric microsensors are combined on a common cell culture surface on the chip with an area of approximately 29 mm2. Extracellular acidification rates (with pH-sensitive field effect transistors, ISFETs), cellular oxygen consumption rates (with amperometric electrode structures) and cell morphological alterations (with impedimetric electrode structures, IDES) are monitored on single chips simultaneously for up to several days. The corresponding test device accommodates six of such sensor chips in parallel, provides electronic circuitry and maintains the required cell culture conditions (temperature, fluid perfusion system). Sensor data are transformed into quantitative information about microphysiologic conditions. The outcome of this transformation as well as reliability and sensitivity in detection of drug effects is discussed. This is the first report on multiparametric cell based assays with data obtained solely with integrated sensors on silicon chips. Those assays are required in different fields of application such as pharmaceutical drug screening, tumor chemosensitivity tests and environmental monitoring.     

Ratiometric electrochemical,electrochemiluminescent, and photoelectrochemical strategies for environmental contaminant detection

Global environmental pollution issue has boosted the development of novel analytical techniques with high efficiency and accuracy for detection of hazardous contaminants. Strategies based on electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent, or photoelectrochemical analysis are among the promising detection approaches to provide rapid and sensitive analysis. Currently, combining ratiometric assay with such strategies can further promote their sensing reliability and reproducibility in complex conditions. This review highlights recent advances of ratiometric electrochemical, electrochemiluminescent, and photoelectrochemical sensors in the past 2 years. Their signal generation strategies and analysis applications, particularly for the environmental contaminant detection, are discussed in detail, and a future prospect in this area from us is also provided.