黄原酯棉纤维柱分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定大米中的镉和铅量

采用黄原酯棉柱分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定大米中的镉和铅的含量。大米样品采用硝酸-高氯酸(4+1)混合酸消解,以5mL·min-1流量经黄原酯棉柱吸附分离后,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法进行测定。镉和铅的质量浓度均在一定的范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,镉和铅的检出限(3s/k)依次为0.85,4.5μg·kg-1。对5μg·L-1的镉、铅混合标准溶液连续测定11次,两者测定值的相对标准偏差依次为1.5%,2.3%。方法用于大米样品分析,加标回收率在94.0%~105%之间。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定食品添加剂碳酸钙中的砷和汞

应用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定食品添加剂碳酸钙中的砷和汞,并对样品中的主要成份及共存元素可能对检验结果的影响和实验条件进行了研究.结果表明,加入硫脲-抗坏血酸溶液后,碳酸钙中主要成份钙及可能存在的共存元素铁、铅、镉、铜、锑、硒、锡、铬、锌等不干扰砷和汞的测定.方法检出限为砷0.0124 μg/L,汞0.0009μg/L,回收率为砷101.8%～102.2%,汞102.5%～106.0%.精密度为砷0.37%,汞0.95%.建立的氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定食品添加剂碳酸钙中砷和汞的分析方法能满足日常检验的要求.     

HG-AFS 法测定多金属矿中的痕量锡

研究了酒石酸介质中氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法 ( HG- AFS)测定多金属矿中痕量锡的方法 ,考察了不同酸介质和浓度对氢化物发生效率的影响 ,试验了共存元素的干扰情况。方法的检出限为 1 .4× 1 0 - 10 g/ m L,精密度 ( n=5)为3.71 %～ 5.38%。     

氢化物发生原子荧光法测定生活饮用水中的痕量锑、锡

目的研究用氢化物发生原子荧光法测定生活饮用水中的锑、锡。方法以KBH4-Na OH为还原剂,在一定的酸度条件下,用氢化物发生原子荧光法对水中锑、锡的含量进行了测定。结果标准曲线的相关系数r均大于0.999,RSD分别为2.1%和3.2%,加标回收率在99.8%~102.8%之间。结论该法具有操作简便、快速、灵敏度高、干扰少等优点,适用于生活饮用水中锑,锡含量的测定。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定特硬铅合金中硒和碲

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定特硬铅合金中硒和碲的分析方法。试样经硝酸和酒石酸溶解,硫酸沉淀分离基体铅元素。移取部分试液,在40%盐酸介质中直接用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定样品中的硒;另移取部分试液,加入氢溴酸挥发除去砷、锑、锡、硒等元素,在40%盐酸介质中用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS)测定样品中的碲。考察了测定的最佳条件、铅及共存元素对测定的影响。测定硒和碲的相对标准偏差分别为7.5%～9.3%和3.6%～13.0%,加标回收率分别为88%～92%和98%～102%。准确度和精密度均能满足分析需要,具有较强的实用性。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定牡蛎中的镉

利用HNO3–HClO4混合酸消解样品,采用氢化物发生–原子荧光光谱法测定牡蛎中镉的含量。在优化的仪器工作条件下,镉的质量浓度在0.20～1.50μg/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.9992,检出限为0.10μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为4.48%(n=12),加标回收率为94.3%～106.1%。测定了标准物质贻贝GB 08571中镉的含量,测定结果与标准值一致。该方法可满足牡蛎中微量镉的分析测定。     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定钨钼矿石中锡

建立了氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法(HC-AFS)测定钨钼矿中锡的测定方法.采用过氧化钠熔解样品,以20 g/L KBH4作还原剂,100 g/L酒石酸为载流,并讨论了不同工作条件对氢化物发生效率的影响,试验了共存元素的干扰情况.方法的检出限为0.05μg/L,精密度(=12)为2.4%～7.2%.     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定头发中的镉

采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定了头发中微量镉。样品用硝酸-高氯酸消化,用30 g/L的硼氢化钾作还原剂,在0.11 mol/L的硫酸介质中测定,方法的检出限为0.08 ng/mL,方法的精密度为1.21%,回收率为96%~110%。     

磁性碳纳米管固相萃取-原子荧光光谱法测定水中痕量镉

建立了检测水中痕量镉的磁性固相萃取-原子荧光光谱法。制备磁性碳纳米管,以其作为固相萃取吸附剂用来萃取和富集水中的痕量镉,采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法进行检测。在最佳条件下,镉在0.05~5.0μg·L-1范围内呈线性,检出限(3σ)为1.6 ng·L-1。加标回收率在97.1%~101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差在1.6%~4.8%之间。方法用于分析标准物质,测定值与认定值相符。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法间接测定痕量碘的研究

提出了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法间接测定痕量碘的新方法,在弱酸性介质中,以Ⅰ--[Cd(Phen)3]2 -硝基苯为萃取体系,经0.24 mol/L的HCl反萃取后,用原子荧光光谱法测定镉量,从而间接测定碘.方法的线性范围为0～20 μg/L;相对标准偏差为8.5%;检出限为0.8 μg/L;回收率为74.63%～90.80%.方法已用于测定自来水中的碘量.     

顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定中草药中的铅和锡

建立了一种顺序注射氢化物发生一原子荧光光谱法同时测定中草药中的铅和锡含量的方法,同时讨论了共存离子的干扰情况。结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,铅和锡的检出限分别为0．0253μg／L和0．0425μg／L,加标回收率为95．5％～103．1％,相对标准偏差小于5．2％,被测试样中共存的离子对铅和锡的测定没有干扰。该法操作方便、快速,用于中草药试样中铅和锡的同时测定,具有很好的可行性和实用性。     

Determination of tin in steels by non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometry coupled with flow-injection hydride generation in the presence of L-cysteine

Flow-injection hydride generation has been coupled with a non-dispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometer for the determination of trace concentrations of tin. The use of L-cysteine in stannane generation enhances the atomic fluorescence signal for tin. In addition, it appears that the flow-injection method allows the use of a wider range of acid concentrations, and hence interference from transition elements is also reduced. An absolute detection limit of 1.3 ng was achieved with a 0.5 ml sample. Ten determinations of a solution containing 100 ng ml⁻¹ of tin(H) generated a relative standard deviation of 1.8%. The linear dynamic range of the calibration curve extended over three orders of magnitude and sample throughput rate was 144 samples h⁻¹. Application of the proposed technique is demonstrated by the determination of tin in low alloy steel standard reference materials.     

氢化物发生–原子荧光法测定地下水中的镉

建立用氢化物发生–原子荧光法测定地下水中镉的方法。探讨了还原剂硼氢化钾用量及地下水中共存元素干扰对镉测定结果的影响,优化了仪器工作条件。优化的实验条件:介质为2%的盐酸溶液;还原剂为2%的硼氢化钾溶液;载气为氩气,流量为510 mL/min;主阴极灯电流为60 mA。镉的质量浓度在0~10μg/L范围内与荧光强度的峰面积呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.999 2,检出限为0.03μg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.24%~6.07%(n=7),加标回收率为90.1%~103.0%。该方法具有较高的灵敏度、精密度和准确度,可用于地下水中镉的测定。     

湖泊沉积物中镉的测定及环境意义研究

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定湖泊沉积物中镉的分析方法.优化了沉积物中镉的提取条件和测定条件,研究了Cu元素对测定镉的干扰及消除方法.以武汉市涨渡湖为例,通过对总镉和有效态镉的测定揭示了涨渡湖近百年来镉的各形态垂直分布特征.结果表明:自上世纪50年代以来,涨渡湖沉积物中的总镉由深层到表层呈上升趋势,有效态镉变化不大但其含量维持在较高水平.镉的潜在风险性较大.     

Simultaneous determination of arsenic, antimony, selenium and tin by gas phase molecular absorption spectrometry after two step hydride generation and preconcentration in a cold trap system

A cold trap system for the simultaneous determination of arsenic, antimony, selenium and tin by continuous hydride generation and gas phase molecular absorption spectrometry is described. The hydride generation is carried out in two steps; first, tin hydride is generated at low acidity and second, arsenic, antimony and selenium hydrides are formed at higher acidity. All the hydrides are collected in a liquid nitrogen cryogenic trap and transported to the flow cell of a diode array spectrophotometer, where molecular absorption spectra are obtained in the 190-250 nm range. Five calibration solutions containing arsenic, antimony, selenium and tin are solved using multiple linear regression analysis. Tests are performed in order to extend the same manifold to other hydrides but no signals are obtained for bismuth, cadmium, lead, tellurium and germanium. Under the optimum conditions found and using the wavelengths of maximum sensitivity (190, 198, 220 and 194 nm), the analytical characteristics of each element are calculated. The detection limits are 0.050, 0.020, 0.12 and 1.1 mug ml(-1) and the RSD values are 3.7, 3.1, 3.5 and 3.0% for As, Sb, Se and Sn, respectively. The method is applied to As, Sb, Se and Sn determination in natural spiked water samples.     

Ultratrace determination of tin by hydride generation in-atomizer trapping atomic absorption spectrometry

A quartz multiatomizer with its inlet arm modified to serve as a trap (trap-and-atomizer device) was employed to trap tin hydride and subsequently to volatilize collected analyte species with atomic absorption spectrometric detection. Generation, atomization and preconcentration conditions were optimized and analytical figures of merit of both on-line atomization as well as preconcentration modes were quantified. Preconcentration efficiency of 95 ± 5% was found. The detection limits reached were 0.029 and 0.14 ng mL⁻¹ Sn, respectively, for 120 s preconcentration period and on-line atomization mode without any preconcentration. The interference extent of other hydride forming elements (As, Se, Sb and Bi) on tin determination was found negligible in both modes of operation. The applicability of the developed preconcentration method was verified by Sn determination in a certified reference material as well as by analysis of real samples.     

氢化物发生—光度分析法连续测定砷锡

锗、砷、锡、锑等性质相近元素在用普通分光光度法测定时,存在着选择性差的问题,为实际分析及连续测定造成了困难。共价氢化物发生-银溶胶光度分析体系的建立和发展,基本解决了此类元素的选择性问题,也为同时或连续测定创造了条件。本文在原工作的基础上,借助于AsH_3和SnH_4在形成酸度上的差异,在高酸度(3.0mol/L HCI)溶液中使砷离子转变为AsH_3逸出分析后,再调节至微酸性(pH 4.5,CH_3COOH-CH_3COONa)产生SnH_4,而显色测定,     

Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric determination of ultra-trace amounts of tin by in situ preconcentration in a graphite tube using flow injection hydride generation with on-line ion-exchange separation

A method was developed for the ultra-trace determination of tin by in situ preconcentration in a graphite tube using a flow injection hydride generation technique with on-line ion-exchange separation. The sample was prepared in 2M hydrochloric acid before being passed through an incorporated micro-column packed with a strongly basic anion-exchanger D-201. The tin was retained as its chlorostannate complex and subsequently eluted by de-ionized water into the hydride generation system. The hydride and hydrogen gases evolved were separated from the liquid phase in a gas-liquid separator and transferred into a palladium-coated graphite tube pre-heated to 300 degrees C to collect the analyte, which was later atomized at 2300 degrees C. With the reported system, tin was determined at a sampling frequency of 30/hr with a detection limit (3sigma) of 0.01 mug/l. using 10.7 ml sample. The precision was 1.5% RSD at the 0.5 mug/l. level. The proposed method was applied to the determination of tin in tap water, hair, serum samples and geological reference samples.     

分光光度法测定钨矿中微量钨

提出了一种测定钨矿中微量钨的分光光度法。该法摩尔吸光系数ε为9.6× 1 0 4 L· mol-1· cm-1,相对标准偏差 <2 % ,加标回收率为 95%～ 1 0 4 %。WO3 含量在 0～ 30 μg/50 m L 范围内满足比尔定律     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定锡矿岩芯样品中锡的含量

建立氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定锡矿岩芯样品中锡的分析方法。试样以过氧化钠熔解,用热水浸出,盐酸酸化。优化了仪器的最佳条件,考察了硼氢化钾浓度、酸度、共存元素等条件对测定的影响。方法相对标准偏差为2.52 %～7.28 %,加标回收率95.20 %～102.25 %。将实验方法应用于标准物质的测定,测定值与认定值基本一致。方法的准确度和精密度均能满足分析需要,具有较强的实用性。