Furocoumarins ofKomarovia anisospermum

Summary Three furocoumarins have been isolated from the roots ofKomarovia anisospermum Korov.: isoimperatorin, phellopterin, and 8-geranyloxy-5-methoxypsoralen. This is the first time that the last-mentioned of these substances has been isolated in the pure state.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Moscow State University. Botanical Garden, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 166–169, March–April, 1976.     

An investigation and identification of polysaccharides isolated from archeological specimens

Summary Polymeric compounds have been isolated from archeological specimens (fragments of Central Asian paintings of the 2nd-19th centuries). A comparison of their IR spectra with the spectra of plant gums has shown that they are polysaccharides which have remained undestroyed for up to 1800 yr. In some cases it has been possible from the IR spectra and composition of the extracted polysaccharides to provisionally identify sourcherry or apricot gum, of which these polysaccharides were components.All-Union Central Scientific-Research Laboratory for Conservation and Restoration, Moscow. M. M. Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 15–19, January–February, 1976.     

Xanthones from the roots ofSwertia iberica

From the roots ofSwertia iberica, together with the previously known swertiaperennin decussatin, gentiakochianin, and norswertianin, we have isolated two new xanthones — isogentiakochianin and swertiaiberin. On the basis of UV, IR, PMR, and mass spectroscopy, the structure of 1,3,8-trihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone is proposed for isogentiakochianin, and that of 1,2,3-trihydroxy-7,8-dimethoxyanthone for swertiaiberin.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 190–195, March–April, 1980.     

Nature of the transformations of oleanolic acid in an acid medium

3-Trifluoroacetoxyoleanolic acid and 3-trifluoroacetoxyolean-13(18)-en-28-oic acid have been isolated from the mixture of the products of the transformation of oleanolic acid in a trifluoroacetic acid medium, and their structures have been established with the aid of IR, PMR and mass spectra. The formation of these products indicates an unambiguous route of the stabilization of the intermediate carbocation with the charge on the C-13 atom. The hydroxy group at C-3 is esterified by the trifluoroacetic acid.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 320–323, May–June, 1986.     

Flavanones ofTanacetum sibiricum

Six flavanones have been isolated for the first time from Siberian tansy, and two of them have proved to be new compounds.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 721–728, November–December, 1981.     

Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the α-linolenic series from insulin production wastes

The following polyenic acids has been isolated from insulin production waste and have been determined quantitatively: eicosa-5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-pentaenoic, docosa-7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-pentaenoic, and docosa-4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z-hexaenoic acids. They were identified by PMR and¹³C NMR.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of the Technology of Blood Substitutes and Hormone Preparations, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 205–212, March–April, 1987.     

A study of the sex pheromone ofTortrix viridana

cis-Tetradec-ll-en-l-ol acetate has been isolated from an extract of the sex pheromone of the green oak tortrixTortrix viridana L., and has proved to be attractive under sexual conditions for the males of this species.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Biological Methods of Plant Protection, Kishinev, Moldles Moldavian Forestry Scientific-Production Amalgamation, Bendery, and All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Chemical Means of Plant Protection, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 645–649, September–October, 1981.     

Oxidation of fusidic acid

Summary 11-Oxofusidic acid — a previously unknown keto derivative of the antibiotic — has been isolated from the products of the oxidation of fusidic acid by chromium trioxide.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Antibiotics, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 66–69, January–February, 1979.     

A new plant growth regulator of microbial origin

A new plant growth regulator — an inhibitor of the germination of mustard seeds — has been isolated from a culture filtrate of a phytopathogenic fungus of the genusPhoma. The methyl and trimethylsilyl derivatives of this compound have been obtained. Its empirical formula — C₁₆H₂₂O₅ — has been determined. On the basis of the results of IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, the compound isolated has been assigned the structure of 3,5-dihydroxy-2-octanoylphenylacetic acid.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Applied Molecular Biology and Genetics. V. I. Lenin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii No. 3, pp. 387–391, May–June, 1985.     

Isolation and purification of alkaloids

A literature review is given of methods of isolating and purifying alkaloids. Material is collected on the influence of the nature of the solvent on the isolation of alkaloids and on the interaction of alkaloids with acids and alkalis.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 415–429, July–August, 1983.     

Use of trimetylsilyl protection in the synthesis of oxytocin fragments

The possibility has been studied of obtaining silyl derivatives of amino acids forming components of oxytocin and of obtaining the corresponding peptides from them by the mixed-anhydride method.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of the Technology of Blood Substitutes and Hormone Preparations, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 111–114, January–February, 1993.     

Secondary metabolites of Pyricularia oryzae II. Polyketide metabolites

A number of exometabolites have been isolated from the deuteromycetePyricularia oryzae Cav., of which harman and O-demethyldiaporthin have been isolated from this species for the first time. The latter is the first example of a hexaketide from fungi of the genusPyricularia, for which only penta- and heptaketides have previously been described.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 471–475, July–August, 1991.     

Phenylpropanoids of a callus culture of Rhodiola rosea

Using 11 phenylpropanoids isolated from the biomass of a callus culture of roseroot stonecrop, the component compositions in the biomasses of callus and suspension cultures have been studied and their triandrin contents have been determined by the HPLC method.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Scientific Production Combine, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 481–490, July–August, 1991.     

Configuration of stereoisomers of naringenin 5-glucoside present in flamin

The configurations of the C-2 chiral centers of the stereoisomers of naringenin 5-glucoside isolated from flamin by HPLC have been established by the method of circular dichroism. One of the stereoisomers is (–)-2S-naringenin 5-glucoside and the other has been characterized as a molecular compound containing the 5-glucosides of (+)-2R- and (–)-2S-naringenins in a ratio of 2:1.1st I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Institute. M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Drug Chemistry and Technology, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 185–188, March–April, 1989.     

The sesquiterpene lactones ofStizolophus balsamita

Summary From the epigeal part ofStizolophus balsamita (Lam.) Cass. ex Takht. a new sesquiterpene lactone balsamin has been isolated with the composition C₂₀H₂₆O₆, mp 242–244°C (from ethanol), [] _D ¹⁷ –45.70° (c 1.9; chloroform). Do the basis of the basis of the IR, UV, and PMR spectra of balsamin and its acetate, a stereochemical structure has been proposed for balsamin, and the structures of stizolin and stizolicin isolated previously from the same plant have also been supplemented by stereochemistry.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 467–472, July–August, 1976.     

Phenolic lipid from Azotobacter chroococcum

Summary From the total cell lipids of the nitrogen-fixing bacteriumAzotobacter chroococcum 92 a previously unknown lipid has been isolated which has been identified as a 1-alkyl-3,5-dihydroxybenzene. The alkyl chains of the main components of the lipid fraction have a normal structure and contain 19 and 21 carbon atoms.M. M. Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, USSR, Moscow, All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Microbiological Agents for Plant Protection and Bacterial Preparations, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 494–499, July–August, 1977.     

Preparation of hydrazides of amino acids and peptides

A new method of synthesizing hydrazides of amino acids and peptides is considered which involves the hydrazinolysis of the silyl esters of the corresponding compounds. A number of hydrazides of derivatives of amino acids and peptides has been obtained in high purity with yields close to quantitative. The physicochemical characteristics of the compounds synthesized are given.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of the Technology of Blood Substitutes and Hormones Preparations, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 684–686, September–October, 1979.     

Esters fromFerula stylosa

From the total extractive substances of the roots ofFerula stylosa two esters have been isolated: chimganin and a new one — stylosin. The structure of stylosin is suggested as the ester of 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid and the monoterpene alcohol fenchol.Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku, and All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants, Moscow. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 789–791, November–December, 1980.