TiO2催化超声降解亚甲基蓝溶液

采用高温活化处理过的普通锐钛型TiO2为催化剂,研究了各种因素对亚甲基蓝超声降解反应的影响.结果表明:在普通锐钛型TiO2作用下,亚甲基蓝的超声降解效果明显优于单纯超声降解.降解动力学符合一级反应.在超声波频率 40kHz,输出功率 50W,催化剂用量 1. 0g/L,pH为 5. 16, 40℃,亚甲基蓝水溶液初始浓度 5mg/L的条件下, 120min左右降解率即可达到 80 %以上.     

对甲基苯磺酸废水光催化氧化处理的正交试验研究(英文)

在TiO2悬浮体系下,采用对甲基苯磺酸模拟废水进行半导体光催化氧化降解静态试验;利用正交试验研究了光催化氧化降解的主要影响因素(pH值、催化剂用量、光照强度、光照时间).结果表明:在一定条件下,催化剂投加量、溶液pH、照射光强度及光照时间均存在一个最佳值;依据其影响对甲基苯磺酸废水光催化降解反应的大小,各因素排列顺序为:光照时间(光照强度(初始pH(催化剂用量.在试验最佳条件下(pH=3,催化剂用量80 mg.L-1,光照强度500 W,光照时间120 min),对甲基苯磺酸能够完全降解.     

声化学降解染料结晶紫的研究

采用频率为20 kHz的超声波降解阳离子染料结晶紫(CV)溶液,考察了溶液初始浓度、pH值、声能强度、时间、温度等因素对染料声化学降解过程的影响.实验结果表明,溶液初始浓度为30 mg/L、pH=8.0、声强=47.5 W/cm2、超声辐照50 m in,CV的脱色率达97.8%;CV的超声降解过程以高温热解反应为主,服从动力学一级反应;当超声/H2O2、超声/镁联合作用时,二者产生协同效应,溶液中产生大量OH自由基,强化了CV的声化学脱色和降解过程.     

超声协同TiO_2光催化脱除燃料油中有机硫的研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米TiO2光催化剂,引入超声作用,以空气中的氧气为氧化剂,正辛烷为模拟油品对燃料油中硫化物的脱除进行了研究。考察了光照强度、催化剂用量、反应时间、二苯并噻吩(DBT)初始浓度、超声功率等因素对TiO2光催化二苯并噻吩溶液降解效率的影响。结果表明,引入超声后DBT的降解率提高了10%左右,并在TiO2用量为2 g/L,通气量为800 mL/min,光照距离20 cm,DBT初始浓度为600 mg/L,反应时间为150 min,超声功率为500 W的条件下,DBT降解率达到了72.6%。     

污水处理时微弧放电催化过程中多能场的协同效应

 以Ti为阳极研究了微弧放电对污水的处理效果,发现放电条件下对甲基橙的脱色效果显著. 在H3PO4电解液(0.3 mol/L)中,峰值电压为550 V、 脉冲频率为300 Hz、 占空比为1/180、 阳极电极面积为25 mm×50 mm条件下, 60 min内甲基橙溶液(600 ml, 20 mg/L)的脱色率可达94%. XRD结果显示,放电中Ti阳极上形成的陶瓷层为锐钛矿型TiO2. 光谱结果表明,电极表面微弧的波长为300～350 nm. 这说明该放电体系中存在光催化、电催化和类似超声的冲击波催化的反应条件. 以Ti阳极陶瓷层为催化剂进行的对照实验表明,单独进行光催化、电催化和声催化反应对甲基橙溶液的脱色效果不明显. 通过机理分析认为, Ti阳极上的微弧放电是以等离子体催化为主要作用方式,并在放电环境中形成多能场的协同作用,实现对有机物降解.     

Fe-Ni 共掺杂 ZnO 的制备及其光催化降解甲基橙活性

 采用溶液法制备了 Fe-Ni 共掺杂 ZnO 光催化剂, 并运用 X 射线衍射、扫描电镜和原子发射光谱等对催化剂进行了表征. 以甲基橙 (MO) 为模型污染物, 评价了样品的光催化活性, 考察了甲基橙初始浓度及其 pH 值, 以及催化剂用量等对光催化反应性能的影响. 结果表明, Fe-Ni 共掺杂降低了 ZnO 的结晶度, 并促进了晶粒的长大. 光催化降解反应表明, Fe-Ni 共掺杂显著提高了 ZnO 光催化降解甲基橙的活性, 当催化剂用量为 0.6 g/L, 经 120 min 紫外光照射时, 可使甲基橙溶液 (10 mg/L) 降解率达到 93.5%. 关键词：铁; 镍; 共掺杂; 氧化锌; 光催化; 甲基橙; 降解     

SiO2掺杂TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙溶液

采用实验室合成的SiO2掺杂TiO2作为催化剂,以甲基橙超声降解反应为模型,研究了各种因素对SiO2掺杂TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙的影响.结果表明在SiO2掺杂TiO2催化剂作用下超声降解甲基橙的效果明显优于非掺杂的锐钛矿型TiO2的催化效果.SiO2掺杂TiO2催化剂用量在0.5～1.0g/L之间,超声波频率25kHz,输出功率1.0W/cm2,pH为1.0～3.0时,在甲基橙水溶液初始浓度20mg/L的条件下,80min,降解率达到了98%以上,COD的去除率也达到了99.0%.因此,SiO2掺杂TiO2催化超声降解有机污染物的方法具有很好的应用前景.     

TiO2催化超声降解甲基橙溶液

采用经过处理后工业生产的TiO2作为催化剂,以超声降解甲基橙反应为模型,研究了各种因素对。TiO2催化超声降解的影响。研究表明,在TiO2催化剂作用下超声降解甲基橙的效果明显。TiO2催化剂用量在0．3～0．5g／L之间,超声波频率25kHz,输出功率1．0W／cm^2,pH=1．0时,甲基橙水溶液初始浓度为20mg／L的条件下,90min左右基本可全部降解,COD的去除率达到99．0％。     

磁性光催化剂BiVO_4/Fe_3O_4降解亚甲基蓝的研究

本文用超声法将磁基体Fe3O4与BiVO4复合,制备了易于固液分离的磁性可见光催化剂BiVO4/Fe3O4,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对样品的结构和形貌进行表征。以亚甲基蓝为降解对象,考察了BiVO4/Fe3O4的可见光催化活性,并研究了光催化体系中光催化剂用量、亚甲基蓝初始浓度、溶液的pH值、电子受体的存在对光催化过程的影响。结果表明,催化剂的最佳用量为2.0g/L,亚甲基蓝最佳初始浓度为10mg/L,溶液的最佳pH值为11,加入电子受体K2S2O8时,亚甲基蓝几乎完全降解。催化剂回收后连续使用3次,降解率仍然大于80%。     

磷钨酸对甲基橙光催化降解的初步研究

在自制的光化学反应器中,以紫外灯为光源,以磷钨酸为光催化剂,研究了其对模拟甲基橙染料废水的光催化脱色降解的影响。实验结果表明,催化剂加入量、溶液初始浓度、不同光强度是影响催化降解效果的重要因素。最佳催化条件为20 mg/L的甲基橙溶液在紫外灯(16W)辐射下,光催化剂磷钨酸用量为1.5 g/L。     

超声波-二氧化钛光催化耦合法降解高效氯氰菊酯

采用超声波-TiO2光催化耦合法降解高效氯氰菊酯,考察了高效氯氰菊酯初始浓度、降解时间、溶液pH、催化剂用量等对高效氯氰菊酯农药残留的降解效果,并利用水果进行了实物模拟.结果表明:利用超声波-TiO2光催化耦合法能够有效地降解高效氯氰菊酯农药残留.在弱酸环境中,当纳米TiO2投放量为1.2g/L时,经2h超声催化降解,不同浓度的高效氯氰菊酯农药稀释液均被有效降解,降解率最高可达98.3%.     

CCl4 对左旋氧氟沙星超声降解的影响

研究了CCl4对超声降解喹诺酮类抗生素左旋氧氟沙星(Levofloxacin)的影响, 考察了CCl4添加量、 超声功率、 溶液初始pH值及左旋氧氟沙星初始浓度等影响因素, 并采用HPLC和LC-MS/MS对超声降解产物进行了初步分析. 结果表明, CCl4增强了左旋氧氟沙星的超声降解, 当反应液体积为50 mL, 超声35 min时, 随着CCl4体积分数的增大(0~0.06%), 左旋氧氟沙星的降解率由1.9%增至69.2%; 超声功率为100~200 W时, 降解率随着功率的升高而增大, 功率为200~400 W时降解率有所降低; pH值对左旋氧氟沙星的超声降解影响很大, pH =7.14时容易超声降解, pH过低或过高均导致降解率显著减小; CCl4的体积分数一定时, 左旋氧氟沙星的降解率随其初始浓度的增大而降低; 左旋氧氟沙星的降解率在33~49 ℃时最大. CCl4强化超声降解左旋氧氟沙星过程主要是由·OH和一系列氯自由基参与的反应. HPLC分析发现, 降解过程中同时生成了2个产物, 并通过LC-MS/MS对其进一步鉴定.     

Synergistic effect of sonolysis and photocatalysis in the degradation kinetics of effluent solution

In this study, degradation of the effluent solution using sonolysis, sonocatalysis, photocatalysis and sonophotocatalysis was investigated. For this purpose, an artificial effluent solution (AES) containing Acid Black 1 and Acid Blue 62 dyestuffs was prepared. The initial AES concentration, catalyst amount, light intensity and the power of ultrasound energy were chosen as the reaction parameters.The degradation rate of AES followed the pseudo-first order kinetics inconcentration of artificial effluent solution. The results showed that the sonophotocatalysis (US + UV + TiO₂) was more effective in the degradation than sonolysis (US), sonocatalysis (US + TiO2) and photocatalysis (UV + TiO₂) performed individually. The highest and lowest degradation rates were obtained in sonophotocatalytic process and sonolytic process (US), respectively. It was found also that the synergistic effect between sonolysis and photocatalysis processes is the main reason why the maximum degradation is achievable in the sonophotocatalytic process.     

以PEO为基质的离子及质子导电聚合物电解质

本文以PEO-LiClO₄为基质,在其中加入适量的纳米氧化锌及氧化锡,制备PEO-LiClO₄-ZnO及PEO-LiClO₄-SnO₂离子导电聚合物电解质膜,测定了复合电解质膜的电导率,并探讨了纳米粒子与PEO链的相互作用,提出复合电解质膜的电导率提高的主要影响因素。本文还合成以PEO为基质的PEO-12-钨硅酸质子导电聚合物电解质膜,讨论12-钨硅酸的加入对PEO的构型及Keggin离子的影响并分析PEO-12-钨硅     

超声-光催化降解水中有机污染物

超声-光催化是一项近年发展起来的废水处理的新型高级氧化技术。该技术利用超声的空化效应、自由基效应以及机械效应强化光催化的催化效能,实现超声和光催化对水中有机污染物的协同降解。本文从水中有机污染物的超声-光催化降解机理、降解动力学、影响因素（光催化剂类型和投加量、超声频率和强度、溶液pH值、温度、反应物初始浓度、溶解性气体和离子强度）和反应器类型（悬浮型、固定床型）4个方面介绍了相关研究进展,提出了目前存在的主要问题,并展望了超声-光催化降解水中有机污染物的发展方向。     

Decomposition of Organic Compounds in Coke Plant Wastewater by Ultrasonic Irradiation and Its Combined Process

The paper deals with the degradation of the organic compounds in the coke plant wastewater by the com-bined process of ultrasonic irradiation and activated sludge. The influence factors of the ultrasonic degrada-tion effect such as air atmosphere, initial concentration, ultrasonic power density and the category and con-sumption of catalyst were investigated. A water quality model was used to explain the degradation of differ-ent kinds of organic compounds in the coke plant wastewater by ultrasonic irradiation. After the wastewater was treated by the combined process of ultrasonic irradiation and activated sludge, the COD degradation effi-ciency was 95.74%, which is 63.49% higher than that by the process of activated sludge alone.     

Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) degradation by immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa under low intensity ultrasound

We studied the LAS degradation of immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa with low-intensity ultrasonic and the influence of original LAS concentration, pH, rotary velocity and different conditions of low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation on the degradation of LAS. In our experiment, the degradation rate of LAS was the main index. We found that low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation could improve the metabolism of microorganism cells and promote the LAS biodegradation of immobilized cells. In the experiment, 50 mg/l LAS were used to simulate wastewater, and low-intensity ultrasonic was considered. We found the influence was obvious, and the optimal degradation rate was acquired when the conditions of ultrasonic were frequency 24 kHz, power 8 W, stimulation time 5 s, intermissive time 30 s, and total time 10 min. The LAS degradation rate of immobilized cells with ultrasonic were respectively 40% and 9.5% higher than that of the suspending cells and immobilized cells without irradiation.     

Degrade naphthalene using cells immobilized combining with low-intensity ultrasonic technique

In this paper, we studied the naphthalene degradation by using Pseudomonas aeruginosa under low-intensity ultrasonic stimulation. In our experiment, the degradation rate of naphthalene was the main parameter. We found that low-intensity ultrasonic could not only promote the growth of immobilized P. aeruginosa, but also could improve the degradation of naphthalene. In this article, 1% naphthalene was added into MM culture medium as imitation wastewater. The effect of low-intensity ultrasonic parameter and gel-globes size were considered. We found the influence was obvious, and the optimum degradation rate was acquired when the parameters of ultrasonic are: frequency, 24 kHz; power, 8 W; ultrasonic time, interval time, 10 s; total time, 10 m and the gel-globes were made by using injector no. 14. The naphthalene degradation rate of immobilized cells with ultrasonic stimulation is 82%, which is 12.9 and 42.2% higher than that of immobilized cells and suspended cells without ultrasonic stimulation, respectively.     

超声水解法制备的纳米二氧化钛光催化性能的研究

锐钛矿型纳米二氧化钛因其优良的光催化性能在环境保护中得到广泛应用，以TiCl4为钛源，水解过程中施加超声辐照，室温条件下制得了5～6nm锐钛型TiO2．考察了施加超声、煅烧温度及粒径尺寸对甲酸降解率的影响．结果表明，催化剂制备过程中施加超声影响对催化剂的光催化性能影响显著：甲酸的降解率由68.57％提高到97．13％．用超声水解法制备的纳米二氧化钛能够在较宽的煅烧温度范围里(450～650℃)保持较高的光催化活性．随粒径的减小催化剂活性提高。当粒径小于20nm时，显示量子尺寸效应。