甘蔗渣纤维素的改性及应用进展

甘蔗渣纤维素是一种环保的绿色高分子材料、具有可再生性,对其进行高效改性应用范围越来越广泛。文章介绍了甘蔗渣纤维素的结构和性质,综述了化学改性甘蔗渣纤维素的研究进展,包括甘蔗渣纤维素醚类反应、酯类反应、接枝共聚物以及其均相改性方法。概述了改性甘蔗渣纤维素作为吸附剂、复合材料及其他功能材料研究应用现状,并展望了改性甘蔗渣的发展前景。     

功能化介孔材料在环境领域的应用研究进展

介孔材料是一种具有较大比表面积和高度有序孔道结构的材料,而功能化介孔材料是将介孔材料改性而使其具有不同的功能。这种材料由于具有极好的吸附和催化性能而被广泛应用于环境领域中。本文总结了功能化介孔材料的制备方法,包括引入官能团、掺杂金属和酸改性;探讨分析了几种制备方法下的功能化介孔材料的特点和应用前景;重点介绍了功能化介孔材料在吸附重金属、有机污染物、染料、CO2以及催化领域的研究进展;最后展望了未来功能化介孔材料的应用前景和发展趋势,以期为功能化介孔材料的发展提供参考和指明方向。     

石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的表面功能化改性

石墨烯和氧化石墨烯由于特殊的电子、光学、力学性能已成为当今科学研究的热点.重点综述了近年来石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的表面功能化改性研究进展.首先介绍了石墨烯、氧化石墨烯的基本结构与性质.然后将表面功能化分为非共价键结合改性、共价键结合改性和元素掺杂改性.非共价键结合的功能化改性分为四类：π-π键相互作用、氢键作用、离子键作用以及静电作用.共价键结合的功能化改性分为四类：碳骨架功能化、羟基功能化、羧基功能化和环氧基功能化.元素掺杂改性分为N、B、P等不同元素的掺杂功能化.总结了石墨烯、氧化石墨烯基体与改性分子的相互作用和反应类型,以及改性产物的性能与应用.最后对石墨烯和氧化石墨烯在表面功能化改性方面的发展前景作了展望和预测.     

淀粉基高分子材料的研究进展

概述了近5年国内外在淀粉的化学、物理改性及其作为一种材料使用方面取得的最新研究进展.淀粉的化学改性主要介绍了淀粉的酯化、醚化、氧化、交联、接枝共聚等,而物理改性主要介绍了淀粉分别与黏土、脂肪族聚酯、聚乙烯醇以及纤维素等天然大分子的共混改性,同时还介绍了通过酸化制备淀粉纳米晶.淀粉基材料除了用于制备可生物降解塑料、吸附材...     

表面光接枝原理,方法及应用前景

介绍了表面光接枝的原理,方法和应用前景,表面光接枝主要是用芳酮引发有机材料产生表面自由基,从而引发单体聚合生成表面接枝链。实施方法有气相法,液相法和连续液相法。表面光接枝应用领域广泛,可用于聚合材料的表面改性以及表面功能化。     

天然高分子材料研究进展

综述了近年来天然高分子材料的研究进展。主要介绍纤维素、木质素、淀粉、甲壳素、壳聚糖、其它多糖、蛋白质以及天然橡胶等天然高分子通过化学、物理方法以及纳米技术改性制备具有各种功能及生物可降解性环境友好材料的研究状况,并对此类新材料的应用前景进行了展望。     

功能性聚醚砜膜的研究进展

聚醚砜膜作为综合性能优异的聚合物膜材料,在包括血液净化以及水处理在内的多个领域都得到了广泛应用。然而,聚醚砜膜材料也面临本身的血液相容性较差、渗透率和选择性难调节等问题。因此,聚醚砜膜的功能化改性受到了越来越多关注。本文简要介绍了常用的聚醚砜膜改性方法,总结了近年来对聚醚砜膜进行功能化改性的研究进展,包括用于血液净化的抗凝血、抗污染、抗菌功能改性,可控的环境刺激-响应功能膜,以及用于污水处理的具有吸附功能的聚醚砜膜材料。最后展望了功能化聚醚砜膜未来的研究及发展方向。     

基于铜催化叠氮-炔环加成反应的聚氨酯功能化

聚氨酯(PU)作为一种重要的工业材料,具有诸多独特优异的性能,这使得PU材料在众多领域内具有极其广泛的应用。由于PU骨架上缺乏进一步修饰的功能基团,限制了PU材料的高附加值化,在高科技领域广泛应用受到阻碍。因此,PU的改性和功能化是学术界和工业界热门的课题之一。当前PU材料的改性和功能化方法较多,其中,叠氮化物与末端炔在铜(Ⅰ)催化下生成反式1,2,3-三唑化合物的Huisgen1,3-偶极环加成(CuAAC)反应具有操作简单方便和灵活高效的特点,是点击化学反应的精髓,在PU材料的功能化改性研究中占有独特而重要的地位。本文简要介绍了基于CuAAC反应PU材料功能化改性的设计思路,重点综述了基于CuAAC反应,PU材料的生物相容性、疏水性、荧光性、抗菌性、阻燃性、形状记忆效应、机械性能和热稳定性的功能化改性研究和应用,最后总结了CuAAC反应在改性PU上存在的主要问题,并对其研究方向进行了展望。     

功能化聚丙烯腈纤维促进有机反应的研究进展

聚丙烯腈纤维(PANF)具有出色的机械强度、耐化学性和良好的热稳定性,而且易于进行改性.在聚丙烯腈纺丝原液中加入添加剂或功能单体,或对PANF进行热处理等方法可以实现物理改性.而PANF的化学表面改性包括胺化、酰胺化、氧化、还原、交联、水解、酸处理和化学枝接等方法,表面改性给PANF带来许多特殊官能团,使其可以进一步被用作有机物、有机配体、酶以及过渡金属的载体.通过负载催化活性位点从而得到具有催化活性的功能化PANF.近年功能化PANF作为非均相催化剂被广泛应用于有机合成领域,综述了功能化PANF催化剂在有机反应中的研究成果与进展,包括缩合反应、偶联反应、加成反应、氧化还原反应及多组分一锅法反应等.介绍了纤维催化剂的合成及结构,讨论了催化性能,分析了可能的催化机理,为开发更优的功能化PANF做铺垫.     

透明质酸改性研究进展

综述了近年来透明质酸改性方法研究进展,主要介绍通过化学方法,复合改性方法制备功能化透明质酸衍生物的研究状况,并对其研究前景作了展望.     

基于纤维素的先进功能材料（专题报道）

 收集整理了近几年间发表在国内外重要期刊上的约360篇文献,以纤维素功能材料的制备方法为线索,简要综述了该领域的最新进展,对纤维素基纤维材料、膜材料、光电材料、杂化材料、智能材料、生物医用材料等功能材料的制备过程、功能和应用前景做了概括性描述.     

Recent development in food emulsion stabilized by plant-based cellulose nanoparticles

In this review, we discuss the application of cellulose nanoparticles as a sustainable and cost-effective source of green stabilizers for formulation of foodstuff. Fibrillar cellulose nanocrystal and nanofibril stabilize Pickering systems because of their ability to adsorb at the oil/water interfaces, forming protective layers. They also form associative structures in the continuous phase, increasing their viscoelastic properties and preventing flocculation. We describe the chemical and structural features of nanocelluloses and discuss the principles that support their utilization as stabilizers, especially in the context of recent prospects in food and health domains, given safety and regulatory advances. In addition, we describe the benefits of combining nanocelluloses with other food ingredients to extend their functional attributes. Particularly, nanocellulose-based Pickering emulsions are used to create edible soft materials with multiple functionalities. This article is expected to stimulate the use of nanocelluloses as functional ingredients to create food products with improved performance and novel properties.     

Natural Cellulose Substance Based Energy Materials

Natural cellulose substances have been proven to be ideal structural templates and scaffolds for the fabrication of artificial functional materials with designed structures, psychochemical properties and functionalities. They possess unique hierarchically porous network structures with flexible, biocompatible, and environmental characteristics, exhibiting great potentials in the preparation of energy-related materials. This minireview summarizes natural cellulose-based materials that are used in batteries, supercapacitors, photocatalytic hydrogen generation, photoelectrochemical cells, and solar cells. When natural cellulose substances are employed as the structural template or carbon sources of energy materials, the three-dimensional porous interwoven structures are perfectly replicated, leading to the enhanced performances of the resultant materials. Benefiting from the mechanical strengths of natural cellulose substances, wearable, portable, free-standing, and flexible materials for energy storage and conversion are easily obtained by using natural cellulose substances as the substrates.     

以离子液体为介质的纤维素加工与功能化

纤维素作为自然界中储量最大的天然高分子,被认为是未来世界能源与化工的主要原料.但由于分子链间存在丰富氢键网络以及高度结晶的聚集态结构特点,天然纤维素不熔化、难溶解,造成纤维素的加工极其困难,纤维素材料的传统生产工艺复杂且污染严重,极大限制了纤维素材料的广泛应用.近年来,人们发现一些特定结构的离子液体能够高效溶解纤维素,为纤维素的加工和功能化提供了新的多用途平台.本文从"溶解纤维素的离子液体、纤维素溶解机理与溶液性质、以离子液体制备再生纤维素材料和以离子液体为介质合成纤维素衍生物"4个方面详细介绍了本课题组在此领域的研究进展.     

微纳米纤维素功能膜在能源与环境领域的应用

探寻绿色清洁的资源与材料以维持高效的社会经济增长是未来数十年人们面临的最大挑战之一. 可持续资源与绿色材料的开发是降低传统化石能源与材料比重的最有前途的方案. 纤维素作为一种可持续发展、 可生物再生、 储量丰富且低成本的天然高分子聚合物, 在众多领域中具有广泛的应用, 并且纤维素可以加工成各种构型, 包括气凝胶、 泡沫、 海绵和薄膜等. 本文介绍了不同形态的纤维素及其衍生物组装而成的功能膜在能源与环境中的应用, 综述了微纳米纤维素及其衍生物在先进功能化储能器件方面的最新进展和制备方案, 以及在用于水处理的膜分离技术中的应用, 其中重点讨论了微纳米纤维素及其衍生物功能膜在电池、 电容器及水处理等领域中的作用, 如隔膜、 柔性电极膜和分离膜等. 此外, 还对纤维素及其衍生物功能膜的未来发展进行了总结和展望.     

Self-assembly of various guest substrates in natural cellulose substances to functional nanostructured materials

Biological organisms are produced from self-assembly of highly ordered functional units and are inherently complex and hierarchical, possessing macro-to-nanoscale features. It is a facile, low-cost and environmentally benign short-cut to artificial functional materials with unique multilevel structures and morphologies employing biological substances as platform for the self-assembly of various guest substrates. This review summarizes the recent advances in the fabrication of nanostructured materials with designed properties and functionalities by means of self-assembly of different guest substrates (such as metal oxide thin films, small molecules, polymers, biomacromolecules, nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes and colloidal spheres) on the surfaces of cellulose nanofibers of bulk natural cellulose substances. The combination of the specific chemical properties of the guest substrates and the unique physical features of the natural cellulose substances sheds new light on the design and syntheses of new functional nanomaterials.     

Controlling the Assembly of Cellulose-Based Oligosaccharides through Sequence Modifications

Peptides and nucleic acids with programmable sequences are widely explored for the production of tunable, self-assembling functional materials. Herein we demonstrate that the primary sequence of oligosaccharides can be designed to access materials with tunable shapes and properties. Synthetic cellulose-based oligomers were assembled into 2D or 3D rod-like crystallites. Sequence modifications within the oligosaccharide core influenced the molecular packing and led to the formation of square-like assemblies based on the rare cellulose IV_II allomorph. In contrast, modifications at the termini generated elongated aggregates with tunable surfaces, resulting in self-healing supramolecular hydrogels.     

Recombinant cellulose crosslinking protein: a novel paper-modification biomaterial

Cellulose-binding domains have been isolated from various cellulases, and proteins, which lack hydrolytic activity. The hypothesis that a cellulose-binding domain can be used to alter surface and mechanical properties of paper was tested. Two cellulose-binding domains from Clostriium cellulovorans were fused to form a cellulose crosslinking protein (CCP). The recombinant bifunctional cellulose-binding protein was expressed in E. coli, appliedby immersion onto Whatman cellulose filter paper, and its mechanical properties were tested. The purified protein improved the treated paper's mechanical properties (tensile strength, brittleness, Young's modulus and energy to break). In addition, cellulose crosslinking protein treatment was shown to transform filter paper into a more water-repellent paper. The binding of cellulose-binding domains to cellulose under a wide range of envi-ronmentalconditions, without the need for chemical reactions, and its biodegradability make them attractive moieties for the design of a new class of paper-modification materials.p>     

The behavior of natural biomass materials as drug carriers in releasing loaded Gentamicin sulphate

Pharmaceutical and clinicians researchers are looking for novel drug carriers to maintain the drug level in the body in low and effective dose. Thus, the present research concerned with studying the behavior of some natural biomass materials, namely microcrystalline cellulose, MCC, nanocrystalline cellulose, NCC, nanomethylcellulose, MC, and carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC, as a drug carrier materials for the Gentamicin sulphate, GM, by following up their rate of releasing the loaded drug with the time. Knowing of the initial rate of the releasing to each one and the sustaining rate along the period of the treatment, helps in choosing the best carrier for the drug that matches the patients requirements either whom are in need for a rapid dose (high level) of the drug followed by slow (low level) dose or those in need to start with the low level of the drug followed by high level of the drug. We chose MCC, NCC, MC and CMC, as natural, nontoxic biodegradable and renewable biomass materials, beside their low cost, to carry out this study. The results of the drug release, which measured by UV spectra, showed that the MCC, NCC, MC and CMC loaded with 0.025 g of the GM drug released 27.2%, 42.1%, 29.7%, 28.5% of the drug, respectively, along 10 days. All of them achieved the slow of the drug release but their behavior were different, where MCC, NCC and CMC started with low release then increased, and inversely, MC gave high rate of drug release and then decreased. The cause of this behavior was concerned to the adsorbing of the drug particles on the surface of the biomass materials or absorbing of the drug particles into the pores of the biomass materials. This was indicated by the study of their morphological image using the SEM, as well as indicating the presence of the functional group using the FT-IR study. The XRD, EDX and Agar Diffusion Assay, i.e. antimicrobial activity, against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia Coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis were carried out to make help in choosing of the best carrier convenient to the case of the illness requirement.     

纤维素/明胶复合膜的超分子结构与性能

通过一种绿色的方法在NaOH/尿素水体系中制备出纤维素和明胶组成的复合膜(C/G),并且证明这两种大分子间存在强的氢键作用,导致明胶耐水性明显改善.同时,用戊二醛作为交联剂对复合膜化学交联,进一步提高其抗水性.通过红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外光谱(UV-Vis)、13C固体核磁共振谱、扫描电镜(SEM),力学和溶胀测试对...