尿素－NaBr－KBr熔体中钴及稀土－钴的电沉积

稀土－钴合金具有许多优异性能,可用于制作磁性、磁光…等功能材料。日本学者研究了在有机电解液中电沉积Ｃｏ－Ｇｄ薄膜,未见前人研究低温熔盐体系中电沉积稀土合金的报道。尿素－（７９ｍｏｌ％）－ＮａＢｒ（１９．５ｍｏｌ％）－ＫＢｒ（１．５ｍｏｌ％）的熔点为５１℃,可在１００℃左右下作为电解介质。在尿素熔体中加入ＢａＯＡｃ,能增加Ｃｏ￣（２＋）还原为Ｃｏ的阴极极化。因此选择１００℃的尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ作为本底熔体,研究Ｃｏ￣（２＋）的电还原,镧、铽、镝、铥各自与钴的电解共沉积。在所研究的熔体中,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）一步不可逆还原为Ｃｏ。测定Ｃｏ￣（２＋）＋２ｅ＝Ｃｏ反应的传递系数α为０．４５,Ｃｏ￣（２＋）在熔体中的扩散系数为２．５×１０￣（－６）ｃｍ￣２·ｓ￣（－１）。稀土离子还原为稀土金属的电位很负,以致在本底熔体分解前未出现阴极波。但在含ＣＯＣｌ＿２熔体中加入ＲＥＣ＿３（ＬａＣｌ＿３、ＴｂＣｌ＿３、ＤｙＣｌ＿３、ＴｍＣｌ＿３）,使钴的析出电位向正方移动,而且阴极电流增大,因而有可能发生ＲＥ（Ｌａ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ、Ｔｍ）与Ｃｏ的诱导共沉积。在尿素－ＮａＢｒ－ＫＢｒ－ＮａＯＡｃ－ＣｏＣｌ＿２－ＲＥＣｌ＿３熔体     

稀土离子与牛血Cu（Zn）—SOD的作用

采用ＥＳＲ、ＣＤ谱和荧光光谱研究了ｐＨ＝６．３时六次甲基四胺－ＨＣｌ缓冲溶液中ＬａＣｌ３和ＴｂＣｌ３与Ｃｕ（Ｚｎ）－ＳＯＤ的配位作用和结构。Ｃｕ（Ｚｎ）－ＳＯＤ可增强Ｔｂ＾３＋的荧光发射，Ｔｂ＾３＋与Ｃｕ（Ｚｎ）－ＳＯＤ有多个配位位置，其中有２个强结合位点，Ｌａ＾３＋可Ｔｂ＾３＋可竞争Ｃｕ（Ｚｎ）…ＳＯＤ上相同结合位点，７７Ｋ下Ｌａ＾３＋与Ｔｂ＾３＋使Ｃｕ（Ｚｎ）－ＳＯＤ的Ｃｕ＾２＋活性中心的配位     

镧系元素的中性络合固-液萃取分离研究(Ⅱ)--TOPO-NaClO4-石蜡体系

本文以正三辛基氧膦为萃取剂,以熔融石蜡为稀释剂,研究了ＨＣｌＯ４－ＮａＣｌＯ４介质中Ｌａ＾３＋、Ｎｄ＾３＋、Ｓｍ＾３＋、Ｄｙ＾３＋Ｙｂ＾３＋的固－－液萃取行为及萃取反应热力学性能。斜率比法给出萃合物组成为Ｌｎ（ＴＯＰＯ）２（ＯＨ）（ＣｌＯ４）２。测定了萃取反应势力学参数、平衡常数及半萃取ｐＨ值。     

镧和钙对人红细胞膜的作用

采用荧光偏振，自旋标记电子顺磁共振波谱和激光拉曼光谱等技术研究了镧和钙对人红细胞膜结构和功能的影响。结果表明，低浓度的Ｌａ＾３＋（０．５ｕｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对（Ｎａ＾＋＋Ｋ＾＋）－ＡＴＰ酶，Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰ酶有轻微的激活作用，随着浓度的增大，则明显抑制酶的活性。Ｌａ＾２＋可降低红细胞 的膜脂充动性，使膜蛋白酰胺１’－ａ螺旋振动强度减弱；Ｃａ＾２＋对膜脂流动性和膜蛋白酰胺１’－ａ螺旋的影响比Ｌａ＾３＋小     

La—β—Al2O3固体电解质研究

以Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｌａ２Ｏ３为原料，采用烧结法制备了Ｌａ－β－Ａｌ２Ｏ３固体电解质。在１０＾－３～１０＾５Ｈｚ频率范围内，于８００～１５００℃温度区间测定了电解质的阻抗谱，度计算得到电导率。用该固体电解质组装成只有镧的化学位差的电池，得到了稳定的电池电动势，计算了待测合金中镧的活度，由此说明该固体电解质呈现Ｌａ＾３＋离子导电性，有希望制成Ｌａ传感器。测定钢和铸铁液中溶解态镧的活度。也可用于高温固态合金     

不同金属离子对Co/Al2O3中Co的分布和CoMoK/Al2O3催化活性的影响

在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３咖入Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋或Ｃｒ＾３＋后用漫反射光谱法研究了它们对随后加入的Ｃｏ分布的影响，同时还研究了这些离子对水煤气变换反应催化剂ＣｏＭｏＫ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３的催化活性的影响，发现Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋具有阻止Ｃｏ进入载体内层的作用，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋的作用则相反，四面体配位倾向强的金属离子能阻Ｃｏ进入载体内层，从而促进水煤气变换反应的催化活性，而八面配位倾向强度金属     

二（2,4,4—三甲基戊基）膦酸从盐酸介质中萃取钍（Ⅳ）的机理

研究了二（２，４，４－三甲基戊基）膦酸的正辛烷溶液从盐酸介质中萃取钍的机理。在未控制离子强度下，萃取平衡反应为：Ｔｈ＾４＋＋Ｃｌ＾－＋３（ＨＡ）２（ｏ）→ＴｈＣｌＡ３（ＨＡ）３（ｏ）＋３Ｈ＾＋。在控制离子强度为１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，萃取反应为Ｔｈ＾４＋＋２Ｃｌ＾－＋３（ＨＡ）２（Ｏ）→ＴｈＣｌ２Ａ２．（ＨＡ）４（Ｐ）＋２Ｈ＾＋。用饮和法确定的萃合物组成为ＴｈＣｌＡ３．计算了萃取反应的平衡常数及热力学     

镧改性铁催化剂的研究Ⅲ.镧改性铁催化剂的表面吸附性能

用ＸＰＳ，ＩＲ和Ｃａｈｎ微量天平技术研究了Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３和Ｆｅ２Ｏ３／Ｌａ２Ｏ３／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂的表面吸附性能。结果表明，部分镧履盖了催化剂表面，这部分镧优先堵盖ＣＯ的桥式吸附位，同时由于部分镧的覆盖，减少了ＣＯ和Ｈ２的化学吸附量，但大大促进了（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）的共吸附，提高了催化剂的再吸附能力。     

离子浮选石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中痕量Cr（Ⅵ）／Cr（Ⅲ）

本文以二苯卡巴肼（ＤＰＣＩ）和十二烷基硫酸钠（ＳＬＳ）为浮选剂研究了分离浓缩（Ｃｒ（Ⅵ）的最佳条件，建立了水中痕量络的形态分析方法。该方法简单、快速、检测限０．０３μｇＬ＾－１，变异系九小于４％，２００ｍＬ水样中含ＮＯ３５０，Ｎａ＾＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋４０，Ｃｌ２８，Ｄ，Ｃａ＾２＋，ＳＯ４１０，ＣＯ３９，Ａｌ＾２＋，Ｃｏ＾２＋，Ｎｉ６２＋５，Ｍｎ＾２，Ｐｂ＾２＋２．５，Ｆｅ＾３＋０．２ｍｇ不影响测定。方     

PTFE—乙醚柱反相萃取层析连续分离和测定镓（Ⅲ）铟（Ⅲ）的研究

研究了在抗坏血酸存在下的６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＨＢｒ介质作流动相，以ＰＴＦＥ（聚四氟乙烯）负载的乙醚作固定相，反相萃取层析使微量Ｇａ（Ⅲ），Ｉｎ（Ⅲ）与Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｔｌ＾３＋、Ｍｏ＾６＋、Ａｕ＾３＋、Ｔｉ＾４＋、Ｂｉ＾３＋、Ａｌ＾３＋、Ｍｇ＾２＋、Ｃａ＾２＋、Ｎｉ＾２＋、Ｃｏ＾２＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋、Ｚｎ＾２＋、Ｐｂ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋等多种离子分离。留于柱上的铟、镓分别用ＨＣｌ（４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）－Ｈ２Ｏ２（３％）     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.