GA-BrO3——H2SO4-Mn2+体系的复杂振荡反应的研究

本文报道GA-BrO_3~--H_2SO-(4~-)Mn~(2 )体系的复杂振荡反应,这种在一个均相封闭体系中同时出现三种不同类型的连续振荡反应及混乱振荡反应至今尚未见报道。实验部分1.试剂:实验中所采用的各种试剂均为分析纯,溶液都用去离子水配制。2.实验仪器及方法:实验在恒温30±0.15℃下进行,以溴离子选择电极和PXS-215型离子活度计测量电位的变化来反映[Br~-]的变化,以Hg|Hg_2SO_4|K_2SO_4为参比电极,实验结果用XWT-台式自动平衡记录仪记录。     

BZ类双催化及非催化化学振荡反应

本文报道以香草醛(以OA表示)为底物的双催化振荡反应以及以2,7-二羟基萘二酚(以DN表示)为有机底物的非催化振荡反应,对二类不同体系的振荡反应机理作了初步的探索。实验部分1.试剂和仪器实验中的反应物均采用分析纯,所有溶液均在去离子水中制备,测定时主要采用PXS-215型离子活度计,XWT-台式自动平衡记录仪。2.实验方法使用超级恒温槽,控制在所需温度下进行反应,以溴离子选择性电极测量并记录反应过程中电位随时间的变化来反映[Br~-]的变化,以Hg|Hg_2SO_4|K_2SO_4为参比电极,振荡现象也可以用HP8451紫外可见分光光度计测定特定波长的吸光率变化进行观察。     

KBrO3-CH3CH(NH2)CO2H-MnSO4-[Fe(phen)3]SO4-H2SO4体系的化学振荡反应

本文首次报道须在两种金属离子同时作用下的振荡反应——KBrO_3-CH_3CH(NH_2)CO_2H-MnSO_4-[Fe(phen)_3]SO_2-H_2SO_4体系的振荡反应,对反应产物作了分析,研究了两种金属离子在振荡反应中的不同作用,Mn~(2+)起催化氧化丙氨酸以产生丙酮酸的作用,而[Fe(phen)_3]~(2+)则是丙酮酸-BZ型反应的催化剂.研究了温度变化对振荡反应的影响,从而得出振荡反应各阶段的表观活化能.考察了Cl~-、自由基抑制剂及反应物浓度对振荡反应的影响.实验证明,振荡反应同时受Br~-及Br_2的控制,振荡机理与Br_2-水解控制模型相同.     

阿拉伯糖和丙酮作混合底物的B—Z振荡反应

化学振荡反应在近年来得到了广泛的研究,研究由组成生命体的物质参与的振荡器对探索生命运动中的振荡规律具有重要意义。本文报道由糖类参加的B—Z体系:阿拉伯糖(以Ara表示)—丙酮(以Act表示)—BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)—H_2SO_4体系。并对振荡反应中二种有机物的作用作了初探。实验部分     

氟离子-乳酸-丙酮-Mn~(2+)-BrO_3~--H_2SO_4振荡反应及其在分析中的应用

氟离子对乳酸-丙酮-Mn~(2+)-BrO_3~--H_2SO_4化学振荡反应的周期和振幅有显著的影响,F~-的浓度在8.00×10~(-5)～1.00×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)范围内与振荡反应周期的改变值△t_p和振幅的改变值△H均有良好的线性关系,是一线性范围宽、灵敏度高的动力学分析测试体系。获得振荡反应诱导期、周期的表观活化参数E_(in)、E_p分别为55.71 kJ·mol~(-1)、67.41 kJ·mol~(-1),探索了该振荡体系可能的反应机理。     

Li_2SO_4-Na_2SO_4-H_2O和Li_2SO_4-K_2SO_4-H_2O溶液的体积性质（英文）

本文用高精度数字式振荡管密度计测定了288K至318K温度范围内三元体系Li_2SO_4-Na_2SO_4-H_2O和Li_2SO_4-K_2SO_4-H_2O的密度。溶液的离子强度范围从0. 1到4. 5mol·kg-1,在两种混合溶液中Na_2SO_4和K_2SO_4的离子强度分数为0. 2,0. 4,0. 6和0. 8。用密度实验值拟合得到了不同温度下Pitzer离子相互作用模型混合参数θ~V和ψ~V,模型的计算值与实验值的偏差在±0. 002 g·cm-3以内。用Pitzer模型计算了不同离子强度下三元体系的混合体积。     

酪氨酸-KBrO3-H2SO4体系化学振荡反应的研究

本文首次报道酪氨酸-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4体系的非催化化学振荡反应及在Ce~(3+)等金属离子催化下的振荡反应,研究了振荡反应产物及许多因素对振荡反应的影响,讨论了非催化振荡反应的控制机理。根据实验结果以及振荡反应的一般机理,对上述体系非催化振荡反应的机理作了初步的探索,并用以对实验现象作了定性说明。     

丝氨酸-BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)-Fe(phen)_3~(2+)-H_2SO_4体系化学振荡反应及催化机理的研究

本文首次报导了丝氨酸-BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)-Fe(phen)_3~(2+)-H_2SO_4体系的化学振荡反应,测定了振荡反应的浓度范围及最佳反应条件;分析了反应产物;研究了反应物浓度、反应温度、Cl~-、自由基抑制剂、CCl_4、丙酮等对振荡反应的影响;讨论了Br~-及Br_2在振荡反应中的作用,并对振荡反应机理作了研究。在此基础上,进一步研究了Br_2在振荡反应中的动力学行为,研究了三种BZ反应中常用作催化剂的金属离子(Ce~(3+)、Mn~(2+)及Fe(phen)_3~(2+))单独存在时的振荡现象。实验发现,当Mn~(2+)存在时,体系可发生三次振荡,而Ce~(3+)或Fe(phen)_3~(2+)存在时,均不能发生振荡。在Mn~(2+)存在时,加入Fe(phen)_3~(2+)可使振荡次数大为增加,此时Fe(phen)_3~(2+)为振荡反应的催化剂。文中对金属离子的催化机理作了系统的研究。     

KBrO3-CH3CH(NH2)CO2H-MnSO4-[Fe(phen)3]SO4-H2SO4体系的化学振荡反应

本文首次报道须在两种金属离子同时作用下的振荡反应─KBrO3-CH3CH(NH2)CO2H-MnSO4-[F3(phen)3]SO4-H2SO4体系的振荡反应, 对反应产物作了分析, 研究了两种金属离子在振荡反应中的不同作用, Mn^2^+起催化氧化丙氨酸以产生丙酮酸的作用, 而[Fe(phen)3]^2^+则是丙酮酸-BZ型反应的催化剂。研究了温度变化对振荡反应的影响, 从而得出振荡反应各阶段的有观活化能。考察了Cl^-、自由基抑制剂及反应物浓度对振荡反应的影响。实验证明, 振荡反应同时受Br^-及Br2的控制, 振荡机理与Br2^-水解控制模型相同。     

甘氨酸-KBrO_3-MnSO_4-H_2SO_4体系的化学振荡反应

氨基酸是组成生命体的基本单元,研究由氨基酸组成的B-Z类振荡反应具有重要意义,本文首次报道了甘氨酸(以Gly表示)-BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)-H_2SO_4体系的振荡反应,对这一反应的影响因素及反应产物作了初步的分析。     

氨基酸-BrO-3-Mn2+-H2SO4-丙酮体系的振荡反应

This paper, Using potentiometric method, first reports the oscillating behavior of five amino acids (L-methionine, L-cystine, L-tryptophan, L-serine, L-tyrosine) in a new oscillating system of amino acid-BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)-H_2SO_4-acetone. The effect of many factors on oscillation have been investigated. According to Arrhenius equation, the apparent activation energy of the oscillatary induction period and oscillation period of five oscillating systems are obtained within temperature range of 20～37 ℃.     

GA-KBrO3-H2SO4体系化学振荡的研究

研究了GA(没食子酸)-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4体系的诱导期τ、振荡周期T_2与反应物起始浓度的依赖关系, 302 K时的经验式为τ=22.8 c~(-2.23)_(H_2SO_4) c~(-2.17)_(KBrO_3) c~(0.795)_(GA) (mol.dm~(-3))~(4.25)·sT_2=0.84 c~(-2.28)_(H_2SO-4)c~(-1.97)_(KBrO_3) exp{(0.000147(mol.dm~(-3))~2/c~2_(GA)}(mol.dm~(-3))~(4.25)·sτ及T_2都随~CGA的增加而增长, 这与B-Z反应中关于有机物的结论不同。用循环伏安法研究该体系的结果表明, GA在诱导期结束时就基本上都被氧化为中间物, GA并不象前人所认为的是维持振荡的物种, 实际参与振荡的是由GA生成的物质。本文还研究了Fe(Phen)_3~(2+)对GA-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4体系振荡的影响, 发现Br~-振荡行为随Fe(Phen)_3~(2+)的浓度而变。低~CFe(phen)_3~(2+)时,Br~-的振荡行为与GA-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4体系的基本相似, 其特征是每个振荡周期内, Br~-振荡脉冲发生前是逐渐积累的。随着~CFe(phen)_3~(2+)的增大, Br~-出现另一特征的振荡行为, 在每个振荡周期内, Br~-振荡脉冲发生前是逐渐减小。我们认为, GA-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4-Fe(Phen)_3~(2+)体系的振荡不能单一地用OKN机理加以解释, 它可能是两套振荡机理耦合的振荡。     

乳酸-溴酸钾-硫酸锰-硫酸-丙酮体系的B-Z振荡反应

This paper presents a study of the concentration range of reactant of oscillation reaction in α-hydroxy-propionic acid-KBrO3-MnSO4-H2SO4-propanone system. The special feature of the reaction is a damped oscillation. A section of the damped oscillation wave is similar to a spindle. Effects of many factors on the oscillation have been examined. The period and amplitude as function of the initial concentration of each reactant have been studied. It was found that mumbers, period and amplitude of each section of damped oscillation and preoscillatory time depend on the initial concentrations of the reactants.     

以天冬氨酸-KBrO3-Mn2+-Fe(phen)32+-H2SO4为体系的化学振荡反应的研究

A new chemical oscillating system involving aminoacid——the system of aspartic acid-BrO_3~--Mn~(2+)-Fe(Phen)_3~2-H_2SO_4 has been described and its oscillating feature has been studied. It is shown that chloride ion, bromide ion,acetone, bromine and acrylonitrile inhibit the oscillation. The analysis of reacting products shows that oxalacetie acid and bromooxaiacetie acid are two of the products of this oscillating reaction. According to the experimental facts and the FKN mechanism, the model, called the Br_2-hydrolysis control model, has been proposed. The oscillating figure calculated from this model is in good agreement with the experimental figure. With this model we give the successful explanation of all the experimental observations and the role of the two metal ions in the oscillating reaction is described.     

苯酚-KBrO3-H2SO4振荡体系的诱导期与周期

1978年,Orbán和Koros简略碰报导了苯酚-KBrO_3-H_2SO_4体系的振荡行为。直到现在,该体系详细的实验研究未见报导。近来,我们对此体系的振荡行为重新作了探讨,发现与前人的结果大不相同,具有独特的规律。实验方法与文献[2]的完全相同。所用的药品,苯酚为A.R.级,KBrO_3和H_2SO_4均为G.R.级。实验温度为298±0.5K。今将所得结果报导如下。     

CS2+离子 C2Σg+←B2Σu+跃迁的Franck-Condon因子计算以及与光解离谱的比较

将线性三原子分子离子CS2+的对称伸缩振动简化为SC和S之间的简谐振动, 用谐振子的势能曲线和波函数对CS2+分子离子 C2Σg+和 B2Σu+电子态(对称伸缩)振动能级间跃迁的Franck-Condon因子进行了计算, 得到的结果与 C2Σg+←B2Σu+跃迁的光解离谱实验强度进行了比较, 对前人给出的分子数据(转动常数、分子平衡核间距)进行了验证和分析, 讨论了经由 C2Σg+←B2Σu+电子态振动能级间跃迁的光解离机理.     

SiO2 coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes based amperometric glucose biosensor

A new type of amperometric glucose biosensor based on silicon dioxide coated magnetic nanoparticle decorated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/MWNTs) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) has been developed. MWNTs have been synthesized by catalytic chemical vapour decomposition (CCVD) of acetylene over rare earth (RE) based AB₃ alloy hydride catalyst. The as-grown MWNTs have been purified and further functionlized. Functionalized MWNTs have been decorated with magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles which have been uniformly coated with biocompatible SiO₂ using a simple chemical reduction method. The characterization of magnetic nanoparticle modified MWNTs have been done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra red spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and UV-vis spectroscopy. Amperometric biosensor has been fabricated by the deposition of glucose oxidase (GOD) over Nafion-solubilized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂/MWNTs electrode. The resultant bioelectrode retains its biocatalytic activity and offers fast and sensitive glucose quantification. The performance of the biosensor has been studied using cyclic voltammetry and amperometry and the results have been discussed. The fabricated glucose biosensor exhibits a linear response from 1 μM to 30 mM with an excellent detection limit of 800 nM indicating the potential applications in food industries.     

H2O2-sensitive quantum dots for the label-free detection of glucose

A novel label-free detection system based on CdTe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) was designed for the direct measurement of glucose. Herein we demonstrated that the photoluminescence (PL) of CdTe/CdS QDs was sensitive to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). With d-glucose as a substrate, H₂O₂ that intensively quenched the QDs PL can be produced via the catalysis of glucose oxidase (GOx). Experimental results showed that the decrease of the QDs PL was proportional to the concentration of glucose within the range of 1.8 μM to 1 mM with the detection limit of 1.8 μM under the optimized experimental conditions. In addition, the QD-based label-free glucose sensing platform was adapted to 96-well plates for fluorescent assay, enhancing the capabilities and conveniences of this detection platform. An excellent response to the concentrations of glucose was found within the range of 2-30 mM. Glucose in blood and urine samples was effectively detected via this strategy. The comparison with commercialized glucose meter indicated that this proposed glucose assay system is not only simple, sensitive, but also reliable and suitable for practical application. The high sensitivity, versatility, portability, high-throughput and low cost of this glucose sensor implied its potential in point-of-care clinical diagnose of diabetes and other fields.     

以衣康酸-BrO-3-Mn2+为体系的化学振荡研究

本文研究了BrO_3~--Br~--H~+-Mn~(2+)-衣康酸体系的振荡行为, 利用电位法及分光光度计对体系做了一系列测定, 根据FKN机理, 提出了本体系可能的反应进程, 同时测定了各种反应条件对振荡的诱导期及周期影响, 并根据机理分析把诱导期分成两个部分, 得到1/τ_(i1), 1/τ_(i2), 1/τ_p对各种反应物起始浓度的关系式。还发观葡萄糖能促进振荡进行。