Ag/N-TiO2/SBA-15光催化剂的制备及其可见光催化还原CO2

以钛酸四正丁酯(TB),羧基改性的SBA-15 (COOH/SBA-15),尿素和AgNO3为原料,利用溶剂热及焙烧处理制得Ag/N-TiO₂/SBA-15催化剂. 采用X 射线衍射(XRD),低温N2吸脱附,X 射线光电子能谱(XPS),紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-vis DRS),荧光(PL)光谱,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP)和元素分析(EA)等表征. 结果显示：Ag/N-TiO₂/SBA-15样品具有介孔结构,TiO₂以单一的锐钛矿晶型均匀的分散在载体表面,Ag以单质形态沉积在TiO₂表面,N则掺入到TiO₂晶格中,并以取代N(O-Ti-N)和间隙N(Ti-O-N)两种方式共存. Ag/N-TiO₂/SBA-15催化剂中单质Ag既可以捕获光生电子提高量子效率,又促进了TiO₂对可见光的吸收. N掺杂拓宽了TiO₂吸收光谱的吸收范围,并且适量的N掺杂有助于光生电荷的分离,提高了光催化效率. 以光催化还原CO₂为探针反应,考察了催化剂在可见光下的催化活性. 结果表明：Ag/N-TiO₂/SBA-15系列催化剂均表现出了可见光催化还原CO₂性能,发现当Ag的质量分数为2%,N与Ti的物质的量比为3时,催化剂光催化活性最佳,产物甲醇产量高达45.7 μmol·g^-1·h^-1.     

氮铋共掺杂TiO2的合成及其可见光催化性能研究

以纳米管钛酸为钛的前驱体,Bi(NO₃)₃·5H₂O为N源和Bi源,采用水热法制备了N、Bi共掺杂的TiO₂;并以甲基橙为目标降解物考察了所制备样品的可见光催化性能(λ≥420 nm).利用XRD、XPS、UV-Vis DRS、TEM等技术对不同条件下制备的产物进行了表征.结果表明,所得样品主要为锐钛矿型,粒径20 nm左右,掺杂的Bi主要以Bi₂O₃和BiONO₃两种形式存在.N元素除了以NO₃^-的形式存在于BiONO₃中,还有少量N以间隙氮掺杂于TiO₂中形成Ti-O-N键.N、Bi共掺杂的TiO₂在可见光下表现出了优越的光催化性能,其中水热温度为130 ℃,Bi/Ti摩尔比为1%时,催化活性最高.催化活性的提高源于N和Bi的掺杂增加了样品对可见光的利用效率,降低了光生电子空穴的复合速率.     

B,N-SnO2/TiO2光催化剂的制备及其光催化性能研究

为了提高TiO₂在可见光下的光催化活性, 采用聚合物前驱体法制备了B,N共掺杂的SnO₂/TiO₂(B,N-SnO₂/TiO₂)粉体型光催化剂. 进一步为了提高光催化剂的实用性, 通过浸渍-裂解法制备了氧化铝纤维毡负载的B,N-SnO₂/TiO₂光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、场发射透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、比表面积分析仪、紫外-可见分光光度计等对其进行了表征. 以氧氟沙星水溶液为模拟污染物, 考察了B,N-SnO₂/TiO₂粉体型光催化剂和负载型光催化剂的可见光催化活性及稳定性. 结果表明, 该粉体型光催化剂在可见光下光照15 min, 对氧氟沙星的降解率可达98.3%. 负载型光催化剂也表现出了良好的光催化性能及可重复性和稳定性, 在21次重复使用后光催化性能几乎不发生变化.     

一步火焰辅助热解法制备Fe掺杂嵌碳TiO2及其光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯、无水乙醇和无水氯化铁为前驱体,通过一步火焰辅助热解法制备了Fe掺杂嵌碳TiO₂,并研究了样品的光催化活性. 利用扫描电子显微镜及能谱、X射线光电子能谱、X射线粉末衍射和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱等对样品的形貌、组分、晶型和光吸收进行了表征,并研究了样品在紫外和可见光下的光催化活性. 结果表明,无需后续热处理可直接得到主要是锐钛矿相TiO₂的样品,Fe³⁺以替位掺杂形式进入TiO₂晶格,随掺杂量增加,样品在可见光区域的吸光度提高,吸收带边红移. Fe掺杂量（摩尔分数）小于0.2%可改善样品的光催化活性,当Fe掺杂量为0.1%时,样品在可见光和紫外-可见光照射下均显示出最高的降解亚甲基蓝速率.     

胶体碳球制备新型Sn/Se共掺杂TiO2及其光催化性能

TiO₂的光催化性能改性是水污染治理和光催化领域研究的重点方向。为了增强TiO₂的光催化性能,以胶体碳球为模板,采用水热-煅烧法首次制备了TiO₂空心球、硒掺杂二氧化钛(Se-TiO₂)空心球和锡/硒共掺杂二氧化钛(Sn/Se-TiO₂)空心球。同时,对Sn/Se-TiO₂空心球的形貌、结构以及元素组成进行了表征,并以罗丹明B为模拟污染物,评价了样品的光催化性能。结果表明：TiO₂为单一的锐钛矿相,Sn和Se成功地掺杂进入了TiO₂晶格中;Sn/Se共掺杂形成了缺陷能级,降低了禁带宽度和电子-空穴对的复合几率,提高了可见光的响应范围。当Se掺杂2.0%(物质的量分数,下同),Sn掺杂0.5%时,样品光催化性能最好,去除率为76.92%。同等条件下空心球的光催化去除率：TiO₂22,说明Sn/Se共掺杂T...     

中空纤维Au-CeZr/FAU催化膜的制备及在富氢气氛CO选择性氧化反应中的应用

采用浸渍法制备了一系列不同Ce/Zr掺杂比例的FAU分子筛膜, 并进一步负载纳米金, 制备了Au-CeZr/FAU催化膜. 对催化膜的微观形貌及结构进行了表征, 并对其在富氢气氛中催化CO优先氧化性能进行了研究. H₂-TPR结果表明, Ce/Zr掺杂比为1∶1时制得的催化膜Au-Ce₁Zr₁/FAU具有最好的被还原能力, 更有利于Au的分散与还原; O₂-TPD结果表明, 该样品的氧物种比其它样品上的氧物种活性更高. 更好的被还原性能和更高的氧物种活性使得制备的Au-Ce₁Zr₁/FAU催化膜性能最佳, 在60 ℃时CO转化率与O₂选择性可以同时达到100%, 并且在经过10次热循环测试后仍然可以保持稳定的催化性能.     

Au/N-g-C3N4复合材料的制备及其可见光催化产氢性能

首先以尿素和柠檬酸作为前驱体,通过热处理工艺合成N掺杂的g-C₃N₄(N-g-C₃N₄),然后利用化学还原的方法将Au沉积到N-g-C₃N₄表面,形成Au修饰的N掺杂的g-C₃N₄复合光催化材料(Au/N-g-C₃N₄)。通过XRD、XPS、TEM、UV-Vis和光电流测试对其进行了表征,与同等条件下制备的N-g-C₃N₄和g-C₃N₄相比,Au/N-g-C₃N₄具有更强的光吸收性能和更大的光电流。同时对材料的可见光产氢性能进行了研究,结果发现：当Au含量为1%时,复合材料呈现最佳的光催化产氢性能,其产氢速率为974μmol·g^-1·h ^-1,为N-g-C₃N₄     

二氧化钛包裹碘单质(I2/TiO2)制备及其光催化降解苯酚

采用水热法,以Ti(SO₄)₂为钛源,KIO₃为掺碘剂制备了具有高可见光活性,高稳定性的二氧化钛包裹碘单质(I₂/TiO₂)光催化剂.利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线晶体粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和紫外可见漫反射光谱(DRS)等表征手段对样品进行表征.结果表明,I₂/TiO₂中除含有锐钛矿相二氧化钛外、还含有碘单质和碘酸;I₂/TiO₂粒径大小为45 nm左右;在波长384 nm至700 nm范围内,该催化剂有强烈的吸收.探讨了该催化剂的形成过程和可见光催化机理.以苯酚降解反应为探针,测定了I₂/TiO₂光催化活性.结果显示:在全谱光源照射下I₂/TiO₂活性略高于P25,在可见光范围内其活性是P25的3倍多.确定了降解苯酚的最佳条件:全谱光源照射,投加量为0.5 g/L,苯酚浓度大于10 mg/L,溶液pH为3.2.I₂/TiO₂重复使用4次后,催化活性没有明显下降.     

银纳米颗粒负载TiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性及其光电流性质

制备了3种不同粒径的Ag纳米颗粒,将它们分别掺入二氧化钛溶胶, 制备成复合二氧化钛薄膜。利用TEM测定了Ag粒子的大小,测量TiO₂复合膜的光电流,以亚甲基蓝降解反应评价了Ag/TiO₂薄膜的光催化活性.结果表明,负载不同粒径Ag纳米粒子后,TiO₂薄膜的光电流和光催化活性均得到一定程度的提高.当负载平均粒径6.9 nm的Ag粒子后,薄膜具有最高的光电流和最强的光催化活性.     

RE-B共掺杂片层TiO2的合成及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,利用钛酸四丁酯、硝酸镧、硝酸铈和硼酸为原料,对TiO₂光催化剂进行稀土-B(RE-B)的共掺杂改性制备和性能研究。采用X-射线衍射法(XRD)、冷场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见吸收(UV-Vis)光谱和荧光(PL)光谱对制得样品的相组成、表面形貌结构、表面元素组成、光响应范围及带隙能和电子-空穴的复合情况进行了初步分析。结果表明,所制掺杂TiO₂的组成均为锐钛矿型,掺杂使晶格发生了较大畸变,且细晶粒由未掺杂的27 nm减小到RE-B-TiO₂的10 nm,形貌为片层状不规则堆放状态存在。XPS结果表明掺杂元素有效进入二氧化钛, PL谱显示共掺杂可有效延长光催化剂的载流子寿命。掺杂后吸收边均红移, La-B-TiO₂由TiO₂的405 nm移动到466 nm,相应地禁带宽度减小了0.4 eV。光催化实验表明:2 h内降解亚甲基蓝(MB)时掺杂能够同时提高紫外和可见光下二氧化钛的光催化效率,而共掺杂的降解效果又优于单掺杂, La-B-TiO₂紫外光下的降解率达到80.67%,为同等条件下纯TiO₂的2.7倍,可见光下的降解率为74.78%。     

One-step solvothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with high photocatalytic activity in the reduction of aqueous Cr（Ⅵ）

N-doped TiO2 （N-TiO2） nanoparticles were synthesized via a one-step low temperature （180℃） solvothermal route, which adopted NH4NO3 as the nitrogen source. The structure, composition, BET specific surface area, and optical properties of the as-synthesized product were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N2 adsorption- desorption isotherms, and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. In addition, its photocatalytic properties were tested by the reduction of aqueous Cr（VI） under UV and visible light （x 〉 420 rim） irradiation. It was observed that for the reduction of aqueous Cr（VI）, the as-synthesized N-TiO2 nanoparticles not only exhibited much higher photocatalytic activity than P25 TiO2 under UV light, but also exhibited remarkably high photocatalytic activity under visible light （λ 〉 420 nm）.     

以尿素为氮源制备氮改性二氧化钛及其改性机理

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,以尿素为氮源,采用改进溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同N含量的改性TiO2光催化剂(N-TiO2).以重铬酸钾为目标污染物,以甲酸为空穴捕获剂,评价了可见光下该催化剂的催化还原活性.结果表明,N-TiO2催化剂活性明显高于未改性催化剂,当催化剂中N/Ti摩尔比为10%、焙烧温度为400℃时,其光催化还原活性最...     

Preparation of nitrogen-substituted TiO2 thin film photocatalysts by the radio frequency magnetron sputtering deposition method and their photocatalytic reactivity under visible light irradiation

Nitrogen-substituted TiO2 (N-TiO2) thin film photocatalysts have been prepared by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RF-MS) deposition method using a N2/Ar mixture sputtering gas. The effect of the concentration of substituted nitrogen on the characteristics of the N-TiO2 thin films was investigated by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The absorption band of the N-TiO2 thin film was found to shift smoothly to visible light regions up to 550 nm, its extent depending on the concentration of nitrogen substituted within the TiO2 lattice in a range of 2.0-16.5%. The N-TiO2 thin film photocatalyst with a nitrogen concentration of 6.0% exhibited the highest reactivity for the photocatalytic oxidation of 2-propanol diluted in water even under visible (lambda > or = 450 nm) or solar light irradiation. Moreover, N-TiO2 thin film photocatalysts prepared on conducting glass electrodes showed anodic photocurrents attributed to the photooxidation of water under visible light, its extent depending on wavelengths up to 550 nm. The absorbed photon to current conversion efficiencies reached 25.2% and 22.4% under UV (lambda = 360 nm) and visible light (lambda = 420 nm), respectively. UV-vis and photoelectrochemical investigations also confirmed that these thin films remain thermodynamically and mechanically stable even under heat treatment at 673 K. In addition, XPS and XRD studies revealed that a significantly high substitution of the lattice O atoms of the TiO2 with the N atoms plays a crucial role in the band gap narrowing of the TiO2 thin films, enabling them to absorb and operate under visible light irradiation as a highly reactive, effective photocatalyst.     

新型N-TiO2的固相法制备及其光催化性能

以纳米管钛酸为前驱体,以NH4HCO3为N源,先机械研磨使二者混合均匀,再在Ar保护下,于不同温度焙烧4h制得N掺杂TiO2 (N-TiO2),并采用X射线粉末衍射、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、透射电镜及N2吸附-脱附对样品进行了表征.结果显示,N以间隙掺杂方式进入TiO2晶格内.在热处理过程中,生成中间体(...     

尿素为氮源N-TiO2的制备、表征及光催化性能

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,以尿素为氮源,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同N含量的TiO2光催化剂(N-TiO2).通过X-射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、分子荧光光谱(PL)、X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)等检测手段对其结构和物理性能进行了表征.结果表明,N的掺杂能抑制锐钛矿相TiO2向金红石相的转化,能将TiO2的吸收边波长拓宽到可见光区域,能加速光生电子-空穴对的分离,提高光催化活性.在以可见光为光源进行重铬酸钾的光催化还原和苯酚的光催化氧化反应中,9%N-TiO2-500表现出了最强的光催化活性,且在光催化活性的稳定性实验中,表现出良好的光催化活性的稳定性,能多次重复使用.     

Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12纳米线的可见光催化性能

研究了用一步水热法制备的掺镧钛酸铋(Bi_3.25La_0.75Ti₃O₁₂, BLT)纳米线的光学和可见光催化性能, 并对其晶体结构和微观结构用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)等手段进行了表征. 结果表明, 制备的纳米线为纯相的Bi_3.25La_0.75Ti₃O₁₂, 平均直径约为25 nm. 室温光致发光谱(PL)显示BLT纳米线在433和565 nm附近有较强的发射峰, 分别对应激子发射和表面缺陷发光. 紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)表明BLT样品的带隙能约为2.07 eV. 利用可见光(λ>420 nm)照射下的甲基橙降解实验评价了BLT样品的光催化性能. 结果表明, BLT的光催化活性比商用TiO₂催化剂P25、掺氮TiO₂和纯相钛酸铋(Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, BIT)高得多. BLT光催化剂具有更高催化活性的原因是La³⁺离子掺杂拓展了BIT对可见光的吸收范围, 同时抑制了BIT的光生电子-空穴的复合.     

Characterization and mechanism analysis of Mo-N-co-doped TiO2 nano-photocatalyst and its enhanced visible activity

In this study, Mo-N-co-doped TiO(2) nano-photocatalysts have been synthesized through hydrolysis-precipitation method, combined with sonication posttreatment. The resulting materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS). XRD showed that co-doping with Mo and N favored the formation of anatase and retarded the growth of crystallite size. XPS revealed that N was incorporated into the lattice of TiO(2) through substituting oxygen atoms and coexisted in the forms of β-N and γ-N in co-doped TiO(2). Meanwhile, Mo was also incorporated into the lattice of TiO(2) through substituting titanium atoms and existed in the form of Mo(6+). DRS indicated that the light absorbance in visible region was improved by co-doping with Mo and N, leading to a narrower band gap and higher visible light photocatalytic activity for the degradation of phenol than that of pure and N-doped TiO(2). The enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of Mo-N-co-doped TiO(2) nano-photocatalyst was attributed to the small crystallite size, narrow band gap and intense light absorbance in visible region. This study provides a new method to synthesize visible light active TiO(2)-based photocatalyst.     

Synthesis, property characterization and photocatalytic activity of the novel composite polymer polyaniline/Bi2SnTiO7

A novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7 )composite polymer was synthesized by chemical oxidation in-situ polymerization method and sol-gel method for the first time. The structural properties of novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7) have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray spectrometry. The lattice parameter of Bi(2)SnTiO(7) was found to be a = 10.52582(8) ?. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was realized under visible light irradiation with the novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7) as catalyst. The results showed that novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7 )possessed higher catalytic activity compared with Bi(2)InTaO(7) or pure TiO(2) or N-doped TiO(2) for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue with the novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7) or N-doped TiO(2) as catalyst followed first-order reaction kinetics, and the first-order rate constant was 0.01504 or 0.00333 min(-1). After visible light irradiation for 220 minutes with novel polyaniline/Bi(2)SnTiO(7 )as catalyst, complete removal and mineralization of methylene blue was observed. The reduction of the total organic carbon, the formation of inorganic products, SO(4)2- and NO(3-), and the evolution of CO(2) revealed the continuous mineralization of methylene blue during the photocatalytic process. The possible photocatalytic degradation pathway of methylene blue was obtained under visible light irradiation.     

N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列的掺杂机理及其光催化活性

以ZnO纳米柱阵列为模板, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出TiO2/ZnO和N掺杂TiO2/ZnO的复合纳米管阵列. 扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis)的结果表明: 两种阵列的纳米管均为六角形结构, 直径约为100 nm, 壁厚约为20 nm; 在N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列中, 掺入的N离子主要是以N-Ox、N-C和N-N的形式化学吸附在纳米管表面, 仅有少量的N离子以取代式掺杂的方式占据TiO2晶格O的位置; 表面N物种形成的表面态能级和取代式掺杂导致带隙的窄化, 增强了纳米管阵列的光吸收效率, 促进了光生载流子的分离. 光催化实验结果表明, N离子的掺杂有利于N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列光催化活性的提高.     

N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列的掺杂机理及其光催化活性

以ZnO纳米柱阵列为模板, 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出TiO2/ZnO和N掺杂TiO2/ZnO的复合纳米管阵列. 扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱(UV-Vis)的结果表明: 两种阵列的纳米管均为六角形结构, 直径约为100 nm, 壁厚约为20 nm; 在N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列中, 掺入的N离子主要是以N-Ox、N-C和N-N的形式化学吸附在纳米管表面, 仅有少量的N离子以取代式掺杂的方式占据TiO2晶格O的位置; 表面N物种形成的表面态能级和取代式掺杂导致带隙的窄化, 增强了纳米管阵列的光吸收效率, 促进了光生载流子的分离. 光催化实验结果表明, N离子的掺杂有利于N-TiO2/ZnO复合纳米管阵列光催化活性的提高.