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1.
To gain molecular level insights into the properties of certain functions and units of extended oxides/hydroxides, suitable molecular model compounds are needed. As an attractive route to access such compounds the trapping of early intermediates during the hydrolysis of suitable precursor compounds with the aid of stabilizing ligands is conceivable, which was tested for the aluminum(III)/water system. Indeed, trisilanols proved suitable trapping reagents: their presence during the hydrolysis of AliBu2H in dependence on the amount of water used allowed for the isolation of tri‐ and octanuclear aluminum hydroxide cluster complexes [Al32‐OH)3(THF)3(PhSi(OSiPh2O)3)2] ( 1 ) and [Al83‐OH)22‐OH)10(THF)3(p‐anisylSi(OSiPh2O)3)4] ( 2 ). 1 can be regarded as the Al(OH)3 cyclic trimer, where six protons have been replaced by silyl residues. While 2 features a unique [Al83‐OH)22‐OH)10]12+ core. In contrast to most other known aggregates of this type, 1 and 2 can be readily prepared at reasonable scales, dissolve in common solvents, and retain an intact framework even in the presence of excessive amounts of water. This finding paves the way to future research addressing the reactivity of the individual functional groups.  相似文献   

2.
Even though aluminas and aluminosilicates have found widespread application, a consistent molecular understanding of their surface heterogeneity and the behavior of defects resulting from hydroxylation/dehydroxylation remains unclear. Here, we study the well‐defined molecular model compound, [Al32‐OH)3(THF)3(PhSi(OSiPh2O)3)2], 1 , to gain insight into the acid–base reactivity of cyclic trinuclear Al32‐OH)3 moieties at the atomic level. We find that, like zeolites, they are sufficiently acidic to catalyze the isomerization of olefins. DFT and gas phase vibrational spectroscopy on solvent‐free and deprotonated 1 show that the six‐membered ring structure of its Al32‐OH)3 core is unstable with respect to deprotonation of one of its hydroxy groups and rearranges into two edge‐sharing four‐membered rings. This renders AlIV?O(H)?AlIV units strong acid sites, and all results together suggest that their acidity is similar to that of zeolitic SiIV?O(H)?AlIV groups.  相似文献   

3.
Syntheses and Structures of the Titanium(III) Siloxanes [Ti(OSiPh3)3(thf)2] and [Ti(OSiPh3)3(py)2] The new titaniumtrioxysilanes [Ti(OSiPh3)3(thf)2] ( 1 ) and [Ti(OSiPh3)3(py)2] ( 2 ) have been obtained from the reaction of titaniumtrichloride with LiOSiPh3 in the presence of the corresponding bases tetrahydrofurane (thf) and pyridine (py). From the crystal structures of both compounds it is evident that the titanium atoms are in the centres of trigonal‐bipyramidal coordination figures, with the donor atoms in axial positions. The compounds 1 and 2 have slightly different structures (mean values: 1 : Ti‐O(Si) 1.897(9), Ti‐O(C) 2.136(8) Å; 2 : Ti‐O 1.902(9), Ti‐N2.252(8) Å) and have a single absorption band in the visible region of the UV‐spectrum. The exchange of the thf‐ligands in 1 by pyridine (in high molar excess) seems to be hindered as deduced from UV‐spectroscopy.  相似文献   

4.
Treatment of anhydrous YbCl3 with LiN(SiMe3)2 followed by reaction with 1 equivalent of 1,1,3,3,5,5‐hexaphenyl‐1,3,5‐trisiloxanediol afforded the first mono(trisiloxanediolate) complex of a rare earth element. The compound [Ph2Si(OSiPh2O)2]Yb(THF)(μ‐Cl)3Li2(THF)3 ( 1 ) was isolated in the form of colorless crystals in very high yield (93%). A single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction study confirmed the presence of an eight‐membered inorganic ring system containing ytterbium. Coordination of one THF ligand and retention of two equivalents of lithium chloride lead to formation of an “ate” complex.  相似文献   

5.
Two copper‐containing compounds based on MoO42–, [Cu4(phen)42‐OH)23‐OH)2(H2O)2][MoO4]2 · 10H2O ( 1 ) and [Cu(phen)2Mo2O7(phen)] · 8H2O ( 2 ) (phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline), were hydrothermally synthesized. In the crystal lattices of 1 and 2 , discrete octameric water cycles and 2D layer water clusters were observed. The cyclic water octamer clusters exist stably in the channels constructed by [Cu4(phen)4(OH)4(H2O)2]2+ and MoO42– by hydrogen bonds in 1 at low temperature and 2D layer water clusters are formed by (H2O)16 units in 2 .  相似文献   

6.
An α‐diimine‐stabilized Al? Al‐bonded compound [L2?AlII? AlIIL2?] (L=[{(2,6‐iPr2C6H3)NC(Me)}2]; 1 ) consists of dianionic α‐diimine ligands and sub‐valent Al2+ ions and thus could potentially behave as a multielectron reductant. The reactions of compound 1 with azo‐compounds afforded phenylimido‐bridged products [L?AlIII(μ2‐NPh)(μ2‐NAr)AlIIIL?] ( 2 – 4 ). During the reaction, the dianionic ligands and Al2+ ions were oxidized into monoanions and Al3+, respectively, whilst the [NAr]2? imides were produced by the four‐electron reductive cleavage of the N?N double bond. Upon further reduction by Na, the monoanionic ligands in compound 2 were reduced to the dianion to give [(L2?)2AlIII22NPh)2Na2(thf)4] ( 5 ). Interestingly, when asymmetric azo‐compounds were used, the asymmetric adducts were isolated as the only products (compounds 3 and 4 ). DFT calculations indicated that the reaction was quite feasible in the singlet electronic state, but the final product with the triplet‐state monoanionic ligands could result from an exothermic singlet‐to‐triplet conversion during the reaction process.  相似文献   

7.
Supramolecular compounds of the di-, trideca-, and triacontanuclear aluminum aqua hydroxo complexes, viz., [Al2(OH)2(H2O)8]4+, [Al12(AlO4)(OH)24(H2O)12]7+, and [Al30O8(OH)56(H2O)26]18+, respectively, with the organic macrocyclic cavitand cucurbit[6]uril (C36H36N24O12) were prepared by evaporation of aqueous solutions of aluminum nitrate and cucurbit[6]uril after the addition of pyridine, ammonia, KOH, or NaOH at pH 3.1–3.8. X-ray diffraction study demonstrated that the aqua hydroxo complexes are linked to the macrocycle through hydrogen bonds between the hydroxo and aqua ligands of the polycations and the portal oxygen atoms of cucurbit[6]uril. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 261—268, February, 2006.  相似文献   

8.
孙捷  孙迎春 《中国化学》2004,22(7):661-667
Introduction Inorganic oxide films have attracted a lot of interest in the last several decades. Among them, silicon dioxide films are widely used in modern microelectronics, optics and mechanics. This material has been grown by various methods including thermal oxidation, chemical vapor phase deposition, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor phase deposition, and so on.1,2 Recently, Nagayama et al.3 have reported that SiO2 thin films could be produced by a new chemical method of liquid phase depos…  相似文献   

9.
The complete sequence of reactions in the base‐promoted reduction of [{RuII(CO)3Cl2}2] to [RuI2(CO)4]2+ has been unraveled. Several μ‐OH, μ:κ2‐CO2H‐bridged diruthenium(II) complexes have been synthesized; they are the direct results of the nucleophilic activation of metal‐coordinated carbonyls by hydroxides. The isolated compounds are [Ru2(CO)4(μ:κ2C,O‐CO2H)2(μ‐OH)(NPF‐Am)2][PF6] ( 1 ; NPF‐Am=2‐amino‐5,7‐trifluoromethyl‐1,8‐naphthyridine) and [Ru2(CO)4(μ:κ2C,O‐CO2H)(μ‐OH)(NP‐Me2)2][BF4]2 ( 2 ), secured by the applications of naphthyridine derivatives. In the absence of any capping ligand, a tetranuclear complex [Ru4(CO)8(H2O)23‐OH)2(μ:κ2C,O‐CO2H)4][CF3SO3]2 ( 3 ) is isolated. The bridging hydroxido ligand in 1 is readily replaced by a π‐donor chlorido ligand, which results in [Ru2(CO)4(μ:κ2C,O‐CO2H)2(μ‐Cl)(NP‐PhOMe)2][BF4] ( 4 ). The production of [Ru2(CO)4]2+ has been attributed to the thermally induced decarboxylation of a bis(hydroxycarbonyl)–diruthenium(II) complex to a dihydrido–diruthenium(II) species, followed by dinuclear reductive elimination of molecular hydrogen with the concomitant formation of the RuI? RuI single bond. This work was originally instituted to find a reliable synthetic protocol for the [Ru2(CO)4(CH3CN)6]2+ precursor. It is herein prescribed that at least four equivalents of base, complete removal of chlorido ligands by TlI salts, and heating at reflux in acetonitrile for a period of four hours are the conditions for the optimal conversion. Premature quenching of the reaction resulted in the isolation of a trinuclear RuI2RuII complex [{Ru(NP‐Am)2(CO)}{Ru2(NP‐Am)2(CO)2(μ‐CO)2}(μ33C,O,O′‐CO2)][BF4]2 ( 6 ). These unprecedented diruthenium compounds are the dinuclear congeners of the water–gas shift (WGS) intermediates. The possibility of a dinuclear pathway eliminates the inherent contradiction of pH demands in the WGS catalytic cycle in an alkaline medium. A cooperative binuclear elimination could be a viable route for hydrogen production in WGS chemistry.  相似文献   

10.
Multimeric oxo‐hydroxo Al clusters function as models for common mineral structures and reactions. Cluster research, however, is often slowed by a lack of methods to prepare clusters in pure form and in large amounts. Herein, we report a facile synthesis of the little known cluster Al8(OH)14(H2O)18(SO4)5 ( Al8 ) through a simple dissolution method. We confirm its structure by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and show by 27Al NMR spectroscopy, electrospray‐ionization mass spectrometry, and small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering that it also exists in solution. We speculate that Al8 may form in natural water systems through the dissolution of aluminum‐containing minerals in acidic sulfate solutions, such as those that could result from acid rain or mine drainage. Additionally, the dissolution method produces a discrete Al cluster on a scale suitable for studies and applications in materials science.  相似文献   

11.
Palladium(II) acetate is readily converted into [Pd32‐OH)(OAc)5] ( 1 ) in the presence of water in a range of organic solvents and is also slowly converted in the solid state. Complex 1 can also be formed in nominally anhydrous solvents. Similarly, the analogous alkoxide complexes [Pd32‐OR)(OAc)5] ( 3 ) are easily formed in solutions of palladium(II) acetate containing a range of alcohols. An examination of a representative Wacker‐type oxidation shows that the Pd‐OH complex 1 and a related Pd‐oxo complex 4 can be excluded as potential catalytic intermediates in the absence of exogenous water.  相似文献   

12.
The effect of the anion charge on the structure of [LiAl2(OH)6]nX (X = Cl-, Br-, I-, SO4 2-, C6H8O4 2-) intercalation compounds and the water effect on the structure of [LiAl2(OH)6]Cl·nH2O have been studied using 1H, 7Li, and 27Al NMR. A change in the charge on the anion leads to significant changes in the asymmetry parameter for the lithium and aluminum nuclei with relatively small changes in the quadrupolar coupling constant and the broadening factor. The structure of the intermediate [LiAl2(OH)6]Cl·0.5H2O hydrate can be represented as a derivative of the structure of the anhydrous [LiAl2(OH)6]Cl intercalate with a slightly increased layer thickness and a minor orthorhombic distortion of the hexagonal cell; the water molecules partially fill the interlayer voids and participate in the diffusion process. Further hydration of the intercalate (x 1) leads to a minor (0.2) increase in the layer thickness and is accompanied by disordering of chloride ions and water molecules in the interlayer space.  相似文献   

13.
New homoligand and mixed‐ligand adducts of the heavier alkaline earth metal (Ca, Sr, Ba) halides with oxygen‐donor polyether ligands have been isolated and characterized and are compared with previously obtained compounds of the same class in order to give an overview on structures and properties. Homoligand halide adducts, discussed herein, are [CaI(DME)3]I ( 1 ), trans‐[SrI2(DME)3] ( 2 ), trans‐[BaI2(DME)3] ( 3 ), (DME = ethylene glycol dimethyl ether), [CaI(diglyme)2]I ( 4 ), cis‐[SrI2(diglyme)2] ( 5 ), trans‐[BaI2(diglyme)2] ( 6 ),(diglyme = diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, [SrI(triglyme)2]I ( 7 ), and [BaI(triglyme)2]I ( 8 ), (triglyme = triethylene glycol dimethyl ether). Introduction of the mono‐coordinating THF ligand (THF = tetrahydrofuran) in the coordination sphere of 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 allows the formation of the new mixed‐ligand compounds trans‐[CaI2(DME)2(THF)] ( 9 ), trans‐[SrI2(DME)2(THF)] ( 10 ), trans‐[BaI2(DME)2(THF)2] ( 11 ), and trans‐[CaI2(diglyme)2(THF)2] ( 12 ). These compounds were obtained from the metal halide salts in solution with pure or mixtures of ether solvents. While compounds 1 – 8 appear to be very stable and non‐reactive, adducts 9 – 12 present a comparable reactivity to the well known THF adducts [MI2(thf)n] (M = Ca, n = 4; Sr, Ba, n = 5).  相似文献   

14.
Organoaluminum alkyls L1AlMe2 ( 1 ), L2AlMe2 ( 2 ) and L2AliBu2 ( 3 ) with O,C,O‐chelating ligands L1 and L2 [L1 = 2, 6‐(MeOCH2)2C6H3 and L2 = 2, 6‐(tBuOCH2)2C6H3] were prepared. The compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, 1H, 13C, 27Al NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction analysis ( 3 ). Solution NMR studies indicated the four coordinated aluminum atom and dissociation/association dynamic process in solution of 1 – 3 . The X‐ray diffraction analysis of 3 showed that the aluminum atom is [4 + 1] coordinated with the trans‐trigonal bipyramidal geometry. The reactivity of 2 was investigated. Reactions of 2 with MeOH and I2 resulted in aluminum alkoxide [L2Al(OMe)2 ( 4 )] and iodides [L2AlI2· THF ( 5 ) and L2AlI2 ( 6 )], respectively, characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H, 13C and 27Al NMR spectroscopy. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

15.
The title bimetallic compound, [Yb43‐OH)4(C6H13NO2)7(H2O)7][ZnCl4][ZnCl3(OH)]Cl4·8H2O, was synthesized at near physiological pH (6.0). The compound exhibits some novel structural features, including an asymmetric [Yb43‐OH)4(l ‐leucine)7(H2O)7]8+ complex cation in which four OH groups act as bridging ligands, linking four Yb3+ cations into a Yb4O4 structural unit. Each pair of adjacent Yb3+ ions is further bridged by one carboxy group from a leucine ligand. Water mol­ecules and a monodentate leucine ligand also coordinate to Yb3+ ions, completing their eight‐coordinate square‐antiprismatic coordination. The Yb43‐OH)4(l ‐leu­cine)7(H2O)7]8+ cation, the [ZnCl4]2−, [ZnCl3OH]2− and Cl anions, and the lattice water mol­ecules are linked via hydrogen bonds.  相似文献   

16.
17.
The compounds [Hg2(μ—SePh)2(SePh)2(PPh3)2] ( I ) and [Hg3Br3(μ—SePh)3] · 2 DMSO ( II ) are formed by reactions of [Hg(SePh)2] with PPh3 in THF( I ) or with HgBr2 in DMSO ( II ) at room temperature. X—ray crystallography reveals that the cluster I consists of a distorted square built by each two Hg and Se atoms. The Hg atoms have almost tetrahedral co‐ordination environments formed by selenium atoms of two (μ‐SePh) ligands and Se and P atoms of terminal SePh and PPh3 ligands. The compound II is a six‐membered ring with alternating Hg and Se atoms in the chair conformation. Two DMSO molecules occupy positions below and above the [Hg3Se3] ring with the oxygen atoms directed to the centre of the ring.  相似文献   

18.
Several heterometallic nitrido complexes were prepared by reaction of the imido–nitrido titanium complex [{Ti(η5‐C5Me5)(μ‐NH)}33‐N)] ( 1 ) with amido derivatives of Group 13–15 elements. Treatment of 1 with bis(trimethylsilyl)amido [M{N(SiMe3)2}3] derivatives of aluminum, gallium, or indium in toluene at 150–190 °C affords the single‐cube amidoaluminum complex [{(Me3Si)2N}Al{(μ3‐N)23‐NH)Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}] ( 2 ) or the corner‐shared double‐cube compounds [M(μ3‐N)33‐NH)3{Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}2] [M=Ga ( 3 ), In ( 4 )]. Complexes 3 and 4 were also obtained by treatment of 1 with the trialkyl derivatives [M(CH2SiMe3)3] (M=Ga, In) at high temperatures. The analogous reaction of 1 with [{Ga(NMe2)3}2] at 110 °C leads to [{Ga(μ3‐N)23‐NH)Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}2] ( 5 ), in which two [GaTi3N4] cube‐type moieties are linked through a gallium–gallium bond. Complex 1 reacts with one equivalent of germanium, tin, or lead bis(trimethylsilyl)amido derivatives [M{N(SiMe3)2}2] in toluene at room temperature to give cube‐type complexes [M{(μ3‐N)23‐NH)Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}] [M=Ge ( 6 ), Sn ( 7 ), Pb ( 8 )]. Monitoring the reaction of 1 with [Sn{N(SiMe3)2}2] and [Sn(C5H5)2] by NMR spectroscopy allows the identification of intermediates [RSn{(μ3‐N)(μ3‐NH)2Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}] [R=N(SiMe3)2 ( 9 ), C5H5 ( 10 )] in the formation of 7 . Addition of one equivalent of the metalloligand 1 to a solution of lead derivative 8 or the treatment of 1 with a half equivalent of [Pb{N(SiMe3)2}2] afford the corner‐shared double‐cube compound [Pb(μ3‐N)23‐NH)4{Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}2] ( 11 ). Analogous antimony and bismuth derivatives [M(μ3‐N)33‐NH)3{Ti35‐C5Me5)33‐N)}2] [M=Sb ( 12 ), Bi ( 13 )] were obtained through the reaction of 1 with the tris(dimethylamido) reagents [M(NMe2)3]. Treatment of 1 with [AlCl2{N(SiMe3)2}(OEt2)] affords the precipitation of the singular aluminum–titanium square‐pyramidal aggregate [{{(Me3Si)2N}Cl3Al2}(μ3‐N)(μ3‐NH)2{Ti35‐C5Me5)3(μ‐Cl)(μ3‐N)}] ( 14 ). The X‐ray crystal structures of 5 , 11 , 13 , 14 , and [AlCl{N(SiMe3)2}2] were determined.  相似文献   

19.
The title compounds, Na4[NpO4(OH)2]OH·2H2O and Na4[PuO4(OH)2]OH·2H2O, are isostructural and isomorphous, and contain complex [AnO4(OH)2]3− anions (Ac is an actinide) in the form of distorted tetragonal bipyramids, Na+ cations, crystallization water molecules and outer‐sphere OH groups. The complex [AnO4(OH)2]3− anions occupy general positions and the coordinated OH groups deviate significantly from a centrosymmetric relative orientation. The [AnO4(OH)2]3− anions exhibit anisotropic actinide contraction; the shortening of the An—O(hydroxide) bonds on going from Np to Pu is greater than that of the AnO4 groups.  相似文献   

20.
A tetranuclear CeIV oxo cluster compound containing the Kläui tripodal ligand [Co(η5‐C5H5){P(O)(OEt)2}3]? (LOEt?) has been synthesized and its reactions with H2O2, CO2, NO, and Brønsted acids have been studied. The treatment of [Ce(LOEt)(NO3)3] with Et4NOH in acetonitrile afforded the tetranuclear CeIV oxo cluster [Ce4(LOEt)4O7H2] ( 1 ) containing an adamantane‐like {Ce42‐O)6} core with a μ4‐oxo ligand at the center. The reaction of 1 with H2O2 resulted in the formation of the peroxo cluster [Ce4(LOEt)44‐O)(μ2‐O2)42‐OH)2] ( 2 ). The treatment of 1 with CO2 and NO led to isolation of [Ce(LOEt)2(CO3)] and [Ce(LOEt)(NO3)3], respectively. The protonation of 1 with HCl, ROH (R=2,4,6‐trichlorophenyl), and Ph3SiOH yielded [Ce(LOEt)Cl3] ( 3 ), [Ce(LOEt)(OR)3] ( 4 ), and [Ce(LOEt)(OSiPh3)3] ( 5 ), respectively. The chloride ligands in 3 are labile and can be abstracted by silver(I) salts. The treatment of 3 with AgOTs (OTs?=tosylate) and Ag2O afforded [Ce(LOEt)(OTs)3] ( 6 ) and 1 , respectively. The electrochemistry of the Ce‐LOEt complexes has been studied by using cyclic voltammetry. The crystal structures of complexes 1 – 5 have been determined.  相似文献   

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